 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Guest Editors' Introduction
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Abstract: Populism has exploded into prominence in all four corners of the globe over the past decade, accompanied by fears and hopes of radical changes to come. Based on an international conference held at the Freie Universität Berlin in September 2021,1 this Special Issue in the Journal for the Study of Radicalism takes the tenth anniversary of the "movements of the squares" such as the "Arab Spring," 15-M, Aganaktismenoi, or Occupy Wall Street as a starting point for reflections on different forms of populism in the aftermath of these movements and not least their intersections with radical politics. The rapidly changing configurations of domestic and international orders today call into question the extent to which the ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Populism and Governance: A Study of West Bengal Politics, 1975–2016
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Abstract: Applying the Laclauian approach to populism to the case of West Bengal, this article examines the nature of populist politics during the erstwhile Left Front and the present Trinamool Congress regimes in the eastern Indian state. To examine populism and governance in Bengal, the triad of logics—equivalence, difference, and governance—has been applied to bring out the unique nature of populist politics and transformative revolution in Bengal. This article examines the role of populism as a mode of opposition and state populism as a mode of governance in West Bengal from 1975 to 2016. An inquiry into the two regimes' articulatory and discursive practices, ideological positions, and governance strategies has been made ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Lessons for Left-Wing Populism from the 2010s Austerity Wave in Europe:
Dispatches from the Case of Syriza-
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Abstract: More than a decade has now passed since the "Eurozone crisis." Few words were more used than "populism" and "austerity" during this period. The former was weaponized by mainstream political forces to downgrade anyone who strived to express popular demands contra to the will of the supposedly independent markets.1 Austerity, for its part, was presented as a tough yet the only available medicine to reestablish market confidence and secure the viability and health of the financial system. The health of the markets and the financial system, however, has proved incompatible with both the health of democratic institutions and—literally—the health of citizens across Europe. The market constituency became superior to the ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Populism or the European Condition'
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Abstract: Ten years after the movements of the squares, we are reminded of how the popular surge of activism shook the foundations of European politics. The ensuing appearance of new political parties—envisioned as carrying the torch of popular participation—has led to recurrent claims that the European "peoples" would be better represented by challenging a depoliticized, unpopular, and technocratic mainstream. Populism is depicted as a force that has reawakened the political spirit of ordinary people, for better or worse. In the wake of these empirical developments, populism, and its relation to the mainstream must be interrogated. The field of populism studies has different approaches to how populism relates to mainstream ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Theory after Practice: Revisiting Populism and Hegemony
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Abstract: This article reflects on Laclau's theory of populism in the light of recent populist practice. The past ten or fifteen years have brought what many have termed the "explosion" and "global rise" of populism, a development that at least has the potential for radicalizing politics. It is radical in a dual sense: in its opposition to the existing system, and in its conditions of possibility, whereby crisis presents an opening for radical rupture. The article underscores two crucial concepts within the recent literature on populism: the context of crisis, and the role of performativity. These are highlighted in order to insist that it is the context of crisis that is crucial for understanding populism, whereas ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Yamamoto TarÅ and Reiwa Shinsengumi: Love, Populism, and Radical
Democracy for a Neoliberal Japan-
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Abstract: The current political moment in Japan is characterized by two divergent trends, both originating in the triple disaster of March 2011. On the one hand, the reactor meltdown in the Fukushima-dai'ichi nuclear reactor politicized wide sections of Japanese civil society and reenergized not only the anti-nuclear power movement, but a plethora of subsequent social struggles, from feminism to anti-racism and pacifism.1 On the other hand, having won on an anti-establishment platform in 2009, the center-left to center-right Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) crumbled under the pressure of such a large-scale crisis and didn't have much to show in other policy areas either.2 The unprecedented collapse of the DPJ government in ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Between Radical Democracy and Left Populism on the Margins: Protest
Politics and Organization in the Left Front (Russia) and the Left
Opposition (Ukraine)-
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Abstract: In discussions of global protest waves, the "For fair elections" protests in Russia (2011–2013) and the Euromaidan protests in Ukraine (2013–2014) take on a somewhat ambivalent positioning: compared to most "color revolutions," both movements featured a more party-independent, decentralized, even leaderless dynamic1—which, in addition to the central repertoire of public square occupations, is reminiscent of "movements of the squares" such as 15-M or Occupy Wall Street—while, at the same time, appearing to lack the clear-cut radical-democratic thrust of the latter movements. Indeed, within the growing body of cross-national research on the movements of the squares from the angle of radical-democratic theory and/or ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Weaponizing Masculinity: Populism and Gendered Stories of Victimhood
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Abstract: The rise of right-wing populist political agents in Western liberal democracies over the last decade has amplified participatory and economic grievances, nurtured the polarization of voters, and fostered violence against women and minority communities. It has also renewed concerns over far-right movements that challenge established democratic practices, including the peaceful transfer of power after elections. Footage of overwhelmingly white male bodies pushing forward and against each other to gain entry to the U.S. Capitol and take revenge on those they wrongly accused of stealing the 2020 U.S. presidential election stands vividly alongside imagery of white supremacists marching the streets of European cities in ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- The Democratic Limits of Populist Politics
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Abstract: The publication of Ernesto Laclau's On Populist Reason1 in 2005 inspired a generation of left populist scholars who were convinced that populist articulation could secure a democratic politics of equality against neoliberal capital. There is good reason for this. Laclau and Mouffe recognized, two decades prior to 2005, the political failures of the class-centric, revolutionary politics of twentieth-century Marxism.2 For feminist, queer, green, indigenous, decolonial, antiwar, and other social movements, Marxist theoretical and political arrogance could not account for the specificity of struggle that each demanded. Laclau's account of populism recognized the necessity of political unity against a common enemy. Yet ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
- Duterte's "War on Drugs" Rhetoric: Consolidating Power through Penal
Populism-
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Abstract: On 9 May 2016, Rodrigo Duterte was elected president of the Philippines. The former mayor of the Southern Philippine city of Davao won the election on a platform of fighting illegal drugs, criminality, and corruption, and became infamous for tens of thousands of extrajudicial killings committed as part of his so-called "War on Drugs." Of these killings, most deaths were attributed to civilian vigilantes, often operating in coordination with the police and in a context where Duterte's incendiary anti-drugs rhetoric had become tantamount to a "license to kill."1 The resulting human rights violations caused shock and outrage among civil society in and outside of the Philippines. Despite tacit popular concern about the ... Read More
PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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