 Subjects -> SOCIOLOGY (Total: 553 journals)
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- Conditional on the Environment' The Contextual Embeddedness of Age,
Health, and Socioeconomic Status as Predictors of Remote Work among Older
Europeans through the COVID-19 Pandemic-
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Authors: Jason Settels
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
COVID-19 era lockdown measures resulted in many workers performing their employment tasks remotely. While identifying individual-level predictors of COVID-19 era remote work, scholarship has neglected heterogeneity based on contextual characteristics. Using the first COVID-19 module (2020) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (N = 8,121) and multinomial logistic regression analyses, this study examined how country-level digitalization, stringency of government COVID-19 containment measures, and COVID-19 era excess mortality moderated how individual-level age, health, education, and income affected working partly or fully remotely among older Europeans (50-89 years) continuing to work through the pandemic. The central findings are that higher societal digitalization reduced the positive association between education and fully remote work, and greater country-level excess mortality accentuated how more education and poorer health increased the probability of fully remote work. These findings are interpreted through the fundamental cause theory of health and the health belief model. They further lead to recommendations that during future epidemics, policies and programs should address the remote working capabilities of older persons with fewer years of education, with fewer skills with modern digital technologies, and in worse health, especially within nations that are less digitally developed and harder hit by the epidemic in question.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-05-22T11:25:22Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214231167171
- Intersectionality and Dependency Lenses in Neonatal Mortality: Evidence of
Regional, Residential, and Socioeconomic Inequalities from Post-colonial
Tanzania, 1991–2016-
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Authors: Neema Langa
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
While neonatal mortality is a critical measure of national health and well-being, efforts to reduce it in post-colonial, global south national contexts continue to yield unsatisfactory (sometimes worsening) odds of such events. This paper applies the intersectionality framework and dependency theory to time-based changes in neonatal mortality in Tanzania from 1991 to 2016 as a new model for understanding these persistent odds of neonatal mortality in the underdeveloped world. Analysis of data from the Tanzania Demographic Health Survey (from 1991 to 2016) discloses an unambiguous intersection between residence, region, and socioeconomic status in Tanzania. At the national level, neonatal mortality decreased slightly between 1991 and 2016. However, the likelihood of neonates dying increased during that time for women living in rural and unprivileged areas with lower socioeconomic status. An intersectionality framework and dependency theory contextualize these findings by considering structural elements within Tanzania from 1991 to 2016. This new model affords fresh insights, recommendations, and policy discussion for reducing neonatal mortality in Tanzania and other post-colonial, global south nations.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-05-13T11:53:38Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214231167172
- The Intersections between Sociology and STS: A Big Data Approach
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Authors: Maria Amuchastegui, Kean Birch, Wolfgang Kaltenbrunner
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
This paper charts the changing intersections between sociology and science and technology studies (STS) using computational textual analysis. We characterize this “quali-quantitative” approach as a Big Data method, as this calls attention to the commixture of textual and numeric data that characterizes Big Data. The term Big Data, too, calls attention to the increasing privatization of both data and data analytics tools. The data mining was done using a commercial analytics tool, IBM SPSS Modeler, that to the best of our knowledge has not yet been used for STS or sociological research. The identification of intersections occurred as part of a larger project to analyze political-economic and epistemic changes within STS, focusing on academic publishing. These epistemic changes were identified qualitatively, through 76 interviews with STS scholars, and quantitatively, through a computational analysis of three decades of STS journals (1990–2019).
