 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Women Walking the Corporate Tightrope: Depictions of Men and Women’s
Work Relationships in Success-at-Work Books-
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Authors: Gretchen R. Webber, Patti Giuffre
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Women’s empowerment and “success at work” self-help workshops, webinars, and advice books proliferate in our neoliberal economy. These initiatives purport to help women navigate workplaces and overcome their limitations to be more successful at work. Through a qualitative content analysis of 15 advice books published from 2013 to 2020, this article analyzes how women’s and men’s work relationships are depicted in popular press career advice books that are marketed for women. We identify three main themes. First, men are described as baffled by women’s “strange ways,” so women are warned to be aware of men’s uneasiness and tread carefully in their work relationships. Second, men are depicted as enemies, yet women are told to rely on powerful men to achieve success. Third, women are instructed to ignore and downplay sexism in their workplace interactions. We conceptualize the work that women are expected to do as “tightrope labor,” in which women must carefully navigate contradictory gender expectations. Women are expected to walk a tightrope with (1) handling men’s discomfort with women; (2) identifying “menemies” and mentors; and (3) managing sexism. We argue that relationship depictions in career advice fault women for career failures, burden them with extra labor, and bolster neoliberal feminist rhetoric.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2023-03-15T07:51:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965231161782
- What Color is a Golden Boy' The Glorification and Disparagement of
Male Superstar Athletes in Sports Illustrated-
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Authors: Joshua Woods, Matthew Hartwell
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
This study examined media representations of male superstar athletes over more than three decades. Some journalists portrayed their subjects as smart, physically attractive young men at the top of their games. Other writers emphasized their flaws and told stories of tarnished heroes. Based on an analysis of 140 references to sports stars in Sports Illustrated magazine articles, the results showed that favorable and unfavorable framing of athletes depended on their race/ethnicity, the dominance of their sport, and the historical context in which they played. Compared to white sports stars, racial minority athletes were more often portrayed with unfavorable frames, such as unintelligent, immoral, or lacking charm. Athletes from lesser-known sports were also more likely to be described with unfavorable frames than athletes from the four most dominant sports in the US (football, basketball, baseball, and hockey). Both favorable and unfavorable frames were more common in articles published in the most recent period (2013–2021) than in earlier decades (1987–2012), signaling an increasing interest among journalists in the personal qualities of sports stars. The study provides new empirical and theoretical insight on the relationships between three social antecedents—racism, hegemonic sport culture, and technological change—and the framing of superstar athletes.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2023-03-03T04:54:41Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965231159312
- “I Went There”: How Parent Experience Shapes School Decisions
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Authors: Anna Rhodes, Julia Szabo, Siri Warkentien
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
As school choice expands, families face an increasingly arduous decision-making process around school enrollment. Through interviews with a socioeconomically and ethno-racially diverse sample of 60 parents in Dallas, Texas, we illustrate one key way families negotiate this choice landscape. We find that many parents use their own educational experiences as first-stage decision rules for narrowing the types of schools they consider for their children through experience-motivated replication and experience-motivated avoidance. Parents with positive schooling experiences sought to replicate the type of school they attended for their children, while parents with negative schooling experiences aimed to avoid the type of school they attended. While experience-motivated replication was used by parents across race and class positions, it was most common among White parents who often entrenched patterns of white flight through replication of private or suburban school enrollment. In contrast, experience-motivated avoidance was used by Black parents in our sample as a strategy to disrupt educational inequality for their children by eliminating traditional public schools, where parents reported feeling underserved as children, from their choice sets. Our study adds to our understanding of how families negotiate the increasingly complex school choice landscape, and mechanisms for the persistence of intergenerational educational inequality.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2023-03-01T08:22:11Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965231159306
- Understanding Social Disorganization and the Nonprofit Infrastructure; An
Ecological Study of Child Maltreatment Rates-
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Authors: Duncan J. Mayer
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Advocates and researchers have emphasized the role of disorder in neighborhood processes, with serious consequences for families, however, neighborhood structures may also support families and reduce child maltreatment. Nonprofits maintain a range of strategies to support nearby families, including direct services, facilitation of social networks, and formalizing advocacy for increased attention from government. Using agency data on child maltreatment, nonprofit locations, and indicators of social disorganization, this article studies the role of nonprofit organizations in the spatial distribution of child maltreatment among Cuyahoga County Ohio census tracts (N = 442). Accounting for spatially structured and tract-specific variation with a hierarchical Poisson model implemented through a Bayesian methodology, the results indicate the presence of nonprofits is a protective factor: negatively associated with child maltreatment (posterior mean: −0.18, CI: −0.34, −0.03), with heterogeneity by type. The study highlights neighborhoods as a propitious site of intervention and emphasizes the intra-county distribution of nonprofits.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2023-02-27T04:07:21Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965231159317
