Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 13, Number 1Zeaid Mohammad Bin Masfar, Omar Mohammad Bin MasferThe Islamic Shariah forms the foundation of the regulatory framework in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Despite the modern legal system which includes both written and unwritten rules, Shariah is considered the supreme law of the land and any other law that comes into contradiction to it is deemed void. Individuals who wish to practice law in Saudi Arabia are required to study all laws in force in the Kingdom. However, since Shariah is the supreme law of the land, many universities fail to offer comprehensive degree plans, which negatively impacts the development of legal education in the Kingdom. The aim of this study will be to determine whether the supremacy of the Shariah negatively impacts legal education and if so, what recommendations can be given to ensure that universities offer comprehensive degrees, which include both Shariah laws and the newly codified rules. This research will make use of secondary sources of information which includes books and journals to evaluate the progress of legal education in KSA and its impact on future legal experts.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 12, Number 1Shin Jae-HunLike in the United States, which has reported scores of homegrown terrorism incidents, South Korea currently experiences a fast-growing multicultural society, and there are growing concerns that incidences of radicalization of alienated youths in the country through the internet could trigger the growth of homegrown terrorism. South Korea should evaluate if its multicultural society and how it could be connected to domestic terrorism. To achieve this goal, this thesis paid attention to the connections between domestic terrorism and Korea's multicultural society. This thesis looks at South Korea’s multicultural society as a risk factor for homegrown terrorism, the link between violent extremism and social exclusion in South Korea, and radicalization and ideology for homegrown terrorism in South Korea. It is established that young people on South Korea’s multicultural who face a variety of political, social, cultural, and/or economic obstacles are more likely to become radicals. Antipathy toward their host society is triggered by faulty social exclusion policies. Hence, while South Korea has not yet been the target of "homegrown" or other Islamic-inspired terrorism, it is at danger due to high levels of alienation among migrants, many of whom are unemployed and vulnerable to radicalization. Jihadi-Salafi recruiters target frustrated migrant workers. Jihadi-Salafis hide terrorist activities as companies or charities. They raise money and train operatives via charity contributions and religious activities. Existence of such organisations does not establish terrorists or their supporters in the ROK. To reduce the likelihood of a similar incident, the ROK must increase awareness of prospective terrorist operations and reach out to migrant populations and the general people. The ROK should keep changing and executing its draft legislation. Any such legislation must balance the necessity to increase the NIS's capabilities to prevent and react to terrorism with the rights of all ROK residents.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 12, Number 1Noorain Batool, Mohammad AkramIndia has a large burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases. There is a need for effective treatment of diseases and illness conditions for improving life expectancy and quality of life. Treatment refers to the interventions made to regain the state of well-being or health from a state of illness and sickness. Although several agencies provide national and state level health related data in India, there is dearth of specific data at micro or local level. It is very important to understand health behavior of people at micro level for having fair intervention at macro level. Hence, this study is conducted in urban areas of Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh in India to study the prevalence pattern of communicable and non-communicable diseases and the prevailing treatment patterns. This study is conducted in selected urban wards of Aligarh city of Uttar Pradesh, India. The primary data is collected from 300 respondents by using Interview Schedule. The respondents were asked to name the disease that they suffered from within last one year and the treatment method that they followed. We found that the proportion of respondents suffering from communicable diseases (58.3%) was more than the proportion of respondents suffering from non- communicable disease (41.7%). Further, the prevalence of communicable disease among the male respondents was more than the female respondents. Under the category of non-communicable disease, the prevalence was more among the female respondents. Communicable diseases pose a serious threat to individuals’ health and have the potential to threaten collective human security and the spread of corona virus in last two years has proved this again. Current burdens of communicable diseases make these a continuing threat to public health in all countries. India must orient the health system towards prevention, screening, early intervention and new treatment modalities with the aim to reduce the burden of communicable as well as non- communicable disease as envisaged in the globally accepted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) also.