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-05-11T11:11:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214231167170
- Environing Innovation: Toward an Ecological Pragmatism of Scientific
Practice-
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Authors: Natalie B. Aviles
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Studies of scientific innovation that theorize the complex social and material influences on scientific inquiry and innovation can benefit from explicit theoretical attention to meso-level practices embedded in formal organizations. Combining insights separately developed by pragmatist perspectives in sociology and Science and Technology Studies (STS), I introduce an ecological pragmatist approach to scientific practice that helps account for the meso-level environments in which scientists innovate. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, I reanalyze classic works in sociology and STS on cancer research innovation to show how the distinct concerns for accountability in one formal organization—the U.S. National Cancer Institute—helped constitute the material and conceptual scaffolding that went on to shape individual innovations and macro-level institutional transformations. I conclude by suggesting ecological pragmatism offers a valuable perspective on recent efforts in sociology to conceptualize culture as cognition.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-04-26T11:54:06Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214231167173
- The American Public’s Views about Legal Immigration: The Case of the
Diversity Visa Lottery Program-
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Authors: Daniel K. Pryce, Joselyne L. Chenane
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
This study assesses contemporary attitudes toward the Diversity Visa Lottery program. Specifically, we examine the public’s views about the Diversity Visa Lottery, an immigrant visa program that was criticized by former President Donald Trump. Using a data set that approximates a nationally representative sample of U.S. residents, we found evidence that those who voted for Donald Trump in 2016, those who did not vote for president in 2016, those who identified as conservative/very conservative, and older citizens favor eliminating the Diversity Visa Lottery program. On the contrary, Blacks, the more highly educated, and those who identified as very liberal/liberal oppose eliminating the Diversity Visa Lottery program. The implications of our findings for group relations, policy, and future research are discussed.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-04-21T11:19:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214231167175
- Disentangling Social Class–based Inequality: How Social Position Affects
Evaluations of Economic and Cultural Markers of Social Class-
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Authors: Bethany J. Nichols
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
How do the economic and cultural components of social class separately contribute to social class–based inequality' I argue that one approach to disentangle the effects of economic and cultural markers is to consider how decision-makers’ own social positions influence their evaluations of others in micro-level processes. I posit that decision-makers’ social positions influence their understandings and evaluations of the economic and cultural components of social class, giving rise to bias and inequality. In a series of original survey experiments, I manipulate the economic and cultural markers of a fictitious college applicant on subjects with elite and nonelite university degrees. The results show that the markers of social class affect individuals with elite degrees and individuals without elite degrees differently. I find that it is the cultural markers of social class, not the economic markers, that affect the judgments of evaluators with elite degrees. Applicants’ perceived competence and status help to explain the positive effect of cultural markers on evaluators with elite degrees. These results show the importance of social position and micro-level evaluation processes to help explain social class–based inequality.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-02-15T01:04:49Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221146597
- Exploring the Impact of Women’s Representation on the Professional
Careers of Women of Color-
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Authors: Rana Abulbasal, Christy Glass, Guadalupe Marquez-Velarde, Marisela Martinez-Cola
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
While existing approaches to workplace stratification illuminate how relational and demographic processes impact workplace inequalities, little research has sought to disaggregate the experiences of professional women at the intersection of race and ethnicity. This study explores how workplace demography intersects with relationships among women to shape the experiences of women of color in professional careers. Relying on a mixed methods study of barriers to advancement among women lawyers, we find that the presence of women in an organization has little to no effect on the token pressures women of color experience in predominantly White-male organizations. We conclude increasing women’s overall representation is necessary but insufficient for addressing the challenges women of color face navigating professional careers.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-01-20T07:02:49Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221148452
- Pride and Protest: Horizontal and Vertical Emotional Response in the
Aftermath of the 2019 Chilean Spring-
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Authors: Francisco Olivos, Cristián Ayala, Alex Leyton
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
A large body of literature has shown that emotions can motivate collective action. Nevertheless, the effect that collective actions could have on emotion has been less researched. This study examined the effect of protests on bystanders’ pride, using the case of the 2019 “Chilean Spring.” Our findings indicate that a set of indicators of pride, representing the country, the status quo, and the social structures, were negatively affected by the crisis, which suggests vertical emotional response. Protests’ frame signaled that not everything in the country was as thought, generating a moral shock that affected shared emotions about the country. However, pride toward fellow citizens was positively affected. Some of these effects are stronger for people with an intermediate educational level. These findings contribute to the literature on the impact of protests showing that unexpected, loosely organized, and massive movements can trigger generalized emotions.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-01-12T09:45:26Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221146595
