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Authors:Christy L. Erving, Rachel Zajdel, Izraelle I. McKinnon, Miriam E. Van Dyke, Raphiel J. Murden, Dayna A. Johnson, Reneé H. Moore, Tené T. Lewis Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Gendered racial microaggressions reflect historical and contemporary gendered racism that Black women encounter. Although gendered racial microaggressions are related to psychological outcomes, it is unclear if such experiences are related to sleep health. Moreover, the health effects of gendered racial microaggressions dimensions are rarely investigated. Using a cohort of Black women (N = 400), this study employs an intracategorical intersectional approach to (1) investigate the association between gendered racial microaggressions and sleep health, (2) assess whether gendered racial microaggressions dimensions are related to sleep health, and (3) examine whether the gendered racial microaggressions–sleep health association persists after accounting for depressive symptoms and worry. Gendered racial microaggressions were associated with poor sleep quality overall and four specific domains: subjective sleep quality, latency, disturbance, and daytime sleepiness. Two gendered racial microaggressions dimensions were especially detrimental for sleep: assumptions of beauty/sexual objectification and feeling silenced and marginalized. After accounting for mental health, the effect of gendered racial microaggressions on sleep was reduced by 47 percent. Future research implications are discussed. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-03-17T12:19:31Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221136139
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Authors:Lisa Fourgassie, Baptiste Subra, Rasyid Bo Sanitioso Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. The present research examines the stereotypes held about North Africans in French society today. Extending past works, we included gender and separately studied the stereotypes of North African men and women. Using three techniques, namely, spontaneous generation, attribute rating, and pathfinder analysis, our results revealed distinct stereotypes of North African men and women in French society. North African men are ascribed more antisocial traits. Traits associated with North African women are related to submissiveness and domestic chores. This suggests that stereotypes revealed in past studies concerned mainly the men of the group. The results underscore the need to consider gender when studying stereotypes of ethnic and minority groups. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-03-17T12:15:11Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725231159938
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Authors:Tianhao Zhang Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Analyzing a thread of online interaction, I apply conversation analysis and discursive psychology methods to explicate how experiences of racism are reported and contested by participants in interaction. The person reporting their experience of racism (the reporter) applies commonsense knowledge to assess the perpetrator's racist intent. Recipients of the report contest the reporter's rights to assess the perpetrator's intent while managing their lack of independent access to the reported encounter. In milder contestations, they cast doubt while avoiding assessing the situation themselves, which leads to negotiations over the accusation without contesting the correctness of the reporter's assessment. In aggravated contestations, recipients explicitly contest the reporter's assessment of the perpetrator, which leads to interactional breakdowns where moral culpabilities of both sides are implicated. Implications for understanding the moral difficulties involved in accusing racism, the interactional contingencies involved in responding to and contesting such accusations, and members’ understandings of racism are discussed. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-03-15T12:53:54Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221117834
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Authors:Stephen Benard, Bianca Manago, Anna Acosta Russian, Youngjoo Cha Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. How are people of Asian origin perceived in contemporary U.S. culture' While often depicted as a “model minority”—competent and hardworking but also quiet, unsociable, or cold—little work measures whether and how these stereotypes vary for Asians in different social locations. We use a large (n ≈ 4,700) quota sample of the United States, matched to key U.S. demographics, to map the content of Asian stereotypes across ethnicity, gender, income, and birthplace. We find that some stereotypes are largely consistent across subgroups—such as the perception that Asians lack sociability, but not warmth, relative to White Americans—while others vary substantially. Perceptions of dominance vary by income, while perceptions of competence are moderated by income and ethnicity in complex ways. Stereotypes have important consequences, ranging from everyday frustrations to depressive symptoms and employment discrimination. Our work provides a detailed picture of how stereotypes vary across social locations. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-03-11T06:25:10Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221126188
