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Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research
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ISSN (Print) 1119-0221
Published by African Journals Online

[260 journals]

Phytochemical Profiling of Leaf of Glinus lotoides (Mollugineceae) Using
GC-MS
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  Authors: S A Odewo, B A Ajani, O A Osiyemi, K A Adeniji, O A Ugbogu
  Pages: 001 - 011
  Abstract: Glinus lotoides Linn. is a plant used in Nigerian traditional medicine for treating many diseases notably abdominal disorders. Decoction of leaf of the plant is mostly used in this case. This study was carried out in order to determine the bioactive compounds present in the leaf acetone–hexane extract of G. lotoides by using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) machine. G. lotoides leaves was extracted in acetone-hexane by cold maceration and concentrated in vacuo. The GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of the following phyto-compounds: 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E) (Z; 242.3975, RT: 16.663; 49.11%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (Z; 256.42, RT: 15.030, 25.58%), Octadecanoic acid (Z; 284.47, RT: 16.785; 6.80%), Stigmasterol (Z; 412.69, RT: 20.929; 5.25%) and Ergost-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta) (Z; 400.68, RT: 19.962; 2.72%) among others. These compounds were identified from leaves of G. lotoides for the first time, and unarguably play very vital roles in the health care system especially in abdominal disorders treatment and other diseases. The study showed that the presence of these compounds in the leaves of G. lotoides might be responsible for its biological activities in traditional medicine. It is therefore a promising important plant of medical and pharmaceutical significance from which drug can be discovered.
  PubDate: 2023-06-29
  DOI: 10.4314/njcr.v28i1.
  Issue No: Vol. 28, No. 1 (2023)
Industrial Wastewater Purification Using Cow Bone and Saw Dust Filters
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  Authors: H Ayedun, R E Eje, O O Daudu
  Pages: 012 - 024
  Abstract: Poorly treated wastewater can adversely affect the existence of plants and animals. There is a need to look for low-cost filters to address the scarcity of water in rural areas surrounded by industrial wastewater. The present study investigates the use of low-cost filter for purification of industrial wastewater. Filters made from cow bone (CBF) and saw dust (SDF) were used to remove some impurities in wastewater. Wastewater from Ore Industrial Estate, Ondo State, Nigeria, are collected and ran through the filter, the physicochemical parameters were determined using standard method while metal content were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The filter content before and after use were analyzed using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer. CBF reduces Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chloride and chemical oxygen demand COD of the wastewater appreciably. It removed 74 %, 70 %, 65 %, 68 % and 81 % of Mn, Ni, Cd, Pb, and Zn respectively while SDF removed 8 %, 14 %, 26 %, 17 % and 28 % of the same elements respectively. The C = O stretch was recorded at wavelength of 1646.31cm-1 before filtration and broad at 1640.19 cm-1 after filtration in CBF. Broad OH peak was recorded at 3750.84 cm−1 before filtration and 3674.41 cm−1 after filtration for saw dust filter (SDF). It was concluded that the spectral showed that some materials are removed from the water. The cow bone filter is more efficient than the saw dust filter.
  PubDate: 2023-06-29
  DOI: 10.4314/njcr.v28i1.
  Issue No: Vol. 28, No. 1 (2023)
Hypoglycemic Effect of Anthocleista djalonensis and Blighi unijugata
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  Authors: R S Mohammed, M M Abdulsalam, F M Kntapo
  Pages: 025 - 039
  Abstract: Anthocleista Djalonensis A Chev and Blighia unijugata Baker were collected and fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform and ethylacetate. Spectroscopic quantitative phytochemical analysis was carried out on the fractions and they were found to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and steroids while tannins were found in significant quantity. Cytotoxicity was carried out on the fractions the fractions and they were found to be active except AD-P, 41.0680/26.0345 µg/cm3 and AD-E, 41.0080/26.0345 µg/cm3 while BU-P was found to be the most active at 8.4095/15.0123 µg/cm3. Experimental animals were induced with diabetes using streptozotocin and treated with the active fractions, BU-C 250mg dosage was found to have reduced glucose sugar level from 21.68 ±1.54 mmol/l in the first week to 3.16 ±1.05b mmol/l while BU-C 500mg dosage was found to increase weight from 112.8 ±53.2mg to in the first week to 140.2 ±9.4bg in the second week of intervention. The presence of phytochemicals, non-toxicity and being able to reduce glucose sugar in experimental animals by Blighia unijugata Baker chloroform fraction of makes a potential plant for treatment of diabetes.
