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Abstract: Despite the prevalence of anti-discrimination legislation in Canada, minority workers continue to experience labour market disadvantage. Visible minority workers have lower average earnings and fewer job opportunities (Liu 2019; Teelucksingh and Galabuzi 2007). There is also evidence of occupational segregation (Fearon and Wald 2011; Hou 2009): Racialized non-white workers are over-represented in low-wage work and under-represented in managerial and professional occupations (Teelucksingh and Galabuzi 2007). In fact, research shows that despite their possession of relevant education and credentials—even to the point of over-qualification—visible minority professionals have difficulty securing jobs in their fields ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: At first glance, Mark Hayward’s (York University) cultural study of multicultural media in Canada post-WWII through to the digital age, and Tamari Kitossa (Brock University), Erica S. Lawson (University of Western Ontario), and Philip S.S. Howard’s (McGill University) edited volume on African Canadian leadership both have a shared Canadian context in common but seemingly little else. Upon deeper reflection, the books connect thematically in terms of how political policies such as multiculturalism, in practice, can work to erase rather than to preserve diverse cultures and how we need to broaden our traditional understandings and look to the periphery in order to get a more complex understanding of the subjects in ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: International migration has increased globally over the past two decades. Currently, migrants represent 3.5% of the world’s population (International Organization for Migration [IOM] 2019). Like many Organization for Economic Development (OECD) countries, Canada ranks as a top destination for international migrants. Likewise, it relies on immigration to drive population and economic growth. The country’s long-established labour migration program has been designed and modified over time to attract highly skilled, highly educated immigrants who are more likely to succeed in the labour market. As a result, the migrant population is one of the highest educated in the OECD (OECD 2019). Yet, evidence suggests that new ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: We are pleased to introduce a new section of Canadian Ethnic Studies which will appear periodically in future issues. This new section is entitled Review Articles and will comprise of peer-reviewed knowledge synthesis articles such as scoping reviews, systematic reviews and narrative reviews.The genesis and turning point for the funding of knowledge synthesis research in Canada occurred at the turn of the century with a collaboration between the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the former Policy Research Secretariat to create the Project on Trends1 in 1998 and 1999. Approximately 60 Canadian scholars belonging to eight research teams provided a knowledge synthesis for topics that had ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: For the past 145 years, Canada’s oldest assimilative policy, the Indian Act (the ‘Act’) has dominated and dictated Indigenous identity. Using the Act as the main framework for analysis, Canadian historians Mary-Ellen Kelm and Keith D. Smith provide valuable insights into the gross injustices of the legislation on Indigenous peoples, in the form of residential schools, gender bias, stolen land and self-governance. The very title symbolizes ‘talking back’ to those sections of the Indian Act which have historically oppressed Indigenous Canadians, and continue to do so.The main aims of this ‘textbook’ are three-fold: (1) to provide a deeper understanding of the Act through an historical and legislative lens; (2) to ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Research demonstrates that Black students face many challenges in the mainstream North American K-12 education system (Hamilton-Hinch et al. 2021; James and Turner 2017; McPherson 2020; Shizha et al. 2020). In Canada, many of these students have arrived from countries across Africa as refugees, immigrants, or the children or grandchildren of African immigrants (Abdi and Ibrahim 2016; Statistics Canada 2019). Some scholars argue that the challenges first-, second-, and third-generation African students face result in unsatisfactory educational outcomes, demonstrated by low graduation and postsecondary transition rates (James et al. 2017; Shizha et al. 2020). Many school boards do not disseminate statistics on ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The number of international migrants is estimated at 281 million, representing about 3.6% of the total global population (International Organization for Migration 2020). Foreign-born residents in all countries constitute up to 128 million more than what was recorded in 1990, and over three times the estimate in 1970 (ibid.). The majority of these global migrants make their way to Europe (87 million), Asia (86 million), and North America (59 million) (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs 2021). According to the 2016 Census, more than 7.5 million foreign-born individuals had come to Canada through the immigration process, representing over one-fifth (21.9%) of Canada’s total population. 2017 ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Black history in Canada is rich, spanning many centuries, and it is tied to the transatlantic slave trade, with the first documented Black immigrant arriving in 1608 (“Black History in Canada” 2021; Pachai 1987; Walker 1980; Winks 1997). In this article, we use Black to describe individuals living in Canada who are of African descent and self-identify as Black. Thousands of Black people arrived in Canada as slaves throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth, and early nineteenth centuries, until 1834, when slavery was made fully illegal (“Black History in Canada” 2021; Brand 1991). There was a significant influx of about 3,000 slaves and free Blacks who were loyalists to the British Crown following the American War of ... Read More PubDate: 2022-08-08T00:00:00-05:00
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