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Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.47  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 7  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1588-2780 - ISSN (Online) 0236-5731 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Tritium and 35S activity variation in precipitation in Korea and its
application to groundwater age determination-
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Abstract: 3H and 35S activity in precipitation was analyzed to evaluate short and medium groundwater age. Precipitation sample was collected from Feb-2020 to May-2021 at rainy day. Tritium activity in precipitation ranged from 0.5 to 11.2 TU and 35S activity ranged from 10.1 to 97.7 mBq/L. 3H and 35S activity correlated and their contents are high in spring while Jun ~ Aug precipitation sample was low due to marine air mass introduction. The 3H and 35S activity of some karst groundwaters were analyzed.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Adsorption performance and mechanism of U(VI) in aqueous solution by
hollow microspheres Bi2WO6-
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Abstract: Hollow microspheres Bi2WO6 (HBWO) were prepared by the solvothermal method for the adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments and characterization analysis investigated the adsorption performance and mechanism. The results showed that the adsorption equilibrium could be reached in 30 min at T = 303 K, pH = 6, CU(VI) = 10 mg/L, m/V = 0.1 g/L. The removal efficiency of HBWO for U(VI) in solution was 95.53%, which was about 20% higher than Bi2WO6 nanosheets. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity could reach 523.13 mg/g. FTIR and XPS analysis indicated that the interaction mechanism of U(VI) with HBWO is mainly surface complexation of strong ionic bond (M–O) and hydroxyl (–OH) groups. In addition, HBWO has strong ion selectivity for U(VI) and good regeneration and reuse performance. These results demonstrated that HBWO might potentially remediate actual uranium-containing wastewater.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Existent forms and ecological risk assessment of uranium and heavy metals
in soil at a uranium mining area in northern Guangdong, China-
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Abstract: The BCR continuous extraction method was used to extract soil samples from a uranium mining area in northern Guangdong, and the RSP and RAC evaluation methods were used to evaluate the ecological risk of soil contamination elements in the study area. The results showed that the soil was mainly in the residue state, but Mn was mainly in the reducible state (33.51%) and weakly acidic extractable (28.41%), and U was mainly in the oxidizable state (43.16%) and weakly acidic extractable (31.23%). U and Mn were the main contaminating elements in the study area, with high potential ecological risk.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Efficient removal of uranium (VI) from aqueous solution by
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Abstract: Montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composite functionalized by thiols (nZVI/Mt-SH) was synthesized by a two-step co-precipitation method for uranium (IV) removal from water. The SEM investigation showed that the morphology of nZVI/Mt was successfully modified by the (3-Mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane. The optimal adsorption efficiencies could be attributed to the synergetic behavior between SH-functionalized clay and iron nanoparticles. Analysis of the removal kinetics indicated the feature of monolayer chemisorption. The intraparticle diffusion exploration by Weber-Morris model illustrated a multi-phase removal process. This work suggests that the as-synthesized particles could be used as an efficient adsorbent to remove U(VI) from contaminated water sources.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Technetium stabilization in Portland cement and bentonite clay barriers by
thiourea-
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Abstract: In this paper we elaborated the prospective approach for the immobilization of technetium in bentonite clay and Portland cement. It includes thiourea (Tu) addition for Tc effective speciation modification from mobile Tc(VII) to immobile Tc species. Based on the resulting compound structure analysis of Tu with technetium, the reductive mechanism of immobilization was proved. A new technetium complex structure with Tu was described by single crystal XRD analysis, where technetium was obtained in the oxidation state + 3. The complex is stable due to the coordination binding of Tc to the sulfur atoms of the Tu molecules and to the chlorine atom, effective charge transfer along the S–Tc bond, and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. XANES spectra characteristics of technetium (VII, IV, III) reference compounds and samples containing Tc–Tu species in a cement matrix and bentonite clay indicates the presence of technetium in bentonite clay in the form of its tetravalent oxidation state during the Fourier transformation. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Intercomparison of equipment measuring radon activity concentration in the
air—an example from a hydrotechnical structure in Dobromierz (SW Poland)