- Left-Behind Children’s Cognitive Development in China: Gain in Financial
Capital Versus Loss in Parental Capital-
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Authors: Chen Chen
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
This study proposes a framework combining economic improvement and the disruption within family interactions to disentangle the effect of parental migration on left-behind children’s development. We proposed a concept of parental capital, which refers to the cultivated interactions between the primary caregiver and the child. The disruption effect is theorized here as loss in parental capital, that the decrease in frequency and stability of interactions between children and the primary caregiver caused by parental migration. This research draws on the 2012 China Urbanization and Labor Migration Survey (CULMS), a nationally representative dataset including a substantial migrant population. Our results show that the loss in parental capital mediates almost all of the adverse effects of parental absence. In addition, parental capital doesn’t significantly mediate the effect of father migration on children’s cognitive development, but it has substantial explaining power in the disadvantage of children with dual-parent migration.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2023-01-12T06:42:40Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221145059
- Threat, Latinx Racialization, and Grassroots Leadership: Understanding
Mobilization in Southern California’s Anti-Gang Injunction Movement-
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Authors: Alexander Scott
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Under what conditions do Latinx communities mobilize in response to threats of repressive policing' This article addresses this question by comparing three cases of community organizing against civil gang injunctions. Drawing on six years of ethnographic fieldwork, 20 semi-structured interviews, and analysis of news reports, my findings reveal that mobilization was achieved in low-income Latinx neighborhoods located within affluent White cities, where organizers drew upon strong ties to community insiders to combine analyses of the threat of citywide gang injunctions with critiques of White racism and political power. Conversely, mobilization did not occur when this strategy was used to organize a low-income Latinx neighborhood within a primarily working-class, Latinx city, where organizers confronted a more narrowly targeted gang injunction and had weaker ties to community insiders. I argue this lack of mobilization in the latter campaign cannot only be attributed to the insufficient threat posed by the gang injunction. Rather, local racial and ethnic dynamics, where Chicanx organizers struggled to develop grassroots leadership among community insiders, build solidarity with first-generation Latinx immigrants and link threats of repressive policing to anti-Latinx racism impeded mobilization. These findings highlight how popular mobilization against perceived threats of repressive policing is not race-neutral but instead depends upon racial and ethnic contexts where organizers can effectively link the issue to White racism.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-14T05:26:18Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221139487
- Motherhood and Mentoring Networks: The Unequal Impact of Overwork on
Women’s Workplace Mentoring Networks-
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Authors: Hwajin Shin, Soohan Kim
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Using longitudinal data on 1,711 female managers in South Korean firms, this study examines how time, culture, and workplace structure affect women’s mentoring networks. Our analyses demonstrate that women with fewer time constraints and who work longer hours are more likely to have a male mentor. However, when motherhood status is considered, work hours and time constraints are not significant predictors of having a mentor for mothers. Rather, organizational flexibility and work-life policies influence whether mothers have mentors, but those mothers who work long hours and display minimal domestic commitments benefit the most from the availability of flexibility. Findings suggest that long work hours and time constraints affect women’s marginalization in workplace relationships, and corporate practices mitigating work hour expectations can alleviate this impact for women with children.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-13T02:06:19Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221139445
- “There’s the Black Woman Thing, and There’s the Age Thing”:
Professional Black Women on the Downsides of “Black Don’t Crack” and
Strategies for Confronting Ageism at Work-
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Authors: Alicia Smith-Tran
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
This article problematizes the concept of “Black Don’t Crack” and challenges the universal desirability of youthfulness. This study is driven by two research questions: (1) How does the perceived youthfulness of professional Black workers shape their subjective experience of workplace interactions' and (2) What strategies do Black workers use to assert their expertise and legitimacy when confronted with prejudicial attitudes and interactions based on perceptions about their age' Drawing on 18 semi-structured interviews with professional Black women who are perceived as younger than they actually are, this article describes Black women’s experiences with ageism and their specific strategies for combating age bias in the workplace. The focus of this study diverges from most ageism studies focused on bias against older adults. Rather, this article contributes to our understanding of how gendered racism and ageism intersect when Black women’s chronological ages differ from how they are perceived.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-13T02:03:59Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221139441
- Body Size and Well-being in Adolescents: The Roles of Bullying
Victimization and Body Image-
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Authors: Sadie O. Ridgeway
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