- Under Pressure: Social Capital and Trust in Government After Natural
Disasters-
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Authors: A. Alexander Priest
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
In response to the increasing threats posed by natural hazards, both disaster managers and researchers have recognized social networks and trust between communities and government as fundamental building blocks for resilience. However, these efforts often overlook the fact that the same network ties to family and friends that can help households weather a storm may also extend households’ exposure through collective trauma, reshaping their trust in and perceptions of government. Utilizing two restricted-access data sets gathered in Houston, Texas, following Hurricane Harvey, this study investigates the frequency with which households experienced a direct and/or close-tie impact and how such impacts affect households’ trust in local, state, and federal government. Results indicate that households experience close-tie impacts pervasively and that experiencing a close-tie impact is significantly correlated with lower trust in government at all levels, net of experiencing a direct impact and other statistical controls. Implications for a more nuanced approach to social capital and trust in disaster mitigation and research are discussed.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2023-01-20T05:06:18Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965231153066
- Erratum to Islamophobic Discourse of European Right-Wing Parties: A
Narrative Policy Analysis-
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Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-12-23T11:45:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221147890
- “You Are Responsible for Your Own Safety”: An Intersectional Analysis
of Mask-Wearing During the COVID-19 Pandemic-
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Authors: Vasundhara Kaul, Zachary D. Palmer
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
The response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the US has been heavily criticized for its reliance on people’s voluntary uptake of health protective behaviors like mask-wearing. Such voluntary approaches to public health crises assume individuals are altruistic and will put the good of the community before themselves. However, social groups operate in distinct ways and have different motivations. Since ideas of individualism in the US are both gendered and racialized, we adopt an intersectional approach to examine how both race and gender interact to shape mask-wearing behaviors. Using a survey of 1,269 adults in the US, we find that white women are less likely to wear a mask than Latinas and Black women but observe no differences amongst men. Our data suggest that these differences arise because white women are more likely to approach mask-wearing as a personal choice, whereas Latinas and Black women are more likely to take a collectivist approach and view mask-wearing as a social responsibility. We highlight the importance of adopting an intersectional approach to understand true variability in health protective behaviors. We also draw attention to the importance of developing community-specific public health messaging that resonates with its members’ norms and experiences.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-12-15T07:50:39Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221145904
- Voices in and Uses of Internal Conversations
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Authors: David Schweingruber, David W. Wahl, Steven Beeman, Deborah Burns, George Weston, Rebecca Haroldson
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Although sociologists have a long history of making claims about people’s internal conversations, these claims are based on little or no evidence. We present results from the first sociological analysis of a large number of self-reported internal conversations, focusing on two interconnected properties of internal conversations: their uses and what internalized others appear and speak in them. We developed taxonomies for categorizing internal conversations based on these properties. The majority of internal conversations in our collection were used to prepare for action, such as with rehearsals, self-direction, and to-do lists. Internalized others appeared in over two-thirds of internal conversations but spoke in fewer than a fifth of them. Internalized others were most likely to speak in rehearsals and other internal interactions, which involve mentally running through an interaction with one or more other people.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-12-09T02:13:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221139847
- Opting out of Marriage' Factors Predicting Non-Marriage by Midlife
across Race, Ethnicity, and Gender-
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Authors: Xing Zhang, Sharon Sassler
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Over the last few decades, a growing proportion of Americans have never married. Factors contributing to adolescent expectations for marriage and the likelihood of non-marriage by midlife, however, remain understudied. We explore attitudinal and economic factors associated with non-marriage among a sample of White, Black, and Hispanic men and women in their early 30s through early 40s. Data are from Waves I, II, IV, and V of Add Health (n = 7,297). We use logistic regression analysis to assess how adolescent expectations to remain unmarried in adolescence and economic factors in adulthood are associated with never marrying among respondents approaching their fourth decade of life. Negative adolescent expectations regarding marriage are highly predictive of non-marriage in later life, particularly among White adults. Economic factors, such as educational attainment, educational mobility, earnings, and job instability, are more predictive of non-marriage for Black adults, and for men. Our findings suggest how ideational and structural factors challenge the institution of marriage at different times in the life course. Adolescent expectations for marriage are important predictors of subsequent union formation, but economic factors continue to differentiate union outcomes among older adults.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-30T02:26:13Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221142769