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Abstract: The semi-conductor SRDN-3a probe, an AlphaE detector with a silicon diode in a diffusion chamber, an AlphaGUARD monitor with an ionization chamber and CR-39 track detectors had been tested simultaneously in long-term measurements conducted in the technical corridor of Dobromierz dam. The passive detectors were exposed twice: for 56 days, and 117 days, others in parallel, with a 1-h data recording interval. The data distribution was tested with the Shapiro–Wilk test and outliers in the critical region were identified using Shewhart control charts. The correctness was evaluated by a z-score test recommended by the IAEA. The characteristics of outliers for each detectors are determined by the location of the critical region (a two-sided region and a positive skew). These are 13.0% and 13.5% for AlphaE, and 9.81% for SRDN-3a. For the reference device, these are 15.8% and 10.5%. The z-score test confirm that all the detectors can be successfully used both in commercial and scientific monitoring measurements.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Study on adsorption characteristics of radioactive gaseous iodine on Ag
ion exchange molecular sieve-
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Abstract: The paper describes the structure and iodine adsorption performance of Ag+ ion-exchange 13X molecular sieve (Ag-13X) with a small Si/Al ratio. The Ag-13X has a high specific surface area (408 m2/g) and a large amount of micropore volume (0.18 cm3/g). The Ag-13X presents a strong affinity with I2 and CH3I. The I2 static adsorption capacity of the 26.7% Ag zeolite reached 700 mg/g. The adsorption capacities under 1‰ and 1% CH3I feeds are up to 104.4 mg/g and 131 mg/g, respectively. This study indicates the applicability of Ag-13X in severe nuclear accidents.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Comparative study of two mixture dyes based on PVA for industrial use as
gamma radiation dosimeter-
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Abstract: New film dosimeters PVA/(DCP/CR) and PVA/(DCP/BPR) have been prepared through the casting method. The colorimetric properties of both films changed from violet to pink and from green to yellow with exposures to gamma rays between 0–80 and 0–40 kGy, respectively. The color response was accelerated with chloral hydrate to half of the radiation dose between 0–40 and 0–20 kGy for both systems, respectively. The UV–visible spectrophotometer shows outstanding stability of the prepared dosimetric systems. Relative humidity was studied and the response indicated that both films possess very good stability during irradiation. Graphical abstract
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Determination of environmental gaseous 129I trapped in charcoal cartridges
by ICP-MS/MS-
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Abstract: For environmental monitoring and radioecological studies, organic and inorganic 129I is often trapped in active charcoal. The analysis of this radionuclide can be difficult because of the low-level activities involved and its physico-chemical properties (e.g., volatility and multiple oxidation degrees). This study proposes a new method for 129I analysis by ICP-MS/MS, which consists in the extraction of iodine from charcoal by acid digestion followed by purification using a commercial specific resin. This new method allows reaching environmental levels of gaseous 129I near the fuel reprocessing plant of La Hague (France) with a limit of detection of only 2 mBq sample−1.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- In situ synthesis of flower-like ZnO/ZnHCF composites for cesium removal
from water-
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Abstract: In this research, composites of ZnO in the form of flowers with ZnFe Prussian blue analogues were prepared by in situ synthesis, and found the synthesis conditions with maximum removal efficiency. The flower-like ZnO enhances the dispersion of the ZnHCF nanoparticles, which means that the Prussian blue analogue has higher adsorption utilisation. In addition, various adsorption experiments revealed that the adsorbent has the best adsorption capacity under neutral aqueous solution conditions and is capable of high removal rate adsorption in multi-ion aqueous solution systems. Apart from this, the adsorption process satisfies a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that chemisorption dominates, and the Langermuir adsorption model suggests that adsorption occurs on a monolayer and is favourable, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 322.4 mg/g, while adsorption is a spontaneous, heat-absorbing process. Finally, a comparison with other Prussian blue analogues revealed the potential of flower-like ZnO/ZnHCF for efficient removal of Cs+ from water.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Utilization of different radionuclides for high-energy extended efficiency
calibration of a HPGe for improved determination of calcium and sulfur
using k0-INAA-
