Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles) ISSN (Print) 0037-7732 - ISSN (Online) 1534-7605 Published by Oxford University Press[424 journals]
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Pages: 1033 - 1047 Abstract: Selected references from this article are available for free public access for 3 months: Waite and Moore (1978) https://doi.org/10.2307/2577222; Thomson, Hanson and McLanahan (1994) https://doi.org/10.2307/2579924; Cavanagh and Huston (2006) https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2006.0120; Rybińska and Morgan (2019) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soy098; Lappegård and Kornstad (2020) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz124. PubDate: Fri, 13 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac126 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2023)
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Pages: 1048 - 1059 Abstract: Selected references from this article are available for free public access for 3 months: Hiers, Soehl, and Wimmer (2017) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sox045; Kurien (2006) https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2007.0015; Park, Lai, and Waldinger (2021) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soab130; Paul (2015) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sov049; Ponce (2019) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soy111. PubDate: Fri, 13 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac101 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2023)
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Pages: 1060 - 1068 Abstract: Selected references from this article are available for free public access for 3 months: Nichols (1923) https://doi.org/10.2307/3005177; Odum (1927) https://doi.org/10.2307/3004625; Stout (1936) https://doi.org/10.2307/2570959; Jones (1945) https://doi.org/10.2307/2571517; Atkinson (2001) https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2001.0029. PubDate: Fri, 13 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac107 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2023)
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Pages: 1069 - 1080 Abstract: Selected references from this article are available for free public access for 3 months: Hagood (1943) https://doi.org/10.2307/2570665; Labovitz (1967) https://doi.org/10.2307/2574595; Lieberson (1991) https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/70.2.307 and Oliver et al. (2005) https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2006.0023. PubDate: Fri, 13 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac133 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2023)
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Abstract: Review of “Studying Lived Religion: Contexts and Practices” By Nancy Tatom Ammerman NYU Press, 2021. 272 pages. https://nyupress.org/9781479804344/studying-lived-religion/ PubDate: Sat, 03 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac129 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Pallavi Banerjee New York: NYU Press. 2022. 336 pages. (ISBN: 978-1479852918). https://nyupress/org/9781479852918/the-opportunity-trap/ PubDate: Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac127 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Time for Things: Labor, Leisure, and the Rise of Mass Consumption” By Stephen D. Rosenberg Harvard University Press, 2021. 368 pages. https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php'isbn=9780674979512 PubDate: Tue, 29 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac130 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Max Holleran Princeton University Press, 2022, 216 pages. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691200224/yes-to-the-city PubDate: Fri, 25 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac131 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Elizabeth Popp Berman Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 2022, 344 pages. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691167381/thinking-like-an-economist PubDate: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac128 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Melinda A. Mills NYU Press, 2021, 312 pages. https://nyupress.org/9781479802418/the-colors-of-love/ PubDate: Tue, 01 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac117 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Phi Hong Su Stanford University Press, 2022. 216 pages. https://www.sup.org/books/precart/'id=32854 PubDate: Tue, 01 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac118 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Ken Plummer Polity Press, 2021, 224 pages. https://www.politybooks.com/bookdetail'book_slug=critical-humanism-a-manifesto-for-the-21st-century--9781509527946 PubDate: Tue, 01 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac119 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Katie L. Acosta New York University Press, 2021. 272 pages. https://nyupress.org/9781479800988/queer-stepfamilies/. ISBN: 9781479800988. PubDate: Wed, 26 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac116 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Dead Reckoning: Air Traffic Control, System Effects, and Risk” By Diane Vaughan The University of Chicago Press, 2021. 640 pages. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/D/bo95833511.html PubDate: Fri, 14 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac110 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Second-Class Daughters: Black Brazilian Women and Informal Adoption as Modern Slavery” By Elizabeth Hordge-Freeman Cambridge University Press, 2022. 