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Authors:Christin L. Munsch, Lindsey T. O'Connor, Susan R. Fisk Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. This article presents results from an experimental study of workers tasked with evaluating professionals with identical workplace performances who differed with respect to hours worked and gender, isolating two mechanisms through which overwork leads to workplace inequality. Evaluators allocated greater organizational rewards to overworkers and perceived overworkers more favorably compared to full-time workers who performed similarly in less time, a practice that disproportionately rewards men over equivalently performing, more efficient women. Additionally, the magnitude of the overwork premium is greater for men than for women. We then use path analyses to explore the processes by which evaluators make assumptions about worker characteristics. We find overwork leads to greater organizational rewards primarily because employees who overwork are perceived as more committed—and, to a lesser extent, more competent—than full-time workers, although women’s overwork does not signal commitment or competence to the same extent as men’s overwork. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-01-11T01:22:43Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221141059
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Authors:Catherine E. Harnois Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Discrimination is one of the most important concepts for understanding, analyzing, and addressing social inequality. It is a term with many meanings, however, and existing research tells us little about how people understand and use the term. This study analyzes data from interviews with 38 English-speaking adults in the southeastern United States to examine how people use and make sense of the term discrimination. In structured interviews, participants described their experiences of mistreatment, reflected on whether their experiences were instances of discrimination, and explained their reasoning. Many participants expressed uncertainty about the meaning of discrimination and were unsure if it applied to particular situations. When asked to explain why they thought particular situations were or were not instances of discrimination, some participants relied on a legalistic framework, drawing from knowledge they had gained in their formal educational and training. Others foregrounded issues of inequality and social justice, explicitly invoking racism, sexism, and social class when explaining why something was or was not discrimination. A third group of participants, disproportionately but not exclusively White and non-Latinx, considered discrimination to be synonymous with “differential treatment” and unrelated to social inequality. Analyses suggest that these interpretive frameworks reflect participants’ legal consciousness, political consciousness, and their ability to read particular situations as connected to specific systems of inequality—that is, their literacies of particular inequalities. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-01-10T02:46:35Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221134266
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Authors:Ashley Harrell, Tom Wolff Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Norms, typically enforced via sanctions, are key to resolving collective-action problems. But it is often impossible to know what each individual member is contributing to group efforts and enforce cooperation accordingly. Especially as group size increases, people commonly have access to the behaviors of—and can sanction—only those to whom they are tied in a broader network. Here we integrate two streams of research: one conceptualizing ties in networked collective-action groups as access to information about what others are doing and a second where ties represent information plus opportunities to enforce cooperation via punishment. While both have pointed to the cooperation benefits of more ties in the network, we argue that these benefits will depend on group size and whether ties provide access to information about what others are doing or whether they also entail opportunities for norm enforcement. Our experiment demonstrates that densely tied information networks facilitate cooperation but only when the group size is small. When people can also enforce their ties’ cooperation, however, densely tied networks particularly benefit larger groups. The results demonstrate how network-level properties and individual-level tie patterns intersect to promote contributions in small and large collective-action groups. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-01-10T01:12:26Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221132517
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Authors:Victoria Money Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. When people visualize a potential for deflection in future interactions, will they lie to prevent it' Affect control theory emphasizes the salience of deflection management in everyday life, otherwise known as an attempted realignment of experiences and expectations in the face of situational incongruency. Traditionally, deflection management is measured post hoc in an individual who, often disconnected from and unassociated with the situation, reconfigures the experience. This does not, however, speak to deflection management during an active interaction or how an individual might change things in anticipation of deflection. Prior to, or during, an active interaction, individuals have a unique opportunity to preemptively alter the definition of the situation based on anticipated sentiments. In essence, they can foresee oncoming deflection and act to avoid it. Using a vignette experiment, I extend affect control theory by highlighting deflection that is anticipated but not yet experienced. I also show that participants have higher odds of lying in interactions where an honest retelling would incur high deflection. To further inform this cognitive process, I present qualitative explanations from participants on why they chose their responses and how the dynamics of their relationship mattered. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-01-10T01:10:47Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221132508
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Authors:Kathryn J. Lively First page: 1 Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print.
Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-02-02T06:09:45Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725231153308
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Authors:Jane D. McLeod First page: 6 Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. In this address, I consider the realized and potential contributions of sociological social psychology to research on inequality based on invisible disabilities and the challenges that invisible disabilities pose to current social psychological theories. Drawing from the social structure and personality framework, I advance the general notion of invisible disability as a dimension of inequality, consider how four basic social psychological processes (social categorization, identity, status, and stigmatization) have and can help us understand how invisible disabilities shape outcomes over the life course, and suggest new lines of research social psychologists could pursue. I close with brief comments about the benefits of such an agenda for sociological social psychology as well as how these lines of research can inform theories of stratification. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-02-08T08:41:14Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725231153307
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Authors:Jule Adriaans, Carsten Sauer, Cristóbal Moya First page: 95 Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. This study compares two pay evaluations: pay justice and pay satisfaction. Conceptually, pay justice entails a moral assessment and is more specific to work, whereas pay satisfaction is a broader attitude that includes non-work-related factors. We analyzed German employee data and found overall similarity in determinants but differences in proximity to work contexts. Pay satisfaction was more strongly associated with private pay comparisons and standard of living, whereas pay justice was more strongly associated with reciprocity in the employer-employee relationship through working hours and comparisons at work. The results therefore suggest that employers can influence pay justice more easily than pay satisfaction by means of addressing imbalances in the employer-employee exchange and within organizational pay structures. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2023-02-04T07:54:18Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725231151671
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Authors:Amelia R. Branigan, Matthew Hall Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Although sociological research on colorism has affirmed an association between lighter skin and socioeconomic advantage, causal estimates of discrimination are challenging to generate outside of experimental contexts. Using data from an audit study conducted by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, we present field experimental evidence of colorism in the rental housing market for Black and Hispanic Americans, demonstrating variation in discrimination by the race of the agent, race of the renter, and the outcome in question. Our findings suggest that a macrosocial preference for lighter skin has the potential to translate into microsocial interactions in more complicated ways than a consistent light-skin privilege, emphasizing the need to better understand how color-based discrimination operates in the lived contexts where interventions might be possible. Results also suggest that discrimination by skin color may reflect varied processes by race and ethnicity, necessitating an understanding of colorism as inherently intersectional. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2022-11-04T04:28:50Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221129624
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Authors:Faith M. Deckard, Andrew Messamore, Bridget J. Goosby, Jacob E. Cheadle Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. This article is temporarily under embargo. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2022-10-15T12:29:43Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221123577
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Authors:David S. Pedulla, Sophie Allen, Livia Baer-Bositis First page: 30 Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. While significant scholarship has documented the prevalence of racial discrimination in hiring, less is known about the forces that exacerbate or mitigate it. In this article, we develop a theoretical argument about the ability of customers to influence racial discrimination in hiring, highlighting the role of direct customer communication and its intersection with online review systems. We deploy a novel method to test our argument. Specifically, we draw on original data from a two-part field experiment that first randomly assigned restaurants to receive one of three different email messages from customers and then audited the restaurants to test for racial discrimination in hiring. While our data collection effort was cut short and disrupted by the coronavirus pandemic, making our findings more exploratory than initially anticipated, our data provide evidence that customer communication can reduce racial discrimination under certain conditions. We discuss the implications of these findings for scholarship on organizational decision-making, discrimination, and methodological approaches for studying these topics. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2022-09-21T11:02:17Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221109533
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Authors:Paula Paajanen, Tuija Seppälä, Clifford Stevenson, Reetta Riikonen, Eerika Finell First page: 53 Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Informal segregation has been widely studied in various public settings but not on public playgrounds. Drawing on an 11-month ethnography among mothers of young children, we examine how informal segregation is (re)produced on public playgrounds in two ethnically diverse neighborhoods in Finland. Our findings reveal different normative practices. First, normative rhythms and parenting practices structure playground activities by limiting opportunities for contact between ethnic minority and majority groups and producing exclusive spaces. Second, group norms and the seeking of ethnic/racial ingroup members together regulate mothers’ interaction with outgroup mothers on playgrounds; mothers are inclined toward their ingroup while outgroup mothers are often ignored, resulting in only illusory contact. Based on our analysis, we argue that by better understanding the normative roots of segregation, more comprehensive and effective interventions can be designed to facilitate positive contact in this population. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2022-09-02T09:38:39Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221116632
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Authors:Ruey-Ying Liu First page: 74 Abstract: Social Psychology Quarterly, Ahead of Print. While people are generally considered as having primary rights to know and describe themselves, in parent–child interaction, young children are not always treated as having primary access to and sole authority over matters within their own domain. Drawing on naturally occurring parent–child interactional data, this conversation analytic study shows how parents claim epistemic primacy over young children with respect to matters that, based on norms of adult interaction, should be unequivocally presupposed within children's primary epistemic domain. Two forms of evidence are provided: (1) parents confirm or disconfirm children's asserted claims about their own sensations, thoughts, or experiences; and (2) parents use test questions to request information within children's domain and then evaluate their answers as correct or incorrect. These practices indicate an orientation to young children's reduced rights to claim epistemic autonomy. I argue that this is one way through which childhood is constructed in social interaction. Citation: Social Psychology Quarterly PubDate: 2022-12-14T05:28:18Z DOI: 10.1177/01902725221130751
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