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Abstract: The present study reports on the performance of three reactor-produced radionuclides (24Na, 56Mn, and 72Ga) and one accelerator-produced radionuclide (56Co) for extending the full-energy peak efficiency calibration of a coaxial HPGe detector up to ~ 3100 keV at different detector to source distances. The differences between the efficiency curves obtained with and without the use of high-energy gamma emitters radionuclides have a considerable impact on the accuracy of the Na, Ca, and S determination by the k0-INAA as evidenced by analysis results of reference materials. The results revealed that 24Na is the most suitable radionuclide for high-energy efficiency calibration due to its reasonable availability, low production cost, simple decay scheme, and well-defined decay properties.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- A case study for the uranyl recovery over magnetically retrievable
Cu-BTC@Fe3O4 nanocomposites-
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Abstract: A magnetic Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) nanocomposite, namely Cu-BTC@Fe3O4 (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) was used for magnetically retrievable separation of uranyl (UO22+) in the presence of competitive ions. A significant adsorption amount of 312 mg/g was achieved for uranium over Cu-BTC@Fe3O4 at a pH value of 4.5. Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) analysis indicated that the interaction of Cu-BTC@Fe3O4 with UO22+ is the synergistic coordination of carboxylate groups of BTC ligand, Fe3O4-COOH, and hydrate H2O for UO22+ ions. In addition to identifying a stable and retrievable adsorbent, the results generally elucidate UO22+ removal of MOFs composites.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Estimation of tolerance limits of inorganic quenchers on LED
fluorimetric determination of uranium-
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Abstract: This study reports the tolerance limits of a few inorganic quenchers on uranium fluorescence in presence of five different fluorescence enhancing reagents (FER) used in fluorimetric technique with LED (405 nm) as the excitation source. Fluorescence enhancing capacities of five different phosphate based reagents are compared. A 2 °C rise in temperature quenches the U fluorescence by 5% in all the FERs. Quenching effects of 11 ions in terms of their characteristic half concentration (C1/2) values were established. Based on the C1/2 values quenchers are classified as weak, moderate and strong.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Radioactivity of raw materials and wastes from zinc production in Serbia
and radiation risk for workers-
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Abstract: Raw materials and waste from the zinc industry represent a potential radiological hazard for workers in the industry, due to the potentially increased content of radionuclides. In this paper, the activity concentrations of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs were determined in several raw materials: zinc sulfide concentrate, zinc dust, antimony concentrate, pyrite ore, and some of the waste from process production: pyrite ash, EMCO, and Pb/Ag precipitate. The obtained values are around or below the average values for the soil. The obtained annual effective dose values for workers were well below 1 mSv y−1. It was determined that there is no particular radiation risk for workers, considering the maximum estimated dose was found to be 0.094 mSv y−1 for the antimony concentrate sample.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Estimation of radiological dose due to radon, thoron and their progeny in
indoor atmosphere of Shivamogga district, Karnataka, India-
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Abstract: This study reports the 222Rn, 220Rn, and their progeny concentration in Shivamogga district by using SSNTD’s based pin hole dosimeters and deposition-based progeny sensor. The average indoor 222Rn and 220Rn concentration varies from 8.14 to 146 Bq m−3 and 13.01 to 157 Bq m−3 with a mean value of 60.61 and 61.77 Bq m−3. The EEC for 222Rn and 220Rn ranges from 1.55 to 19 Bq m−3 and 0.44 to 6 Bq m−3 with a mean value of 7.29 and 2.66 Bq m−3. The annual average equilibrium factor for 222Rn is well within the global mean values of 0.4, while the thoron is bit higher than specified global mean values of 0.02. The annual effective dose varies from 0.31 to 2.5 mSvy−1 with a mean value of 1.1 mSvy−1.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- UCl3 synthesis in molten LiCl–KCl and NaCl–MgCl2 via galvanically
coupled uranium oxidation and FeCl2 reduction-
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Abstract: Molten salt mixtures containing LiCl–KCl and NaCl–MgCl2 have been infused with UCl3 via reaction of U metal and FeCl2. The process starts with base salt (LiCl–KCl or NaCl–MgCl2) drying/purification using hydrochlorination via bubbling anhydrous HCl. An auto-titrator running in pH-stat mode was used to determine the point at which there is no net reaction with the salt. U metal is contained in a porous stainless steel basket as it is submerged in the molten salt. The byproduct Fe metal forms dendrites on the basket walls, allowing for simple separation from the molten salt. Based on analysis of salt samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, UCl3 yield of 90% was attained in both NaCl-MgCl2 at 550 °C and in LiCl–KCl at 450 °C. Open circuit potential difference between a W rod working electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode indicated a UCl4 to UCl3 activity ratio of 1 × 10−5. The iron dendrites were comprised of linked cubic structures with length scale of about 50 µm.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Structure and aggregation behavior of pertechnetate/perrhenate in organic