271 pages. https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/history/latin-american-history/second-class-daughters-black-brazilian-women-and-informal-adoption-modern-slavery PubDate: Sat, 08 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac111 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Exhuming Violent Histories: Forensics, Memory, and Rewriting Spain’s Past” By Nicole Iturriaga Columbia University Press, 2022, 256 pages. http://cup.columbia.edu/book/exhuming-violent-histories/9780231201131 PubDate: Sat, 08 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac109 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Food Allergy Advocacy: Parenting and the Politics of Care” By Danya GlabauUniversity of Minnesota Press, 2022. 288 pages. https://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/food-allergy-advocacy PubDate: Fri, 07 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac112 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Book Review of “School Zone: A Problem Analysis of Student Offending and Victimization” By Pamela Wilcox, Graham C. Ousey, Marie Skubak Tillyer 2022. School Zone: A Problem Analysis of Student Offending and Victimization. Philadelphia:Temple University Press, 2022 (ISBN: 978-1-4399-2037-4) 242 pages https://tupress.temple.edu/book/20000000010048. PubDate: Thu, 29 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac108 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Automation is a Myth” By Luke Munn Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press, 2022, 184 pages. https://www.sup.org/books/title/'id=34899 PubDate: Thu, 29 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac105 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Work, Pray, Code: When Work Becomes Religion in Silicon Valley” By Carolyn Chen Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2022. 272 pages. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691219080/work-pray-code PubDate: Thu, 22 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac106 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “What Is Sexual Capital'” By Dana Kaplan and Eva Illouz Polity Press. 2022, 140 pages. https://www.politybooks.com/bookdetail'book_slug=what-is-sexual-capital--9781509552313 PubDate: Fri, 16 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac104 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Aliya Hamid Rao University of California Press, 2020, 308 pages. https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520298613/crunch-time PubDate: Wed, 14 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac096 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Grasping for the American Dream: Racial Segregation, Social Mobility, and Homeownership” By Nora E. Taplin-Kaguru Routledge, 2021. 158 Pages GBP £26.99. ISBN: 978-0-367-07592-7 (hbk), ISBN: 978-0-367-07594-1 (pbk) $36.95, ISBN: 978-0-429-02146-6 (ebk), https://www.routledge.com/Grasping-for-the-American-Dream-Racial-Segregation-Social-Mobility-and/Taplin-Kaguru/p/book/9780367075941 PubDate: Tue, 06 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac094 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: Review of “Wine Markets: Genres and Identities” By Giacomo Negro, Michael T. Hannan, Susan Olzak Columbia University Press, New York. 2022, 280 pages. https://cup.columbia.edu/book/wine-markets/9780231203715 PubDate: Sun, 04 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac093 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Abstract: By Cassidy Puckett University of Chicago Press, 2022. 320 pages. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/R/bo137270726.html PubDate: Thu, 25 Aug 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac092 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1081 - 1115 Abstract: AbstractMany people in the United States have achieved economic stability through self-employment and are often seen as embracing the entrepreneurial spirit and seizing opportunity. Yet, research also suggests that self-employment may be precarious for many people in the lower socioeconomic strata. Drawing on a unique dataset that combines longitudinal survey data with administrative tax data for a sample of low- and moderate-income (LMI) workers, we bring new evidence to bear on this debate by examining the link between self-employment and economic insecurity. Overall, our results show that self-employment is associated with greater economic insecurity among LMI workers compared with wage-and-salary employment. For instance, compared with their wage-and-salary counterparts, the self-employed have 78, 168, and 287 percent greater odds of having an income below basic expenses, and experiencing an unexpected income decline and high levels of income volatility, respectively. We also find that differences in financial endowment and access to health insurance are key drivers in explaining the relationship between employment type and economic insecurity, as being able to access $2,000 in an emergency greatly lowers the odds of budgetary constraint, whereas lack of health insurance increases those odds. These findings suggest that formal work arrangements with wages and benefits offered by an employer promotes greater economic stability among LMI workers compared with informal work arrangements via self-employment. We discuss implications of these results for future research and policy initiatives seeking to promote economic wellbeing through entrepreneurship. PubDate: Mon, 07 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soab171 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1116 - 1142 Abstract: AbstractCompanies evaluate LGBT policy adoption in an environment with competing and often contradictory societal institutions and ethical frames. This makes the adoption process more difficult to understand when compared to new practice diffusion in less contested settings, providing an opportunity to examine diffusion in an uncertain and varying institutional environment. Herein, we develop a policy adoption model that examines both competing and reinforcing forces. Utilizing a longitudinal dataset of LGBT policy adoption