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 12, Number 1Kim Se JeongThis qualitative research explored the effects of household income levels on college students’ academic discontinuation (educational attainment), relationship-building propensity, and employment (career goals and transition). In-depth interviews were used to collect data from student participants at four-year colleges, particularly third- and fourth-year undergraduate students, who have been in college for an extended time period, and expect to graduate soon and enter the workforce. The participants were then divided into two groups: Group I included students from high income households, whose full tuition and living expenses have been paid, while Group II comprise students from low income households with outstanding fees. These interviews were analyzed based on the key themes of academic, human relations, and employment. The experiences college students from high income households and those from low income households are extremely at variance, showing that students’ economic levels affect their interpersonal relationships and future career prospects. Household income is found to influence the level of awareness of their career prospects and values. Conversely, low income students do not think of academics as an independent domain of “study,” despite recognizing it as a requirement. Consistent with this finding, these two groups of students also demonstrate different consumption patterns and capacity to establish human relations, with those in the high-income group at a greater advantage then their low-income counterparts. Overall, the level of income inequality, as established in this research, has significant effects on college students’ educational attainment levels, interpersonal relationship, and employment, whereby favourable effects are appropriated to high income students.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 12, Number 1Tehzeeb Anis, Mohammad AkramThe covid-19 pandemic situations have shown us that healthcare systems in several countries including India, in order to prevent the spread of covid-19 infection and control other related situations, neglected many other healthcare services including reproductive and maternal health services during the lockdowns imposed to prevent the spread of covid-19 and even afterwards. But this negligence cannot be justified, as maternal health services are one of the most important factors for the well-being of the mothers as well as the children. The disruption in access to maternal healthcare and antenatal care, including routine check-ups, sonography tests, scans, institutional deliveries, postnatal check-ups, vaccination of children, etc., has led to increased suffering of pregnant women and this situation will ultimately lead to compromised maternal and child healthcare. The aim of this paper is to review the major issues and challenges pregnant women face in accessing maternal health services during covid-19 period. This is an analytical paper based upon secondary data and estimates made in several published papers and media reports. Data provided by National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) (2015-16) is used as baseline data in this paper and findings of several reports and articles on related topics have been reviewed and used to arrive at some conclusions. On the basis of available reports, a projection is made on the estimated fall in antenatal care, institutional deliveries, and postpartum services. According to some estimates, antenatal care has dropped by 20 to 30 percent, institutional delivery by 30 to 43.25 percent and postnatal care by 20 to 30 percent during and after the lockdown caused because of the ongoing pandemic. During the pandemic, the number of labor and delivery at home increased as well. With the rise in labor and delivery at home, the risk of improper deliveries has increased, resulting in possibility of more premature mortality of the mothers and newborns. Around 25-30 percent fall is estimated in the doses of common vaccines given to children which is a serious matter of concern. The covid-19 pandemic has taught us that health preparedness should always be ready to deal with such a kind of pandemic without effecting the other healthcare services.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 11, Number 2Kim Se JeongThis study explored the current meanings attached to the making of school life records, and their significance in Korea’s high school education. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with teachers and students of Public General X High School. Findings suggest that students’ school life records encourage discrimination of students on the basis of their performance. School life records are also found to function as instruments of student control and supervision. The practice of making of school life records is anchored in students having good academic performance. Hence, students’ performance is a fundamental factor influencing the creation of school life records, mainly as a result of Korean education’s score-centred mentality. In addition, school records only tend to be significant to students with better grades, particularly since these records are a requirement for university admission. School life records are also found to function as tools for student control and supervision. Therefore, the conventional system of top–down education and the university admission system must be improved. Findings from this research also show that it is necessary to change the education structure fundamentally to change the curriculums of elementary, middle, and high schools according to the government’s university entrance policies and systems.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 11, Number 2Md Rahimullah Miah, Md Mehedi Hasan, Jorin Tasnim Parisa, Md Sher-E-Alam, Md Mokbul Hossain, Foujia Akhtar, Motia Begum, Alexander Kiew Sayok, Fuad Abdullah, Mir Abu Saleh Shamsuddin, AAM Shazzadur Rahman, Mohammad Shamsul Alam, Shahriar Hussain ChowdhuryCoronavirus is a political agenda through misusing of biosensor weapons worldwide. This pandemic is a tactical shock as the extreme threat to the global orders and politics. Many people, political leaders, animals and the environment have been affected by this disease. These have interrupted the comprehensive economy, political relations, public health security through thought-provoking the strength of humanities for active democracy. Thus, young and old individuals are getting sick and later suffering from depression and sensor diseases, which reflects on national, regional and global democracy. Politicians and others are running towards loss in different ways through misuse of innovative technology, unstable political situation, horrible social relations, violence of human rights, climate crisis and terrible democratic surroundings. Most people use advances in technology, but none can know its impact in political life. The study represents mental health awareness, policy integration and secure network collaboration among all in responsible life. The research focused on the human beings are the root causes of all problems, whereas they are the ways of dynamic solutions due to approaching complications in democracy. Innovative technological communication is indispensable for politicians but such scientific knowledge is below par as democratic users. Lastly, the study suggests future research trajectories of a new alternative secure techno-political approach to protect democracy for a peaceful world with recovery systems that have saved millions of lives.