This research investigates the association between body size and key indicators of well-being for adolescents (i.e., self-rated health, mental health, and life satisfaction), and simultaneously tests two social mechanisms that may explain these relationships: stigma enacted as bullying victimization and body image, representing the “outside” and “inside” views of the body, respectively. This study tested these relationships using the United States Health Behaviors in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2009/2010 data set (N = 12,210). Results demonstrated that larger body size is associated with reduced well-being on all the indicators studied as well as higher levels of bullying victimization and worse body image. However, body image predominantly mediates the relationship between body size and well-being. The study broadens the empirical base on whether body size is linked to well-being for adolescents, clarifies the role of two important social mechanisms, and indicates that body image is critical to understanding the effects of body size.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-13T01:58:40Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221139439
- Does Job Insecurity Motivate Protest Participation' A Multilevel Analysis
of Working-Age People from 18 Developed Countries-
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Authors: Arman Azedi
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
In recent decades, social scientists have devoted increased attention to job insecurity, a highly prominent stressor for workers today. Although social movements literature has examined other economic threat as mobilizing agents, the potential for job insecurity to stoke protest participation remains unknown. To investigate this issue, I analyze survey data gathered by the European Social Survey (n = 35,891) via face-to-face interviews. Hierarchical logistic regressions reveal job insecurity is significantly associated with participation in protests and is more important for protest than any other individual economic indicator, such as poor income, unemployment, and negative perceptions of the wider economy. Its effect is modest compared with biographical and political factors, such as education and antigovernment beliefs. The mobilizing effect of job insecurity is more pronounced when combined with contextual factors that exacerbate insecurity, namely, working in unstable service and private sector jobs, or living in countries with poor social safety nets.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-06T12:47:45Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221139291
- Families and Financial Support: Comparing Black and Asian American College
Students-
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Authors: Yolanda Wiggins, Blair Harrington, Naomi Gerstel
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Although many recognize that families shape the likelihood of getting into college, few examine variation in families’ involvement during college or its implications for sustaining inequalities. Using interviews with 51 Black and 61 Asian American college students, our analysis reveals that class and race jointly shape students’ perceptions of the financial assistance that they receive from and give to family—whether in the short term (during college) or their plans for the long term (post-college). Advantaged students across race receive more and provide less assistance than disadvantaged students. Both disadvantaged Black and Asian American students share future intentions of support, but only disadvantaged Black students give their families money during college. Race and class affect students’ framing of family and designation of the particular family members (whether parents, siblings, extended kin, or fictive kin) included in these exchanges. Lastly, we analyze the ways these different forms of assistance shape students’ college struggles; Black students experience the most strain due to their working and giving back during college. Drawing on and developing theories addressing the models and practices of familial diversity, this paper shows how class and race intersect to shape family assistance and its consequences for the persistence of inequality.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-06T12:46:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221134808
- Ideology of Athletic Merit: Transmission of Privilege in College Athlete
Admissions-
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Authors: Kirsten Hextrum
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Researchers critique athletic admissions, claiming that lower academic standards for athletes lead to disengagement, retention issues, and mission-drift. Yet few studies scrutinize the athletic standards utilized. Despite the concentration of Black men in football and basketball, overall, white and middle-class athletes receive the greatest admission advantages suggesting athletic merit aligns with privilege. Drawing on 47 life-history interviews with Division I college athletes from one elite university, I apply Althusserian ideology to examine how exceptionally admitted participants interpret and (re)enact their advantages. Narratives revealed the institutional conditions, rituals, and practices that link athleticism to college access. Across three themes—access, ascendance, and admission—I consider how athletes are interpellated into meritorious recipients of preferential treatment, obscuring the structural alignments undergirding university access.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-12-06T12:44:27Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221134807
- The Role of Institutional Trust in Industry, Government, and Regulators in
Shaping Perceptions of Risk Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing in the
United Kingdom-
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Authors: Paul B. Stretesky, Damien Short, Laurence Stamford
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
This study draws upon concepts of institutional trust and expendability to examine perceptions of risk associated with hydraulic fracturing or “fracking.” To study trust and risk, we collected data from a nationally representative sample of U.K. residents and analyzed it using multivariate regression. Perceptions of trust are measured for the oil and gas industry, central government, local government, and regulators while perceived risks are measured for seismicity, water quality, and hydraulic fracturing in general. Participants with high levels of trust in the oil and gas industry tend to perceive lower levels of risk associated with hydraulic fracturing. Levels of government and regulator trust are, however, largely unrelated to perceived risks. Importantly, trust in the oil and gas industry appears to mediate the relationship between political affiliation and perceptions of risk. Implications for theories of recreancy and environmental justice are explored.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-10-22T10:26:37Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221125803