- The Role of Place: An Analysis of Climate Change Perception in the
European Union-
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Authors: Pilar Morales-Giner, Tahir Enes Gedik
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
A clear consideration for designing strong climate policy is to account for the perception of the seriousness of climate change among citizens. In order to understand climate change perceptions in the European Union (EU), this study relies on Eurobarometer survey data to examine the impacts of place-based factors, including regional spaces and place attachment to supra-national spaces. The results indicate that regional differences and place attachment to the EU are strong predictors of climate change concern, net of the effects of other factors. These findings suggest that place-based indicators can serve as a useful analytical tool for the study of climate change public opinion. The study concludes by providing implications and suggestions for future research on climate change public opinion and climate policy.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-26T11:34:05Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221139853
- “Communist Controlled Black Barbarism”: The Citizen’s Councils of
America’s Anti-Communist Master Frame Cluster and the Renovation of
White Supremacist Ideology-
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Authors: Devon A. Wright
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Using insights from a content coding analysis of discourse from the most influential White supremacist segregationist organization of the early Cold War decades, Citizen’s Councils of America (CCA or Council), I argue that social movement organizations use a master frame cluster, a package of closely related, overlapping frames with a core master frame to adapt and update pre-existing, older ideology to contemporaneous sociopolitical currents and thereby mainstream, modernize, and streamline propaganda messaging. From its media outlets and White supremacist ideology, the Council deployed what I call its Anti-Communist Master Frame Cluster, proclaiming that unrestrained Black savagery and misguided White sympathy, including liberals, leftists, and socialists, all followed a downward slope toward communist tyranny or what the Council called, “Communist controlled Black barbarism.” Twenty-first century conservative rightwing media has inherited the CCA’s master frame cluster to discredit Black Lives Matter protests, still using anti-communist messaging, but with a “Black-on-Black” crime narrative as the main propaganda weapon against Black protest.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-23T10:34:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221139850
- Islamophobic Discourse of European Right-Wing Parties: A Narrative Policy
Analysis-
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Authors: Lacin Idil Oztig, Turkan Ayda Ersan
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
In Europe, in tandem with growing social anxiety regarding the so-called threat of Islamization, right-wing, populist parties have increasingly positioned themselves against Muslims and Islam to the point of becoming anti-Islam parties. This paper deconstructs Islamophobic discourses of the Freedom Party of Austria, the League, and the Alternative for Germany through narrative policy analysis and shows that they are built upon a similar narrative of a villain, victim, and hero. Muslims are depicted as villains that pose a threat to Europe, while national and European cultures are presented as victims, threatened by Islamic practices which are cast as irrational, dominant, and violence-prone. The depiction of Muslims as villains and European culture and society as victims gives these parties an opportunity to create a “hero” character for themselves. By presenting proposals, such as bans on Islamic practices, these parties narratively construct themselves as heroes determined to save their countries and European culture. Disregarding the heterogeneity of Muslims and Islamic traditions as well as the contribution of Muslim scientists and philosophers, these parties depict a simplistic picture of the world in which they appropriate for themselves the role of protector. Character construction in Islamophobic discourses raises important questions about multiculturalism, tolerance, and religious freedom in Europe.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-19T09:13:10Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221139852
- Resettlement Divorce: The Hidden Costs of Family Separation During Refugee
Resettlement-
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Authors: Kamryn Warren
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Refugee resettlement is a solution to provide safety and security to individuals left vulnerable from displacement. However, some refugees who intermarry with non-refugees are barred from resettling with their intact family unit. This article utilizes an in-depth ethnographic analysis of the everyday life of refugees in mixed nationality marriages living in Nepal to argue that the right to family unity is denied to some refugees. Refugees in mixed-nationality marriages must choose between divorcing a loving and stable partner to resettle in a third country and remaining encamped in Nepal, where opportunities for safety, security, and advancement are severely limited. This analysis indicates that “resettlement divorces” became a way that mixed-marriage refugee couples managed to navigate the offer of resettlement for Bhutanese refugees in Nepal and the ways that resettlement structured their everyday lives. Implications exist for interrogating which families are granted the right to “unity,” patterns of refugee resettlement, and the resettlement outcomes of single refugee mothers.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-19T01:35:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221139851