  PubDate: 2023-06-29
  DOI: 10.4314/njcr.v28i1.3
  Issue No: Vol. 28, No. 1 (2023)
Assessment of The Mineral Contents Phytochemicals and Proximate Analysis
of Seeds and Peels Of Citrus limon (Lemon)
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  Authors: K O Ijege, I Umar, R Suleiman
  Pages: 040 - 050
  Abstract: The study was carried out to assess the mineral content, phytochemicals and proximate analysis of the peels and seed of citrus limon. Analysis of the mineral was carried using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and flame photometer. Phytochemicals and proximate analysis determination were done using standard methods. The citrus limon peels and seeds contain reasonable amount of important minerals such as Ca, K Mg, Na, Zn. Fe, Mn and Cu. Poisonous elements like Pb and Cd are present in very small quantity and these may be considered as food supplement especially for animals. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, phenols and steroids in both the citrus limon peels and seeds while terpenoid is present in only the peels. Substantial amount of nutritional components such as carbohydrate, fibre, lipids and proteins are also present. The peels and seeds of lemon may be used materials for drug production and nutritional supplements.
  PubDate: 2023-06-30
  DOI: 10.4314/njcr.v28i1.
  Issue No: Vol. 28, No. 1 (2023)
Hypoglycemic Effect of Olive Oil (Olea europea) on Alloxan- Induced
Diabetic Albino Rats.
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  Authors: A Zakari, H Umar, I Auwal
  Pages: 051 - 058
  Abstract: This research work is aimed at investigating the hypoglycemic effect of olive oil obtained from the seeds of olive tree (Olea europea,) on alloxan-induced diabetic Albino rats. The results obtained show that olive oil (Olea europea) exhibit hypoglycemic effect on alloxan-induced diabetic Albino rats with the lower dose (150mg/kg/b.wt). as the most effective dose for the significant treatment of type 1 diabetes. Medium and High doses however showed an insignificant effect compared to the control groups. When the, standard drug (positive control) 60 mg/kg/b.wt was administered to the rats , the glucose level of the group 2 alloxan-induced diabetic rats decreased gradually to the range between the normal range 4.9-5.5 mg/dl according to the world health standard (W.H.O, 2014). During treatment, the body weight of the rats was observed to increase as the rats responded to the hypoglycemic effect of the oil treatment. As the treatment continues, the rats look healthier which shows a positive response to the olive oil treatment.
  PubDate: 2023-06-29
  DOI: 10.4314/njcr.v28i1.5
  Issue No: Vol. 28, No. 1 (2023)
Bioactive components in ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rind using
Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy.
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  Authors: O G Akintunde, O C Lairbe, S A V Abakpa, F C Thomas, O A Akinloye, E S Ajibola
  Pages: 059 - 073
  Abstract: The knowledge of bioactive compounds present in a plant can be helpful in utilizing it for a medicinal purpose in life. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rind (CLR) was done to identify bioactive compounds and selectivity or abundance percentage in ethanol extract of CLR. The extract was obtained by fractionating crude ethanol CLR extract in order of increasing polarity, n-Hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol. The GC-MS analysis was carried out on GC system comprising Gas Chromatograph interfaced to Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) instrument. The bioactive compounds obtained were compared with database of spectrum of known components stored in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry library. The GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract of CLR revealed the presence of androst-4-en-9-thiocyanomethyl-11-ol-3,17-dione a steroid which is a precusor for androgen and estrogen production. As well as cyclooctasiloxane hexadecamethyl and octasiloxane hexadecamethyl in which both of them contain silicon an essential trace element for collagen and bone formation .The presence of these compounds validates the use of ethanol extract of CLR as a good antioxidants, antibacterial agents and stimulant in precursor of male reproductive hormone production. The ethanol extract of CLR can be of great value in ethno-veterinary practice.
  PubDate: 2023-06-29
  DOI: 10.4314/njcr.v28i1.6
  Issue No: Vol. 28, No. 1 (2023)