by 283 firms across 1980 firm-years between 2002 and 2014 as measured by the Human Rights Campaign (HRC), we find that firms respond to coercive, social constructivist, and competitive forces for and against LGBT-inclusive work policy adoption. We find that coercive forces exercised by shareholder resolutions and competitive forces driven by industry-level policy adoption lead to firm-level policy adoption. However, other forces, such as state-level anti-marriage equality constitutional amendments, are associated with LGBT-exclusive policies. We also disaggregate the overall HRC policy data into equal employment opportunity (EEO) policy, benefits, and inclusion dimensions and find similarities and differences among our hypothesized relationships. PubDate: Sat, 23 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac033 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1143 - 1170 Abstract: AbstractDespite decades of progress toward gender equality, women remain as the United States’ primary caregivers. Past research has shown how couples and families organize care at distinct life course moments but has not studied how these moments combine to create differences in men and women’s full life courses of caregiving. In this article, I look beyond negotiations within households to introduce a complementary demographic explanation for the gender gap in caregiving—women’s greater likelihood to reside with dependents. A focus on patterns of coresidence is warranted, given the growing diversity of family forms, which may expose women to additional and varied care demands at differing ages. Drawing on data from the 2011 to 2019 American Time Use Surveys, I study how coresidential care demands shape the population gender gap in childcare and eldercare across ages 20–79 and how demands differ for Black, White, and Latina/o women and men. My results show that coresidence with dependents is uneven across the life course, and women’s exposures occur early and late in adulthood, while men are exposed to more care demands in midlife. Patterns of childbearing, partnership, and extended family embeddedness contribute to Black and Latina women’s greater exposure to care demands early in adulthood and White women’s greater exposure to care demands later in the life course. Thus, despite growing egalitarianism within households, the rise of complex families contributes to bolstering population-level gender inequality in caregiving across adulthood. PubDate: Mon, 09 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac041 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1171 - 1198 Abstract: AbstractDo mothers experience worse work–family conflicts compared with fathers' Yes, according to trenchant and influential qualitative studies that illuminate mothers’ deeply felt problems from work demands that intrude into family life. No, suggest studies employing representative samples of employed parents that show mothers’ and fathers’ have similar work-to-family conflict. We assess these paradoxical depictions of parents’ lives using panel data from the national Canadian Work, Stress and Health study (2011–2019). We argue that comparable reports from men and women are misleading because they overlook mothers’ adjustment of work hours in the face of high conflict. As evidence, we reveal a gender suppression effect whereby mothers report higher conflict than fathers when adjusting for work hours in the baseline sample. Next, we show that mothers are more likely to leave paid work because of conflict. In fact, they are three times more likely than fathers to leave because of conflict’s focal predictor—having young children. These findings reflect mothers’ adjustment to the conflict they might already experience or anticipate. We use pooled person-year data and fixed-effects regression with logit specification to estimate the hazard of not working at the next wave by gender. We underscore the selection of some mothers into surveys or subsequent waves because it excludes those who systematically dropped out due to higher conflict and its primary predictor of having young children. We argue the observed “gender symmetry” of conflict is an artifact and illustrate the importance of theorizing stress processes over time to understand contradictory work–family conflict scholarship. PubDate: Mon, 21 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac015 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1199 - 1229 Abstract: AbstractPopulist voices argue that Muslim migrants’ religion would cause them to denounce all aspects of women’s equality and sexual liberalization, no matter how long migrants have lived in Western Europe. Previous quantitative studies have refuted claims that Islamic religiosity necessarily begets gender traditionalism and that migrants would not become more progressive over time. However, existing studies have not yet addressed the assumption of uniformity in “gender egalitarianism.” The present study argues that individuals’ religiosity and acculturation over time shape support for public-sphere equality, progressive family role divisions, and sexual liberalization in different ways. EURISLAM data on 4,000 Muslim migrants show that different gender values are indeed driven by varying mechanisms and develop differently. Over time and generations, Muslim migrants’ support for public-sphere equality and sexual liberalization swell, but their support for progressive family roles dwindles. Religiosity hardly reduces support for public-sphere equality, more strongly curbs progressive family roles, and most strongly stifles sexual liberalization. These differences magnify over the years after migration; religiosity’s already weak and inconsistent obstruction to public-sphere equality further dulls, while its stronger opposition to sexual liberalization intensifies. Altogether, varying gender values differ to such an extent that any conclusion on “the gender