- Do Fetal Development Markers Influence Attitudes toward Abortion
Legality'-
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Authors: Xiana Bueno, Kathryn J. LaRoche, Brandon L. Crawford, Ronna C. Turner, Wen-Juo Lo, Kristen N. Jozkowski
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
In the United States, legislation intended to limit abortion access based on fetal development markers (e.g., heartbeat, fetal pain) has become increasingly common. We found that people’s support for legal abortion decreases when survey items mention fetal developmental markers compared with items that do not. However, the majority of participants supported access to legal abortion in health-related circumstances or pregnancies as a result of rape at the detection of a fetal heartbeat. Using terms that personify the fetus may evoke responses from participants that limit their endorsement of abortion. Thus, including this terminology in the public and political discourse seems to influence abortion attitudes. This might have implications related to electoral outcomes which eventually determine whether pregnant people are guaranteed access to abortion.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-11T02:09:36Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221137830
- Poisoning the Well: How Astroturfing Harms Trust in Advocacy Organizations
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Authors: Edward T. Walker, Andrew N. Le
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Sociological research on social movements and politics holds that advocacy organizations are typically trusted to be authentic agents of their constituents. At the same time, however, businesses and other outside interests often engage in covert “astroturfing” strategies in which they ventriloquize claims through apparently independent grassroots associations (but which are entirely funded and staffed to benefit the sponsor). These widespread and deceptive strategies may harm trust in advocacy groups overall, extending beyond those revealed to be involved, through a mechanism of categorical stigmatization. This study is the first to test how revealed covert patronage may “poison the well” for all advocacy groups, with implications for how social movements and other advocacy causes suffer harm from illegitimate political practices by other organizations. The authors carried out two survey-experiments in which a local advocacy organization was revealed to be operating, respectively, as a “front” for either a corporation or think tank; in each experiment, conditions varied depending upon whether the sponsor was presented as highly reputable, low reputation, or with no specified reputation. In both experiments, astroturfing led to significant declines in trust in advocacy groups overall. We highlight implications for theory and research on social movements, organizational theory, and political processes.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-10-22T09:43:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221123808
- Barriers to Access: The Unencumbered Client in Private Food Assistance
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Authors: Alana Haynes Stein
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
The private food assistance network has expanded amidst a receding welfare state, signaling the privatization of food assistance and other social services. Simultaneously, the cultural association of poverty with morality characterizes some individuals as more “deserving” of assistance than others. As people seek social services, they must navigate programs embedded with these ideas of deservingness. I use data from 21 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with food bank clients and over 225 hours of participant observation at a California food bank and its partner agencies to examine how clients experience barriers to accessing private food assistance. I find that nonprofit program structures are designed to serve an unencumbered client, yet even populations characterized as “deserving” do not meet the characteristics of the unencumbered client. This nearly unattainable status of unencumbered client contributes to inequity emerging from the structural level that manifests as individuals try to access and use private food assistance. These structural barriers manifest in four ways at the food bank: material resources, nonprofit infrastructure and coordination, communication channels, and policing. Based on these findings, organizational practices of nonprofits are of key importance when considering the reproduction of inequality in society.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-10-01T11:32:14Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221129572
- Rebuilding Without Papers: Disaster Migration and the Local Reception of
Immigrants After Hurricane Katrina-
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Authors: Hana E. Brown, Zhongze Wei, Michelle Lazaran, Christopher Cates, Jennifer A. Jones
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
After Hurricane Katrina decimated the Gulf Coast in 2005, thousands of Latinx immigrants arrived in the region to work in reconstruction, one case of the growing and global phenomenon of disaster migration. Drawing on newspaper content analysis, in-depth interviews with immigrant service providers, and archival materials from Mississippi for the years surrounding Hurricane Katrina (2003-2009), we ask what reception these disaster migrants encountered upon arrival and how that reception changed as they settled permanently in the state. We find that public discourse about immigrants became markedly more positive when disaster migrants arrived en masse, with the media and public characterizing immigrants as valuable, hard workers. Negative characterizations shifted to portray immigrants as drains on public resources. However, these changes were temporary. By 2009, public debate about immigrants reverted to pre-disaster trends with only one exception. Across our study period, we find a steady rise in claims that immigrants faced racism and discrimination. Our findings suggest that disasters may briefly transform the social and cultural bases of material inequalities but are unlikely to produce lasting change.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-09-21T04:02:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221125646
