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Authors:Cleothia Frazier Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Shift work is an integral part of living in a 24-hour society. However, shift work can disrupt circadian rhythms, negatively impacting health. Guided by the Stress Process Model (SPM), this study examines the association between shift work and depressive symptoms and investigates whether sleep health (duration, quality, and latency) mediates this relationship among midlife adults. Utilizing data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (N = 6,372), findings show that working evening, night, and irregular shifts is associated with increased depressive symptoms. The results also show that part of the association between shift work and depressive symptoms among night and irregular shift workers, is indirect, operating through short sleep during the week and on the weekend. Although shift work can negatively affect mental health, getting more restorative sleep may mitigate part of the harmful mental health consequences of non-standard work schedules. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-03-18T10:31:08Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693231156452
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Authors:Alyssa W. Goldman, Ellen L. Compernolle First page: 23 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Personal networks yield important health benefits for individuals, in part by providing more opportunities to be in the company of others throughout daily life. Social accompaniment is generally believed to protect against momentary feelings of loneliness, although this hypothesis remains understudied. We examine how personal network size shapes older adults’ experiences of momentary loneliness and whether this association varies by momentary social accompaniment. We use three waves of ecological momentary assessments (EMA; N = 12,359) and personal network data from 343 older adults in the Chicago Health and Activity Space in Real-Time study. Older adults with large personal networks experienced more intense momentary loneliness compared with those with smaller social networks when they were momentarily alone. This association was more pronounced among men. We discuss how research approaches that bridge global and momentary measures of social connectedness can reveal important nuances of our understanding of how interpersonal factors influence later-life well-being over time. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-01-12T01:20:54Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221142336
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Authors:Colter J. Uscola First page: 45 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Identity theorists assume that individuals intentionally construct and maintain a culturally valued sense of self. Although this logic makes sense for positive identities—doctor, parent, or scientist—it becomes questionable when applied to the construction of negative, or stigmatized, identities, such as that of a drinker. By interviewing 16 members of a metropolitan recovery community, I focus on how marginalized identities form seemingly absent of intention. In doing so, I show how stress and negative messaging from guardians, peers, and community members produce persistent painful emotions that restrict access to culturally valued identity pathways and steer individuals toward spaces of consumption. Through each lost socially valued role, the drinker identity becomes more salient, achieving more importance in daily life and becoming central to individuals’ lived experiences. That is, the drinker role becomes a primary source of positive affect and belongingness when these essential ingredients of social life are unobtainable elsewhere. More broadly, I challenge current theoretical assumptions that dominated intervention strategies and recovery policy for decades and offer considerations for policy and intervention programs. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2023-01-12T08:30:35Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221141927
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Authors:Peggy A. Thoits Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. How mental health treatment relates to clinical and perceived recoveries is examined with the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data, drawing from treatment-seeking and labeling theories. Clinical recovery and perceived recoveries were assessed among adult respondents who had a lifetime major depressive episode and reported ever having a mental health problem (N = 5,628). The “probably well” (with no current care need nor treatment involvement), individuals with unmet treatment needs, voluntary patients, and involuntary patients were contrasted. Compared with the high recovery rates of the “probably well,” individuals with unmet care needs had low clinical and perceived recoveries, and voluntary patients had low clinical but high perceived recoveries, supporting treatment-seeking predictions. With current distress symptoms controlled, involuntary patients’ perceived recovery rates were identical to “probably well” and voluntary patients,’ counter to labeling predictions. Because recovery perceptions may encourage (or weaken) treatment continuation, they warrant further research. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-11-11T11:23:10Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221131912
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Authors:Yue Qian, Wen Fan Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. In early 2020, a COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Hubei Province of China. Exploiting the geographic concentration of China’s COVID-19 cases in Hubei (the initial epicenter), we compare Hubei and non-Hubei residents to examine the medium-term effect of exposure to the COVID-19 outbreak on mental well-being. We examine flourishing—a comprehensive assessment of well-being that is not merely the absence of mental illness—and investigate a broad set of psychosocial and economic mediators that may link initial outbreak exposure to subsequent flourishing. We use ordinary least squares regression models to analyze national panel data collected in early 2020 and late 2021 (N = 3,169). Results show that flourishing scores remain lower for Hubei than non-Hubei residents almost two years following the early 2020 COVID-19 outbreak. Mediation analysis reveals that Hubei residents’ lower incidences of job promotion and lower sense of control are the two most important mediators accounting for their lower flourishing relative to non-Hubei residents. Combined, this study provides the first evidence of the medium-term psychological vulnerability borne by individuals who lived in the initial epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings on the intervening mechanisms shed light on the policy initiatives needed for post-pandemic mental well-being recovery in China and other countries. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-11-02T04:26:21Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221131819