traditionalism” of Muslim migrants should be viewed suspiciously. PubDate: Wed, 09 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac004 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1230 - 1257 Abstract: AbstractMost scholars, parents, and educators agree that parental involvement is beneficial for children’s academic and developmental outcomes. However, a small but growing body of scholarship suggests that intensive parental involvement may potentially hinder children’s development. In this study, we examine the “more is less” assumption in parental involvement research and formally test the argument of parental overinvolvement. Using nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999 (ECLS-K), we examine whether high levels of involvement are associated with unintended negative child development in elementary school. Analyses based on curvilinear mixed effects models show that elevated parental expectations, intensive participation in extracurricular activities, and increased parental school involvement are associated with diminishing returns to children’s outcomes. The most meaningful parental overinvolvement pattern is found for internalizing problems. These patterns are generally consistent for children from all socioeconomic levels. We conclude with a discussion of the research and policy implications of these findings. PubDate: Thu, 03 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac001 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1258 - 1287 Abstract: AbstractThis study examines the effects of undergraduate financing on subsequent advanced degree attainment in a context characterized by a shift away from traditional grant aid programs and toward widespread student loans. Using data from the National Survey of College Graduates, 2SLS Lewbel method regressions estimate the effects of having received undergraduate grant aid and having student loan debt on the chances of attaining an advanced degree during the next ten years. Results suggest a large positive influence of receiving undergraduate grant aid on advanced degree attainment (+8.5%), thus boosting higher education attainment far beyond only an undergraduate degree across college graduation cohorts between 1986 and 2007. Conversely, having loan debt upon college graduation affected the chances of advanced degree attainment negatively. The increased reliance on loans during undergraduate studies coincided with its long-term (or “spillover”) effect on advanced degree attainment being null in the late 1980s to a substantive deficit of more than 4 percentage—points from the 2000s onward. Counterfactual projection models suggest that loan-taking after the 1992 Higher Education Act suppressed the number of advanced degree holders in the US labor market and will continue to do so given current undergraduate financing patterns. PubDate: Mon, 30 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac044 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1288 - 1320 Abstract: AbstractThere is currently a mismatch between the theoretical expectations of peer effects held by many scholars and the quantitative empirical literature. This paper contributes to the understanding of peer effects by highlighting the oft-overlooked conceptual distinction between social influences and a well-defined causal effect; peers may influence one another via several potentially contradicting mechanisms that result in small overall causal peer effects on educational outcomes. We exploit the idiosyncratic variation in gender composition across cohorts within schools to study offsetting mechanisms. Using population-wide Norwegian register and survey data, we find two distinct ways in which the share of girls in lower secondary schools (grades 8–10) affects academic outcomes. First, more girl peers improve the learning environment at school. Simultaneously, however, more girl peers reduce the students’ motivation for schoolwork. Such results suggest that peer effects stem from a complex process where various mechanisms are at odds with one another, and where the influence of peers on academic outcomes is a composite of different mechanisms. Overall, we find that more girl peers lower students’ school grades and reduce students’ likelihood of attending an academic track in upper secondary school (which qualifies for higher education). Supplementary analyses suggest that the achievement level of girls is the main reason for the gender peer effects found in our study. PubDate: Sat, 02 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac023 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1321 - 1342 Abstract: AbstractFormer President Trump’s election and subsequent anti-immigrant policy initiatives brought an unprecedented sense of uncertainty for undocumented immigrants. This is particularly true for those who had experienced expanding opportunities through the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) executive action signed by former President Obama in 2012. We use in-depth interviews with undocumented young adults to explore how the 2016 presidential election and 2017 executive action that rescinded DACA evoked emotions of anticipatory loss—including sadness and grief—and ontological insecurity—including anxiety and uncertainty. We adopt an interpretive and social constructionist approach to explore these emotions and their implications, demonstrating how even the threat of policy change impacts immigrant young adults’ societal incorporation. We illustrate how DACA recipients conceptualized loss and how these experiences manifested in educational attainment, labor market incorporation, feelings of belonging, and civic participation. Our study provides an innovative contribution to interpret in real-time the incorporation trajectories through the emotions of living with precarious legal status. PubDate: Thu, 23 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac056 