Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- The Relationship between Ninth Graders’ Perceptions of Teacher Equity
and Their Math Identity: Differences by Student Race and School Racial Composition-
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Authors: Dara Shifrer, Kate Phillippo, Ned Tilbrook, Karisma Morton Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. Using data on ninth graders, math teachers, and schools from the nationally representative High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, we investigate the following questions: (1) How do ninth graders’ perceptions of their math teachers as equitable relate to their math identity at the intersection of adolescents’ race and gender' and (2) Do differences in the percentage of students at the school who share the adolescent’s race moderate (i.e., differentiate) the salience of perceptions of math teachers for adolescents’ math identities' Our results suggest that adolescents who perceive their math teachers as equitable typically have higher levels of math identity regardless of their race or gender. Adolescents’ perceptions of their math teachers as equitable are most salient for adolescents’ math identity in racially diverse schools, where racial differences and stereotypes may be more visible. Findings also indicate the seeming resistance of Black youth to racist stereotypes, whose math identity remains high regardless of their perceptions of their teachers. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2023-01-21T12:16:55Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221149016
- Does Cumulative Exposure to High-Poverty Schools Widen Test-Score
Inequality'-
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Authors: William Carbonaro, Douglas L. Lauen, Brian L. Levy Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. Although there is an abundance of research on the association of school poverty (or socioeconomic status) and test score level, there is very little rigorous longitudinal evidence on the cumulative effects of exposure to differing school contexts. Drawing from methods used first in epidemiology and then in neighborhood effects research, we use population-level longitudinal data from North Carolina to estimate a structural nested mean model that permits proper adjustment for time-varying confounding. Unlike panel data studies using student fixed effects, which often report close to null findings, we find evidence of modest but significant negative effects of school poverty composition on eighth-grade reading and math test scores in models that control for third-grade test scores and baseline treatment status. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2023-01-17T12:48:41Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221147889
- Global Determinants of Education Reform, 1960 to 2017
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Authors: Patricia Bromley, Jared Furuta, Rie Kijima, Lisa Overbey, Minju Choi, Heitor Santos Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. Since post-World War II and especially throughout the 1990s, the globalization of a liberal international order propelled a wave of education reforms around the world. However, recent challenges to the legitimacy of the liberal order may undercut the prevalence of education reform across countries. To reveal how global changes are influencing education, we draw on a newly constructed data set of 6,696 education reforms in 147 countries from 1960 to 2017. Using dynamic negative binomial panel regression models, we find declining levels of reform in recent decades. We also find evidence of changing dynamics of influence among prominent organizational actors: World Bank lending is less associated with education reform over time, whereas the influence of international nongovernmental organizations has grown. This suggests a shifting system of governance, where formal coercive pressures become less palatable and the normative influences of civil society grow stronger. Overall, our findings indicate that education reform arises as a macro-global process as much as a response to local needs and conditions. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2023-01-06T05:51:25Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221146773
- Equalization or Reproduction' “Some College” and the Social
Function of Higher Education-
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Authors: Sarah S. C. Payne Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. What are the economic consequences of college noncompletion' Given escalating student debt, is “some college” still worth it' This article applies augmented inverse probability weighting to the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to estimate the causal effect of college noncompletion on income and financial hardship. Although noncompletion yields higher income than never attending college, it also increases financial hardship among more-disadvantaged groups through the mechanism of student debt. However, noncompleters of most groups would have had greater income and experienced less financial hardship had they graduated. Such contradictions complicate equalization and reproduction theories of higher education because higher education appears to have both equalizing (in the case of completion) and reproductive (in the case of noncompletion) effects. I argue this ambiguity is substantively meaningful, suggesting future research should examine whether the production of ambiguity constitutes a key social function of higher education. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2022-12-01T08:46:28Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221134809
- “As Diverse as Possible”: How Universities Compromise
Multiracial Identities-
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Authors: Sonia Giebel First page: 1 Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. U.S. colleges and universities are under increasing pressure to appear racially diverse, but have yet to account systematically for a quickly growing contingent of multiracial-identifying students. Drawing on interviews with multiracial-identifying undergraduates at Western University, I demonstrate how everyday university practices compromise multiracial identities in the pursuit of diversity. The term compromise carries dual meaning, referring to instances where Western refashioned multiracial identities into monoracial ones and instances where multiracial-identifying students were in compromised positions. Participants inferred how their identities might be most useful to the university in appearing diverse, leading them to question their belonging and even recast their identities accordingly. These interactions occurred across organizational contexts, including dorms, community centers, and classrooms. Persistent organizational representations of diversity in monoracial terms communicates to students that multiracial identities are both a challenge to accommodate and of potential utility to institutions seeking to appear as diverse as possible. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2022-12-03T09:22:46Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221139180
- Race, Cultural Capital, and School Achievement in Race-Blind France
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Authors: Sonia Planson First page: 19 Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. Scholarship examining the role of cultural capital in school outcomes in relation to race and ethnicity in the French context is scarce. This article seeks to test how various potential forms of cultural capital, beyond the most traditional ones, are associated with school grades relationally with French students’ backgrounds. Using Ministry of Education data to perform regression analyses on old and new forms of cultural capital, I find some evidence of differences in their association with grades. Reading, internet, documentaries, sport, and music practice are all associated with higher school grades, but less so for Haiti and overseas- origin children for four practices out of five. This study contributes to research on ethnic/racial inequalities in the French school system and to broader conversations around the contemporary redefinition of cultural capital by showing that racial inequalities can be reproduced in schools through a wide array of cultural practices. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2022-12-13T01:55:40Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221139220
- Social Origin and Access to Top Occupations among the Highest Educated in
the United Kingdom-
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Authors: Jung In, Richard Breen First page: 43 Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. U.S. studies have found that stratified graduate education accounts for most of the relatively strong intergenerational socioeconomic association among postgraduate degree holders. The same association has been observed, but not explained, in countries with higher education systems that differ from that of the United States. We explore the mediation role of undergraduate- and graduate-level stratification in accounting for the intergenerational occupational association among postgraduate degree holders in the United Kingdom. We find that the unequal distribution of undergraduate-level education and path dependency between undergraduate- and graduate-level stratification help to give rise to an unequal occupational outcome by social origin among postgraduate degree holders. We explain this by the tight coupling of undergraduate and graduate education in the United Kingdom. Our analysis also illustrates the need to go beyond graduate education in understanding social origin inequality among postgraduate degree holders to examine the role of undergraduate education and how it is linked to graduate education. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2022-09-29T07:55:03Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221128527
- Income-Based Gaps in College-Going Activities: High School Classes of 1992
and 2004-
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Authors: Preeya Pandya Mbekeani First page: 62 Abstract: Sociology of Education, Ahead of Print. There has been widespread concern about widening disparities in parental investments that may be associated with widening gaps in educational attainment. Using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 and the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, this study examines parents’ investments and engagement in the college-going process for two cohorts of high school students, focusing on adolescents from low- and high-income families. Between the high school classes of 1992 and 2004, income gaps widened in financial preparation for postsecondary education expenses and student college-admissions test-preparation. In contrast, the income gap in parents-child conversations about the college-going process narrowed, due to a larger increase among low-income parents. I examined potential explanations for growing gaps and found evidence supporting both rising income inequality and changing associations between income and college-going activities. Implications for educational attainment gaps are discussed. Citation: Sociology of Education PubDate: 2022-11-28T08:39:22Z DOI: 10.1177/00380407221138051
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