- Collective Social Capital, Outgroup Threat, and Americans’ Preference
for Restrictive Immigration-
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Authors: Harris Hyun-soo Kim
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Throughout parts of the Western world, populist nationalism has gained increasing momentum. Despite cross-national differences in populist leaders and parties, one common feature stands out: xenophobic prejudice. This paper examines in the U.S. context, first, a common assumption linking outgroup threat perception with support for restrictive immigration. Second, more importantly, this paper tests how and the extent to which collective (state-level) social capital independently influences the American citizens’ anti-immigrant attitudes, as well as whether it moderates the association between outgroup threat and preference for restricting immigration. Multilevel models based on a nationally representative sample show that people who hold higher perceptions of outgroup threat are indeed more likely to oppose immigration. By contrast, living in a state endowed with more social capital is associated with pro-immigration attitudes. Last, the association between security threat and anti-immigrant preference is weaker (stronger) in states with higher (lower) measures of social capital.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-10-18T12:00:52Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221127935
- Connecting Spaces: Gender, Video Games and Computing in the Early Teens
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Authors: Jennifer Ashlock, Miodrag Stojnic, Zeynep Tufekci
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Informed by evidence that computing attitudes may be uniquely constructed in informal contexts and that the early teens are a key period for academic decision-making, we investigate lines of practice that connect computing skills, attitudes, and videogames. We compare the relationship between computer skill, computer efficacy, and activities associated with gaming using a data set of 3,868 children in middle school. The time that children spend gaming has very modest association with skill and efficacy. Accounting for the frequency with which children modify games, engage in social gaming activities, and the salience of gamer identity explains the gender gap in computer skill and significantly narrows the gender gap in computer efficacy. We find support for the argument that computer skill and efficacy are dependent on children connecting often isolated social contexts, a socially embedded characteristic of the digital divide.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-10-11T01:05:06Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221125802
- Graduate School, Work, or Unclear' Gender Differences in Post-college
Plans among China’s Recent College Students-
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Authors: Man Yao
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Women are becoming the majority in China’s universities and colleges. This study examines gender differences in post-college plans of China’s college students under the new social context. Drawing on survey data from college students across 15 universities in Beijing, this study identifies a gendered post-college planning process. Descriptive findings show that the majority of students plan to go to graduate school, while women are less likely to have a graduate school plan and more likely to be unclear about their future than men. Multivariate analyses show that these gender gaps can be partly attributed to women’s underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Moreover, family socioeconomic resources and anticipated parenthood timing are associated with post-college plans, and these associations are more pronounced among women. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for research on the formation of gender stratification in education and career in the global context of women’s progress in education.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-09-30T06:49:13Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221124536
- Worth Less' Exploring the Effects of Subminimum Wages on Poverty among
U.S. Hourly Workers-
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Authors: Michelle Maroto, David Pettinicchio
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
The Fair Labor Standards Act’s minimum wage laws provide important protections for workers. However, it still permits employers to pay subminimum wages to youth under age 20, student-vocational learners, full-time students, individuals with disabilities, and tipped workers. This has important economic consequences, especially for economically vulnerable workers in the low-wage sector. Using 2009–2019 Current Population Survey–Merged Outgoing Rotation Group (CPS-MORG) data (n = 502,976), we find that 3.7 percent (about 1,565,805) of hourly workers were paid subminimum wages based on state minimum wage laws, and subminimum wages were associated with increases in family poverty by 1.4 percentage points. Importantly, the relationship between subminimum wages and poverty differed across workers with particularly telling results for disability. Unlike for youth and students for whom access to subminimum wage labor was associated with decreased family poverty, subminimum wage work compounded already high poverty rates for hourly workers with disabilities. Within a broader context of low-wage work, this research speaks to the impacts of subminimum pay on economic insecurity and poverty—an ongoing social problem disproportionately affecting people with disabilities.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-09-29T07:57:54Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221124630
- The Ongoing Process of HIV-Stigma (Re)Production
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Authors: Chadwick K. Campbell
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