phase in the extraction by tributyl phosphate-
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Abstract: The extraction of pertechnetate (TcO4−) and perrhenate (ReO4−) by tributyl phosphate (TBP) has been extensively studied, but the structure of the extracted species is subject to debate. In this work, the extraction behavior of TcO4− and ReO4− from both HNO3 and HCl media by TBP in n-dodecane was studied by examining the effects of acid concentration, extractant concentration, and temperature on the extraction. The two anions displayed similar extraction behavior in both the HNO3 and HCl systems, where the distribution ratio of TcO4− was slightly higher than that of ReO4−. The measurement of water content in the organic phase and dynamic light scattering were carried out, which in combination with the extraction behavior indicated that ReO4− was extracted as [H+ReO4−(H2O)8·(TBP)4] and formed microemulsions in the organic phase. Theoretical calculations were performed on the structure of both [H+ReO4−(H2O)8·(TBP)4] and [H+TcO4−(H2O)8·(TBP)4]. The TBP molecules interacted with the [H+ReO4−(H2O)8] and [H+TcO4−(H2O)8] clusters through hydrogen bonding between H2O and the O=P groups, i.e., ReO4− and TcO4− underwent outer-sphere coordination with TBP in the organic phase. Results in this work provide valuable insights into the structures of ReO4− and TcO4− extracted into the organic phase by TBP, and also assist in the analysis of TcO4− species in the PUREX process.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Neutron activation analysis of archaeometallurgical ancient artifacts
found in Uzbekistan-
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Abstract: The current work presents the results of neutron activation analysis applied to determine the elemental composition of ancient metallurgical slags found by archaeologists in the medieval settlement “Eski Khovos” in Uzbekistan. In Uzbekistan, archaeological artifacts, including products of archaeometallurgy, are predominantly studied using traditional descriptive techniques. Two slag-like object samples and three fragments of clay furnace walls were irradiated by thermal neutrons at the research reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbekistan. The comparative analysis method enabled the identification of up to 34 different chemical elements in these samples (As, Au, Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Ga, Hf, K, La, Lu, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Rb, Re, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, U, W, Yb, Zn). The findings of this study suggest that the fragments are remnants of blacksmithing slags. The established methods of neutron activation analysis and processing of characteristic gamma spectra of activated samples hold significant interest for archaeologists of Uzbekistan, as they provide valuable new insights into the provenance, production techniques, and technological advancements of the archaeological artifacts, which in turn contribute to a better understanding of the region's historical and cultural development.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Micro-mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate in typical urban
homes in Miri City (Sarawak, Malaysia)-
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Abstract: Micro-mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) at meter grid spacing in and around four urban homes in Miri City shows rates ranging from 70 to 150 nGy/h. Tiled surfaces (floors and walls) vary between properties and have a clear and significant influence on TGRD which is highest in kitchens, washrooms and toilets. Application of a single indoor value for annual effective dose (AED) may lead to underestimations of up to 30%. The AED is unlikely to exceed 0.8 mSv in homes of this type in Miri, which is within recommended guidelines.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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- Selective separation of cesium from radioactive liquid waste by potassium
copper hexacyanoferrate (II)-clinoptilolite composite-
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Abstract: Potassium copper hexacyanoferrate (II)–clinoptilolite (KCuHCF–CL) composite was prepared for cesium removal in this study. The composite was characterized by FT-IR, SEM and TGA analyses. The effects of several factors such as contact time, temperature, concentration, pH and competitive ions were investigated. The prepared sorbents were better fitted to the pseudo-second order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was 1.001 mmol g−1 at 60 °C. The adsorption process onto the composite was thermodynamically feasible and endothermic. Cs adsorption capacity was highest in the pH range of 7 – 8, while the acidic and alkali conditions resulted in the decrease of adsorption ability. To examine the practical applicability, Cs removal test from the simulated wastewater was carried out. KCuHCF KCuHCF–CL composite shows the high selectivity, sufficient capacity and good applicability.
PubDate: 2023-06-01
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