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1396 - 1421 Abstract: AbstractIn adolescence, teens manage close friendships while simultaneously evaluating their social position in the larger peer context. Conceptualizing distinct local and global network structures clarifies how social integration relates to mental wellbeing. Examining local cohesion and global embeddedness in the context of key factors related to mental health, such as gender and friends’ depression, can further distinguish when the structure and content of social integration relate to higher and lower depressive levels. Analyses using survey data from PROSPER (n = 27,091, grades 9–12) indicate global embeddedness is generally protective, but for girls, greater global embeddedness when friends are more depressive is associated with increased depressive symptoms. For girls, greater local cohesion reduces associations between more depressive friends and increased depressive levels, while for boys, both local cohesion and friends’ depression are largely irrelevant. Results indicate the importance of considering both local and global network integration in tandem with gender and friends’ depression to understand how social integration relates to mental health. PubDate: Mon, 18 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac034 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1422 - 1459 Abstract: AbstractPrior research has documented an association between adolescents’ romantic experiences and poor emotional health. However, lack of intensive longitudinal measurement and an emphasis on negative affect have limited understanding about the extent to which adolescent relationship quality influences the emotional health of adolescents in partnerships, including the potential benefits of high-quality partnerships. Previous research has also been limited in its ability to account for factors that select adolescents into lower or higher quality partnerships. Using biweekly intensive longitudinal data from the mDiary Study of Adolescent Relationships linked to six waves of birth cohort data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, this paper uses multilevel mixed-effects models to address three questions: (1) How are changes in partnership quality (defined as validation, frequency of disagreements, and global quality) associated with changes in both positive and negative affect; (2) Do observed associations persist net of factors that potentially select adolescents into lower or higher quality partnerships (e.g., childhood family experiences); and (3) Do associations between partnership quality and affect differ by gender' Results show that higher quality partnerships are associated with both decreases in negative affect and increases in positive affect. There were no significant gender differences on average. The study’s findings highlight the importance of partnership quality as a key source of temporal variation in adolescents’ emotional states. PubDate: Thu, 19 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac043 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1460 - 1484 Abstract: AbstractHomeownership is expected to provide a wide range of social benefits. However, the empirical evidence for causation is weak, and knowledge beyond Western countries is even more limited. This article investigates how homeownership affects life satisfaction and subjective class identification in Hong Kong. The Home Ownership Scheme, a large-scale subsidized homeownership program based on a random draw, represents a quasi-experimental setting to identify the causal impact of homeownership. Based on the analyses of data from four waves of the Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics (HKPSSD) and instrumental variable estimation, we show that homeownership significantly improves life satisfaction among Hong Kong adults, and that those who own a home deem themselves as belonging to a higher social class. This study contributes to the understanding of homeownership effects by providing causal evidence from a Chinese society and sheds light on the effectiveness of housing policies that aim to promote homeownership in Hong Kong and beyond. PubDate: Thu, 17 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac011 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1485 - 1518 Abstract: AbstractScarring effects of unemployment on subjective well-being (SWB), i.e., negative effects that remain even after workers reenter employment, are well documented in the literature. Nevertheless, the theoretical mechanisms by which unemployment leads to long-lasting negative consequences for SWB are still under debate. Thus, we theorize that unemployment can have an enduring impact mainly through (1) the experience of unemployment as an incisive life event and (2) unemployment as a driver of future unemployment. In the empirical part, we focus on one important dimension of SWB: overall life satisfaction. Based on advanced longitudinal modeling that controls for group-specific trends, we estimate scarring through unemployment using the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Our results consistently show a large negative effect of unemployment on life satisfaction as well as significant scarring effects that last at least 5 years after reemployment for both men and women as well as for short- and long-term unemployment spells. Further analyses reveal that repeated periods of unemployment drive these effects and cause even longer lasting scarring, implying that there are hardly any adaptations to unemployment that buffer its effect on life satisfaction. We conclude that scarring effects mainly work through repeated episodes of unemployment. Regarding policy implications, our findings suggest that preventing unemployment, regardless of its duration, is beneficial for individual well-being not only in the short term. PubDate: Tue, 15 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac022 