HIV stigma negatively affects the social experiences of people living with HIV (PLWH) and remains a challenge to HIV prevention, treatment, and care. Research has overwhelmingly focused on individual cognitive measures of HIV stigma (e.g., internalized, anticipated, and experienced). However, little research explores the interactions and societal structures through which HIV stigma is produced. Data from qualitative interviews with 30 black gay and bisexual men living with HIV in the U.S. Deep South revealed an interconnected and interdependent set of processes that produce and reproduce HIV stigma. These included social interactions (silence, euphemism, and gossip), witnessed acts of marginalization, word-of-mouth transmission of HIV misinformation, and laws and policies carried out within the education and criminal justice systems. Efforts to reduce stigma that focus on individual beliefs and attitudes are critical to improving the well-being of PLWH. However, reducing HIV stigma requires intervening on the social interactions and structures through which HIV stigma is produced and reproduced.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-09-26T09:37:02Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221117294
- Arts for Whose Sake' Arts Course-taking and Math Achievement in US
High Schools-
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Authors: Daniel Mackin Freeman, Dara Shifrer
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Math achievement in U.S. high schools is a consistent predictor of educational attainment. While emphasis on raising math achievement continues, school-level interventions often come at the expense of other subjects. Arts courses are particularly at risk of being cut, especially in schools serving lower socioeconomic status youth. Evidence suggests, however, that arts coursework is beneficial to many educational outcomes. We use data on 20,590 adolescents from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 to answer two research questions: (1) Does student accumulation of fine arts courses across different topic areas relate positively to math test scores in high school' (2) Does school SES differentiate this potential association' Results indicate that youth attending higher-SES schools take more art courses and taking music courses is related to higher math test scores. However, this benefit only seems to only apply to more socially advantaged student bodies. Results reveal a site of additional educational advantage for already privileged youth.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-09-24T12:32:47Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221124537
- Walking That Fine Line: Doulas as Overseers of Evidence-based Practice
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Authors: Megan M. Henley
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Doulas provide individualized support during labor and childbirth. Research has consistently shown that having doulas support increases positive physical and psychological outcomes. Professional medical organizations have begun to recognize the evidence showing the positive effects of doula support. Even though professional organizations recommend doulas to reduce non-medically indicated treatments such as overuse of cesarean delivery, many practitioners uphold their authority to intervene as they see necessary. I utilize interviews with 25 doulas to explore how doulas use scientific evidence to ensure that women receive appropriate care. Results indicate that doulas do not think that many obstetricians follow evidence-based practices; doulas feel compelled to serve as overseers who remind medical staff about the clinical guidelines. In addition, doulas use evidence to prepare mothers to confront providers. I argue that while doulas can help close gaps, obstetric medicine needs to implement evidence-based strategies more systemically to improve care for all women.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-09-02T09:35:18Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221121161
- Intersectional Criminalization: How Chicanas Experience and Navigate
Criminalization through Interpersonal Relationships with Latino Men and
Boys-
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Authors: Veronica Lerma
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
Recent work has begun to investigate how criminalization is mediated through interpersonal relationships. While this research emphasizes the importance of gender dynamics and cross-gender intimate relations for boys and men of color, little is known about how gendered and sexualized relationships matter for criminalized women and girls of color. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap and asks: How do system-involved Chicanas’ relationships with men and boys shape their experiences of criminalization over the life course' How do they navigate criminalization through men and boys' While previous research suggests that young men of color may avoid criminalization through their relationships with young women of color, life-history interviews with formerly incarcerated and system-impacted Chicanas reveal that relationships with Latino men and boys exacerbated their experiences of criminalization. Utilizing an intersectional criminalization framework, I argue that racialized, gendered, and heteronormative assumptions about Latinas’ interpersonal relationships condition criminalization over the life course. Chicanas employed two strategies to navigate criminalization through men and boys, both of which came at a cost to their wellbeing.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-09-02T05:19:28Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221121336
- Controlling Defiance: An Examination of School Social Control in
California School Districts-
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Authors: David Michael Ramey, Brittany N. Freelin
Abstract: Sociological Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
U.S. schools suspend 2.5 million children each school year. Although states mandate suspensions for serious offenses, most students are suspended for minor transgressions, such as “willful defiance” of authority. Moreover, districts suspend students of color for minor issues at higher rates than White children. In response, California banned suspension for “willful defiance” in elementary schools statewide in 2015 and larger districts eliminated the practice for all grades throughout the 2010s. In this article, we use California Department of Education (CDE) data from 2011 to 2018 to determine: (1) whether banning suspension for willful defiance changes school district suspension rates; (2) whether these bans are associated with changes in special education enrollment; and (3) how these relationships differ by the race/ethnicity of the student.
Citation: Sociological Perspectives
PubDate: 2022-08-26T06:45:29Z
DOI: 10.1177/07311214221116661
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