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International Journal of Management Economics and Business
Number of Followers: 1

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2147-9208 - ISSN (Online) 2147-9194
Published by Bülent Ecevit University

[4 journals]

KNOWLEDGE SOURCES OF COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE IN STRATEGIC THOUGHT AND
POSITIVE LAW CONTEXT: A COMPARATIVE RESEARCH IN THE AUTOMOTIVE AND
COMMUNICATION INDUSTRIES
- Authors: Atılhan NAKTİYOK; Metin İKİZLER, Mehmet Emirhan KULA
  Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between strategic thinking, strategic planning and collecting information about competitors in the context of positive law within the high competition intensity industries. From this point of view, by making industry comparison, the information source priorities of the enterprises operating in the same market were also compared. Eventually, all of these applications were evaluated upon the appropriateness of the legal regulations governing the competition in Turkey in the light of the competitive intelligence professional ethics. In order to test the hypotheses created in line with the main purpose of the study, data were collected from 628 executives working in five large-scale companies from the automotive industry and three large-scale enterprises from the communication industry, and the developed hypotheses were evaluated with appropriate analysis methods. In addition, industrial differences are revealed by comparing the two industries with appropriate analysis.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INCOME INEQUALITY AND
ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EASTERN AND WESTERN EUROPE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF
KUZNETS INVERTED U HYPOTHESIS
- Authors: Sema KAZAZİ; Osman KÜÇÜKAHMETOĞLU, Mehmet ŞİŞMAN, Tahsin BAKIRTAŞ
  Abstract: The relationship between income inequality and economic growth has a very complex structure. Many studies show that economic growth has a positive or negative effect on income inequality or that there is no relationship between them. According to the data of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Eastern Europe is poorer than Western Europe. Besides, Eastern Europe has the effects of a planned economy and socialist (communist) economy. The socialist (communist) form of state administration has not been experienced in Western European countries (except Germany). In the study, the relationship between income inequality and economic growth in Eastern Europe and Western Europe for the years 1990-2015 has been analyzed using panel data analysis within the framework of the Kuznets hypothesis. Kuznets's inverse U hypothesis suggests that in the initial periods of economic development, income inequality increased, and income inequality remained constant for a while at the highest point it reached, and then declined in the period after that. In contrast to the Kuznets hypothesis, the relationship between income inequality and economic growth is U-shaped in Eastern European countries.. As real GDP per capita increases, income inequality first decreases and then increases. On the other hand, in Western European countries, no significant relationship has been found between income inequality and economic growth.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
A PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON UNRULY PASSENGER CONCEPT IN CIVIL AVIATION
- Authors: Ramazan ÇOBAN
  Abstract: Unruly passenger incidents that threaten flight safety and security in the civil aviation sector have been increasing in recent years and bring many negative consequences for the sector. In this context, the purpose of this study conducted in the light of literature review, is to examine the causes of unruly passenger incidents in the civil aviation sector with a qualitative research. The phenomenological research method, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. The sample of the study consists of 203 unruly passenger incidents between 2005 and 2020, including passengers living in different geographical regions of the world. Document analysis method was used to collect data. The data obtained were subjected to content analysis with an inductive and descriptive approach using NVivo 12 program. As a result of the content analysis, seven themes that cause illegal passenger behavior were found. These themes are classified as reasons related to passengers, physical environment inside the aircraft, social environment inside the aircraft, failure to comply with the rules, airline service quality, reasons related to the airport and seasonal reasons. It is thought that the research will make an original contribution to the literature on the concept of unruly passenger and aviation security.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
FIELD RESEARCH ON THE AWARENESS OF TAXPAYERS’ RIGHTS
- Authors: Ulvi SANDALCI