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1519 - 1551 Abstract: AbstractWe present evidence on a social mechanism of legitimation—ideological inversion—proposing that a fantasy consensus deters collective actions oriented toward social change, even in contexts were individuals support transformations. This fantasy consensus emerges as individuals infer the order’s validity mainly from the practices of others, which are largely constrained by social structures. Relying on a factorial survey experiment conducted in Chile, our results support the two main hypotheses from ideological inversion: people systematically overestimate the support for the status quo, and this overestimation has a deterrent effect on collective actions oriented toward social change. We argue that ideological inversion helps explain how legitimation crises often remain hidden, and therefore how political crisis often emerge abruptly. For instance, before the revolt of 2019 Chile was perceived as an example of social stability within Latin America, yet after an ordinary subway fare hike the country erupted in an unrelenting and massive wave of protests. Our findings suggest that the social support for the status quo previously perceived in Chile was a fantasy consensus enforced by constrained practices, and that this fantasy was very effective until recently in deterring social change. Ideological inversion thus provides a mechanism that contributes to explain the stability of social structures and inequalities regardless of individual dispositions or shared norms. PubDate: Sun, 03 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac032 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1552 - 1579 Abstract: AbstractIn everyday interactions with one another, speakers not only say things but also do things like offer, complain, reject, and compliment. Through observation, it is possible to see that much of the time people unproblematically understand what others are doing. Research on conversation has further documented how speakers’ word choice, prosody, grammar, and gesture all help others to recognize what actions they are performing. In this study, we rely on spontaneous naturally occurring conversational data where people have trouble making their actions understood to examine what leads to ambiguous actions, bringing together prior research and identifying recurrent types of ambiguity that hinge on different dimensions of social action. We then discuss the range of costs and benefits for social actors when actions are clear versus ambiguous. Finally, we offer a conceptual model of how, at a microlevel, action ascription is done. Actions in interaction are building blocks for social relations; at each turn, an action can strengthen or strain the bond between two individuals. Thus, a unified theory of action ascription at a microlevel is an essential component for broader theories of social action and of how social actions produce, maintain, and revise the social world. PubDate: Sun, 10 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac021 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1580 - 1605 Abstract: AbstractResearchers have produced important findings regarding the types of stigma associated with nonreligion, particularly atheism. However, while numerous studies analyze who is more or less likely to identify as an atheist given that stigma, less is known about how self-identified atheists manage the stigma associated with their identity. This study uses new survey data from a nationally representative sample of US adults, with an oversample of individuals identifying as atheists, to examine the predictors of and connections between atheists’ perceptions of hostility toward their identities and whether they conceal those identities. Contrary to our expectations, we find no association between atheists’ perceived hostility toward their identity and concealment of that identity. We do find, however, that atheists in some social locations report higher levels of identity concealment, particularly those who identify as women, those who identify as Republican, those who live in the South, and those who were raised in a religion or still attend religious services. Our findings suggest that atheists who feel like social or institutional outsiders are more likely to conceal their identity. Our findings also suggest that affirming an atheist identity may buffer some of the negative effects of atheist stigma. These findings have implications for how researchers understand the context-specific nature of religious discrimination, as well as implications for research on stigma management and the ways that the shifting religious and political landscape in the United States shapes the expression of atheist identities. PubDate: Sat, 08 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soab165 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1606 - 1606 Abstract: In the originally published version of this manuscript, there were errors in some tables and the supplementary appendix. A line of data was duplicated in Table 2, standard errors were omitted from a line in Table 3, and the wrong supplementary file was uploaded in place of the appendix. These errors have been corrected. The publisher apologizes for these errors. PubDate: Wed, 09 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac014 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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Pages: 1607 - 1607 Abstract: In the originally published version of this manuscript, it was stated that the total number of Guatemalan respondents who originated from the rural highlands and identified as Indigenous was 34 (71 percent). This has been corrected to state the number is 36 (or 75 percent). PubDate: Mon, 28 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/sf/soac026 Issue No:Vol. 101, No. 3 (2022)
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