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 11, Number 2Zachary Christo, Anna Jensen, A. Olu OyinladeThis study investigated university students’ awareness of campus safety services offered by the Department of Campus Safety at the University of Nebraska, Omaha, in the United States. An online electronic survey was administered, and participants were selected via a convenience sampling method. Only undergraduate and graduate students who were at least 19 years old and had completed at least two semesters of coursework at the university were solicited for participation in this study. The ANOVA and regression analyses were utilized to assess the extent to which selected independent variables were significant predictors of five awareness dependent variables in the study. Findings indicated that student tenure on campus (measured in terms of “semesters completed”) was the only statistically significant predictor of one awareness dependent variable (personal safety assistance services), which suggested that students paid close attention to safety services that were most relevant to their needs as commuters. No other independent variable significantly predicted any other dependent variable in the study. Future research is encouraged to replicate this study with the hope that our findings will either be confirmed or controverted. We also encourage future research to employ random sampling methods and to obtain a larger sample size to improve the generalizability of findings.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 11, Number 1Seunghoon LeeBackground: Media plays a crucial role in the society. It keeps people well informed about what takes place locally and abroad. For there to be an efficient media system that can stand out to be counted on matters of integrity and accountability, there has to be measures that are put in place to ensure that the regulations are effective and working. Research Objectives: This research has attempted to find how the level of media regulation in Botswana. It specifically talks about the duties of the Media Council and how effective it has been in implementing its functions within the country. The research gives a detailed background about the importance of the media regulation. Methodology: The selected methods of data collection and how data was eventually collected from the targeted group is clearly shown. There is a rich description and an in-depth analysis of the collected data about Media regulation in Botswana. There is also an enhanced discussion that is purely based on the findings of the research regarding media regulation in Botswana. Setting and location: Botswana. Findings and conclusion: It is evident that media plays a crucial role in keeping the society well informed about what goes on both within the country and across the world. However, for there to be a viable media industry, there has to be a positive will from the government. Media freedom can ensure that the players carry out the duties without restrictions and without favoritism.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: International Journal of Applied Sociology, Volume 11, Number 1Seunghoon LeeResearch objective: The aim of this research was to explore the underlying factors motivating e-commerce adoption among SMEs in South Korea during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the effects of the technology. The basis for the decisions made by these companies to adopt e-commerce during the Covid-19 pandemic is also described. Focus is placed on the advantages and disadvantages linked to the process. The research explores the reasons for e-commerce adoption and development during the Covid-19 pandemic, analyses the impact of e-commerce on SMEs’ marketing strategies during the pandemic, explores the benefits of e-commerce to SMEs during the pandemic, and determines the barriers to e-commerce adoption during the pandemic. Methodology: A qualitative research method was employed in this research to explore in-depth data for holistic description of e-commerce adoption phenomena in the context of SMEs in South Korea during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data was collected from three SMEs that had had a first-hand experience with e-commerce through interviews with their representatives. Setting and location: Republic of Korea. Findings: The primary rationale for implementing an e-commerce strategy differed among South Korean firms. In relatively big firms, the primary motive for adopting e-commerce was to improve efficiency in their internal processes. On the other hand, the smaller firms were more interested in improving their competiveness. Still, the drive for competitiveness and cost-efficiency proved essential in motivating the adoption of e-commerce. Essentially, commerce proved to be beneficial in terms of improving the performance in two fundamental ways: ensuring increased customer base and sales revenues, and reducing the cost of doing business. However, SMEs also encountered a number of barriers to adopting e-commerce. Cost factor was commonly mentioned to be a major barrier to the adoption of e-commerce. Knowledge gaps also dominated as a challenge to e-commerce adoption.
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