- College Students and “Interracial” Relationships: How Our
Measures Matter-
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Authors: Kathryn Harker Tillman, Ladanya Ramirez Surmeier, Byron Miller
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
We use data from a random sample of students collected at two large public universities, one in the Midwestern region and one in the Southeastern region of the U.S., to document the prevalence of self-reported “interracial” romantic relationships (SR-IRRs) and the extent to which self-identifications differ from researcher-defined categorizations that label as “interracial/interethnic” all partnerships that cross racial or Latino/Hispanic ethnic boundaries (RD-IRRs). Our findings show that a substantial percentage of students in relationships that cross racial/ethnic lines do not identify them as “interracial.” As a result, measures of SR-IRR and RD-IRR produce very different prevalence figures for cross-group relationships (SR-IRR = 18% of respondents; RDIRR = 24%). The disjuncture between self-reports and researcher-defined categorizations is particularly pronounced for Hispanics and, to a lesser degree, non-Hispanic Whites. The consistency with which relationships that include non-Hispanic Black individuals are labeled, however, stands out as unique: every instance of racial/ethnic boundary crossing that involved an individual from this group was labeled as “interracial.” Multivariate analyses identify significant predictors of SR-IRRs and RDIRRs and how race/ethnicity, nativity status, and university location interact to shape relationship engagement and the likelihood of self-identifying relationships as “interracial.” Our discussion concludes with implications and suggestions for future research.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-08-08T02:12:48Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221118071
- Sharing Places: Local Socio-Economic Organization and Inequality in
Contemporary Short-Term Rental Markets-
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Authors: Yotala Oszkay
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Research on markets distinguishes niche markets, characterized by local community engagement and specialization, from mass markets, characterized by arms-length exchange and large-scale production. Yet, this research often overlooks how inequality differentially underpins these forms of exchange. Building on this work, I explore how local socio-economic disparities may structure different segments of short-term rental markets in the platform (i.e., “sharing”) economy. Drawing on cross-sectional analyses of over 300,000 Airbnb listings clustered in 277 U.S. metropolitan areas, I find that microentrepreneurial short-term rental markets—involving small-scale exchanges that typically demand more personal investment and social interaction—are embedded in civically active communities struggling with economic and housing precarity. Large-scale short-term rental markets—typically involving more socially distant exchanges in which operators rent multiple properties—are prevalent in expensive housing markets, where there are real estate investment opportunities to capitalize on housing vacancies. This study thus builds on understandings of market formation and segmentation, incorporating the role of local inequality, while also illuminating the tensions within platform economy markets more broadly.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-06-21T01:21:19Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221109164
- Intersectional Wealth Gaps: Contemporary and Historical Trends in Wealth
Stratification among Single Households by Race and Gender-
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Authors: Lauren Valentino, Nicole Yadon
First page: 3
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Wealth disparities represent one of the starkest measures of contemporary inequality in the US. While many studies have examined stratification in wealth between ethnoracial groups, and to a lesser extent between genders, scholars have paid little attention to the combination of race- and gender-based wealth gaps. We take a first step toward examining wealth gaps through an intersectional lens by examining data from single households in eleven waves of the Survey of Consumer Finances covering the period 1989–2019. Our key findings are (1) although Whites overall have higher wealth than other races and men have higher wealth than women, wealth gaps are most pronounced for groups who are doubly marginalized—Hispanic women and Black women—consistent with the non-additive tenet of intersectionality theory; (2) intersectional gaps in wealth are much larger in magnitude than intersectional gaps in income; and (3) these gaps have remained remarkably stable over the past three decades, with little sign of equalizing. We argue that accurately describing intersectional wealth gaps is a crucial step toward understanding how wealth stratification operates, as well as its implications. We conclude by discussing the need for better data and measurement to identify the causes and consequences of intersectional wealth gaps.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-11-28T03:38:09Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221139845
- Relationship Status-Based Health Disparities during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Authors: Mieke Beth Thomeer
First page: 17
