 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- The Problem of Class Abstractionism
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Authors: Michael A. McCarthy, Mathieu Hikaru Desan
First page: 3
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
With renewed interest in Marxism, class is back on the intellectual agenda. But so too is the familiar charge of “class reductionism.” This charge conflates two distinct claims regarding what we term the structural and political primacy of class. Structural primacy refers to the determinant role of class in social explanation, whereas political primacy refers to its centrality in radical politics. Crossing these distinct claims, we identify four possible positions on the primacy of class. Here, we focus on the two that affirm the structural primacy of class. What we call “class abstractionism,” which presumes to derive the political primacy of class from an account of its structural primacy, ultimately relies on an abstract conception of class that effectively presupposes its political primacy. In contrast, a more adequate account of structural primacy—what we call “class dynamism”—requires us to abandon the presupposition of class’s necessary political primacy.
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2023-02-01T10:21:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751231152489
- The Problem of Infinite Regress: A Stopping Rules Approach
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Authors: Ajay Verghese
First page: 27
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
How can social scientists uncover the root causes of contemporary outcomes' Many scholars have assumed that a problem associated with identifying root causes—the problem of infinite regress—poses a central impediment to this endeavor. However, few have attempted to clearly conceptualize infinite regress or offer more than solutions in passing. This article undertakes the challenge. I begin by conceptualizing infinite regress as the potentially endless cycle initiated when assessing the relative weight of proximate versus antecedent causes in a causal chain. Next, how do we weigh causes in such causal chains' I build on Mahoney, Kimball, and Koivu’s “sequence elaboration” method, and argue that this method is best suited to approach the problem. Yet, sequence elaboration cannot tell us when to stop our search. How do we know we have arrived at a root cause' I evaluate six potential “stopping rules” using various historical examples and suggest that three of these offer coherent possible solutions: the “critical juncture stopping rule,” the “necessary and sufficient cause stopping rule,” and the “mechanism stopping rule.”
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2023-01-12T09:44:51Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751221142929
- Mating Call, Dog Whistle, Trigger: Asymmetric Alignments, Race, and the
Use of Reactionary Religious Rhetoric in American Politics-
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Authors: Samuel L. Perry
First page: 56
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
Asymmetric social alignments are transforming American partisan rhetoric, particularly how politicians leverage identity-based appeals. For example, asymmetric religious, racial, and ideological alignments within the Republican party now make reactionary religious rhetoric increasingly strategic. Focusing on that case, I propose a novel conceptual model to understand what such rhetoric aims to accomplish. Reactionary religious rhetoric advertises, appeals, and activates on a spectrum from overt to subconscious registers, which I explain using three metaphors: mating call, dog whistle, and trigger. Within a context of asymmetrical partisan “sorting,” Christian nationalist rhetoric overtly advertises partisanship (mating call). Rhetoric deploying encoded terms like “Christian” and “socialist” appeals to ethno-culture, connecting specific political opponents to abstract ethno-religious threats (dog whistle). Lastly, research on overlapping identities increasingly suggests rhetoric involving threats to “Christianity” may unconsciously activate White racial threat (trigger). I consider applications of this conceptual model to growing political appeals to nationalist and populist identities.
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2023-02-03T12:34:50Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751231153664
- “All the Old Illusions”: On Guessing at Being in Crisis
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Authors: Ioana Sendroiu
First page: 297
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
Models of culture and action argue that crises can be generative of change, with changing contexts setting off reflexivity—a view of crisis as self-evident that is echoed in comparative historical work. Looking to the beginning of the Cold War in Romania and France, this article elaborates two instances when crises did not produce reflexive recognition. This echoes performative approaches that highlight actors needing to interpret crises into being yet underscores that crisis claims nonetheless take place in contexts potentially marked by shifting sociocultural scaffoldings. Rooted in the empirical finding that actors can live through—and be affected by—structural transformations without thinking of themselves as being in crisis, I put forward a conception of crises as unclear as they are taking place. Actors can guess at being or not being in crisis, with no guarantee their guess is fortuitous. Crisis management will be the result of these guesses: some informed, some lucky—and some, indeed, disastrous.
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2022-07-20T11:35:49Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751221113019
- Signs and Their Temporality: The Performative Power of Interpretation in
the Supreme Court-
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Authors: Abigail Cary Moore
First page: 322
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
Building on pragmatist uses of semiotics as a heuristic for understanding social interaction, this article argues that temporality is a significant and undertheorized component of signs and their interpretation. Using transcripts from the oral argumentation of a Supreme Court case, I examine how different interpretations of the same sign (a burning cross) rely not only on differing understandings of the sign’s object and how that object is signified but also, more specifically, differing understandings of the sign’s relationship to the past, present, and future.
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2022-07-11T11:54:03Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751221110240
- Interpellative Styles: Choreographies of Identity Disruptions and Repairs
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Authors: Taylor Paige Winfield
First page: 342
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
Drawing on ethnographic research with two Orthodox Jewish outreach organizations, this article conceptualizes interpellative styles and offers a framework to analyze how styles are variously situated, mediated, performed, and disruptive. I mobilize a micro-interactional approach to parse out how these four dimensions shape ideological recruitment and their roles in the choreographies of identity disruptions and repairs. The two case studies illuminate why and how groups deploy different interpellative styles and what elements shape whether styles are (in)effective. In these ways, the article contributes to scholarship on how people become persuaded to take on new identities and provides insight into the resistance and failures groups encounter when attempting to interpellate others. I conclude with a discussion of how a theory of interpellative styles can be applied more broadly and used to investigate the overlap between cultural, physiological, and psychological processes in identity formation and alteration.
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2022-08-20T10:05:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751221117509
- Queering Doing Gender: The Curious Absence of Ethnomethodology in Gender
Studies and in Sociology-
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Authors: S. L. Crawley
First page: 366
Abstract: Sociological Theory, Ahead of Print.
“Doing Gender,” Candance West and Don Zimmerman’s famous 1987 article, has become a folk concept—a trope or commonsense resource within the sociology of gender. Yet at the same time, most gender scholars overlook its ethnomethodological premise, visible in both poststructuralist misunderstandings of its argument outside the discipline of sociology and what I term a realist misunderstanding of it in the study of structures and identities within the discipline. Reading West and Zimmerman queerly while clarifying ethnomethodology’s ontology, I refocus attention for critical scholarship on ethnomethodology’s analytic sensibilities for research on gender, race, and sexuality, among other embodiments. Specifically, ethnomethodology reframes a vision of actors as relational, practical actors; repositions gender as accountable, jointly produced social relations, not individual identity; and foregrounds resistance in addition to conformity. Hence, my gender (race/class/sexuality) is not mine; it is ours. Ethnomethodology’s ontological shift in temporality to reality-in-production enables interpretive-materialism: a queer, anti-racist, intersectional sociology that is future-facing and in motion.
Citation: Sociological Theory
PubDate: 2022-10-28T11:28:21Z
DOI: 10.1177/07352751221134828
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