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Authors:Yanhui Xu, Dongpeng Lai, Qingsong Chang Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. This study investigated the effects of ecological-level marketization, individual-level occupational status, and their interaction, on depression in residents in urban China. Population-based data (N = 13,004) from the 2016 China Family Panel Survey were used. A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model explored whether and to what extent market transition measured by the marketization index (MI), occupational status measured by international socio-economic index (ISEI), and their interaction, affected people’s depression. Results showed that higher MI (b = –.157, p < .001) and ISEI scores (b = –.124, p < .001) were associated with lower levels of depression. However, residents with high occupational status might suffer a uniquely elevated level of depression when living in highly marketized cities (b = .139, p < .05). Raising the public mental health awareness of residents with low occupational status from low marketized areas and that of residents with high occupational status from high marketized areas is warranted in societies undergoing rapid marketization, such as China. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-09-13T06:29:12Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221122864
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Authors:Laura Upenieks, Patricia Louie, Terrence D. Hill Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Over the past two decades, researchers have worked to make sense of the fact that black Americans tend to exhibit similar or better mental health profiles relative to their white counterparts. In this study, we extend previous research by proposing and testing a new potential explanation of the black-white mental health paradox: the dark side of religion or religious/spiritual (R/S) struggles. We also consider whether the association between R/S struggles and mental health is moderated by race. Our mediation analysis of data collected from a 2021 nationally representative sample of American adults (n = 1,381) indicates that black respondents tend to exhibit lower levels of non-specific psychological distress than white respondents partly because black respondents also tend to report lower levels of R/S struggles. Our moderation analysis demonstrates that the positive association between R/S struggles and psychological distress is more pronounced for white respondents than for black respondents. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-09-01T11:26:36Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221119786
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Authors:Tara Hahmann, Amanda Perri, Huda Masoud, Amy Bombay First page: 1 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Limited studies have assessed how parent and/or grandparent attendance at residential schools is associated with mental health and substance use among First Nations peoples living off reserve, while also considering how cultural dimensions relate to these outcomes. Analyses of the 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Survey revealed that the odds of self-reported diagnosed mood and anxiety disorders, past-year heavy drinking, and frequent marijuana use were significantly higher among First Nations adults living off reserve who had either a parent and/or grandparent who attended residential schools, even when controlling for covariates. In predicting diagnosed mood disorder, positive cultural identity affect and cultural engagement moderated the effect of parent residential school attendance while cultural exploration moderated the effect of two generations of attendance. Cultural exploration was a protective factor for grandparent residential school attendance in relation to past-year frequent marijuana use. Interventions that are trauma-informed and culturally-based should be considered for this population. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-07-11T11:50:03Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221108766
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Authors:Carlyn Graham, Gabriele Ciciurkaite First page: 61 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Young adults in the United States have the highest prevalence of suicidal thoughts of any adult age group. While limited, research indicates food insecurity heightens the risk of suicide ideation among young adults. However, research has not explored the pathways underlying the food insecurity—suicide ideation association among this population. Using 2008 data from Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we fill this gap by testing for the mediating roles of perceived stress and social isolation in the association between the risk for food insecurity and suicide ideation among young adults ages 24–32 (N = 14,897). Our findings reveal that perceived stress and social isolation account for almost half of this association. Given the eradication of food insecurity in the United States is unlikely imminent, our results indicate an exigent need for interventions and programs to address psychosocial risk factors associated with food insecurity. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-08-29T01:05:27Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221120066
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Authors:R. Kyle Saunders, Amy M. Burdette, Dawn Carr, Terrence D. Hill First page: 79 Abstract: Society and Mental Health, Ahead of Print. Given that sexual minorities have been historically stigmatized within institutions of religion, they may be less likely to exhibit any health benefits from religious participation. In this article, we use data from Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to test whether the effects of religious affiliation (becoming affiliated with a religious group) and disaffiliation (no longer affiliating with a religious group) on depressive symptoms are moderated by sexual minority status from adolescence to early adulthood. In regression models adjusted for selection effects, we observed that, compared to respondents who were consistently unaffiliated, becoming affiliated was associated with more depressive symptoms from baseline to follow-up among lesbian, gay, and bisexual respondents, but not among heterosexual respondents. We conclude with the implications of our results as they relate to understanding the health impacts of marginalized groups in social institutions and the importance of selection effects. Citation: Society and Mental Health PubDate: 2022-08-18T10:33:52Z DOI: 10.1177/21568693221111847