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Previous research finds that marriage is a privileged family form with health benefits. These health advantages may have shifted during the pandemic, as more time was spent at home and resources strained. This study compares differences in three health outcomes across relationship statuses between April and December 2020 using a nationally-representative US survey, the Household Pulse Survey (N = 1,422,733). As the pandemic progressed, larger differences emerged when comparing married and never married respondents’ probabilities of fair or poor health, depression, and anxiety as never married people had the steepest decline in health, even adjusting for pandemic-related stressors (e.g., food insufficiency). Yet, widowed and divorced/separated respondents’ greater probabilities of these three health outcomes compared to married respondents’ narrowed over this same period. During the pandemic, relationship status and self-rated health patterns were similar for men and women, but for mental health there was evidence that the growing advantage of marriage relative to never being married was more pronounced for men, whereas the shrinking advantage of marriage relative to being previously married was more pronounced for women. This study identifies the unique health needs for never married adults during the pandemic, demonstrating that social conditions around the pandemic likely exacerbated health disparities by relationship status.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-05-13T03:14:50Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221099185
- Labor Immobility, Stability Discourse, and lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and
Queer Young Adults’ Career Plans in Japan-
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Authors: Koji Ueno
First page: 41
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
Recent US studies showed that many lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) young adults develop hopeful views about their occupational careers by emphasizing future workplaces’ friendly climates and denying their risk of experiencing discrimination. The results may partly reflect American labor market conditions and social discourses that endorse these views, and little is known about how LGBQ young adults may perceive their career chances and make plans in different labor market and discursive conditions. To extend the literature, the present study focuses on LGBQ young adults in Japan and contrast the results to those from a US study based on an equivalent design. Analysis of in-depth interviews highlighted Japanese LGBQ young adults’ anticipation of chilly industry climates. Further, they disengaged sexuality from their career plans by prioritizing career stability over industry climates and by deciding to hide their sexual identities from their future colleagues. They explained these decisions by addressing the importance of labor immobility and by drawing on a social discourse that linked career stability to a better life. Overall, the results underscored that the ways in which people respond to social marginalization greatly depend on what structural resources and constraints exist and what social discourses are present in the national context.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-06-07T10:48:17Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221105662
- The Business Ownership Patterns of Undocumented Immigrants in the United
States: An Exploratory Study-
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Authors: Mahesh Somashekhar
First page: 60
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
When debating the effect of undocumented immigrants on the economy, scholars often presume that undocumented immigrants are wage laborers rather than business owners. This study imputes the legal status of Mexican and Central American immigrants (MCAs) in the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) between 1996 and 2008 to evaluate how legal status affects business ownership patterns. From 1996 to 2008, the SIPP asked a series of questions about business ownership and migration history that make it uniquely suited to an investigation of undocumented MCA business owners. Instrumental variables regressions reveal that undocumented immigrants had a lower likelihood of owning a business than documented immigrants, but undocumented and documented business owners derived similar incomes from their businesses. A lack of legal status may hold back potential entrepreneurs. MCA business owners of both legal statuses clustered into similar low-paying, low-growth industries, however, so regardless of legal status, there are likely limits to how much business ownership can promote economic mobility among MCAs. All told, scholars should do more to acknowledge the existence of undocumented immigrant business owners, measure their impact on the economy, and examine their influence on immigrant incorporation patterns.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-06-06T06:37:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221105664
- “We Must Work… Toward Justice in Action”: Grievances, Claims Making,
and Spillover in the Idle No More Movement-
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Authors: Julie Schweitzer, Tamara L. Mix, Olivia M. Fleming
First page: 84
Abstract: Social Currents, Ahead of Print.
The Idle No More (INM) movement emerged in reaction to Bill C-45, the Canadian Jobs and Growth Act, in November 2012, inspiring a new wave of activism. Central to the movement’s grievances are Indigenous resistance and environmental justice (EJ), positioning INM’s activities against neo-colonialism, exploitation, and environmental degradation. We build upon existing EJ movements, Indigenous Peoples/Indigenous Environmental Justice (IEJ) movements, and social movement spillover, grievance, and claims making literatures to understand the role of shared movement narratives in encouraging mobilization. INM relies on social media to educate members and construct and communicate movement goals and actions. Analyzing 6 months of Facebook comments, reflecting the INM movement’s emergence period, we argue that INM activists employ structural grievances embedded in previous EJ and Indigenous resistance movements, combined with emerging (incidental) grievances to articulate shared claims that address inequality and justice, appealing to a range of potential supporters. We offer an analysis of the emergent INM movement to consider the active intersection of EJ, Indigenous Peoples, and IEJ movements to mobilize and sustain movement activities in spite of Bill C-45’s passage.
Citation: Social Currents
PubDate: 2022-06-20T08:49:46Z
DOI: 10.1177/23294965221109167
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