  Abstract: In addition to the duties that taxpayers are obliged to perform in the taxation process, they also have a number of rights. With these rights, it is aimed to increase the satisfaction of taxpayers by protecting them against the administration. In line with this goal, many states have included the rights of taxpayers in the legal field by including them in the legislation or counted them among the duties of the administration. Depending on the understanding in the world, Turkey also issued a declaration of taxpayer rights and a Taxpayer Protection Board was established. In addition, general and special rights were granted to taxpayers and their rights were determined during the tax review process. Awareness of these rights is as important as the rights granted to taxpayers. The degree to which taxpayers dominate the rights they have will make the protection of the taxpayer, which is the basis of these rights, effective, and will positively improve the trust and view of the administration. In the study, the effects of tax education, tax expert, tax processing intensity and tax dispute variables were tested on the awareness of taxpayers ' rights. In the study conducted with binary logistic regression analysis, it was found that tax education, tax expert, tax processing intensity has an effect on awareness of taxpayers' rights. A statistically significant relationship was not found in tax dispute.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
GREEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
FROM EMERGING COUNTRIES
- Authors: Sedat ALATAŞ
  Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between energy consumption and green economic growth for 21 emerging countries over the period 1993-2015 by controlling the impact of trade openness, technological development, and urbanization. The empirical evidence is based on the cointegration tests and mean group estimators, which address the issue of heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. We obtain that the impact of renewable energy consumption on green economic growth is statistically significant and negative in emerging countries. It means that the use of renewable energy is far from stimulating sustainable economic growth in these countries. The findings reveal important policy implications for achieving green economic growth in emerging economies.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
THE RELATIONSHIP OF TOURISM REVENUES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY: THE
ARDL APPROACH
- Authors: İsmail Cem ÖZKURT; Bülent BİLGİR
  Abstract: Tourism can be defined as activities carried out for the purpose of exploring historical and natural beauties, visiting, resting and having fun without the purpose of settlement. The tourism sector has an important place in the economies of the developing countries, thanks to the employment it creates, the foreign exchange inflows it provides and its ability to encourage investments, as well as its share in reducing foreign trade deficits. With this study, it is aimed to evaluate the impact of the tourism revenues on the Turkey’s economic growth. In the econometric analysis phase of the study covering 1980-2020, an econometric model was created using Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and tourism revenues to represent tourism. In the model created, the relationship between tourism revenues and GDP was examined with the help of ARDL cointegration analysis.As a result, according to the ARDL model, which was made to measure the validity of the hypothesis that tourism revenues affect economic growth, as stated in the theoretical part of the study, it was determined that tourism revenues affected economic growth in the long term stable and significantly and there was a long-term cointegration relationship between the variables. According to the results obtained from the error correction model, it is seen that the short and long term are integrated.It will be an important element in the sustainable growth process that Turkey grows its hidden power in tourism and in this context, diversifying its tourism revenues and turning to increasing policies.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
THE EFFECT OF COMMERCIAL OPENNESS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RISING MARKET
ECONOMIES: AN ECONOMETRIC APPLICATION
- Authors: Ferhat İSPİROĞLU
  Abstract: Commercial openness is the elimination of the controls on the trade of goods and services and the provision of free trade at the international level. The ratio of total trade volume to GDP shows the importance of international trade in an economy. This ratio is also regarded as the degree of globalization of an economy. The study examines the effect of trade openness on economic growth in a total of 18 emerging market economies. In this regard, the economic growth rate being a constant variable, trade openness, foreign direct investments and gross fixed capital investments data were used in the period 1992-2015. As a result of the panel data analysis, it was concluded that all the variables used had a positive effect on growth in emerging market economies. In the causality tests applied in the analysis, a two-way relationship between commercial openness, gross fixed capital investments and economic growth was determined. It is concluded that there is a one-way relationship from economic growth to foreign direct investments.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
GENDER WAGE GAP IN TURKEY: A THREEFOLD BLINDER-OAXACA DECOMPOSITION
- Authors: İsmail ŞENTÜRK; Özlem DEMİR
  Abstract: From past to present, women have faced many problems in social and economic life based on gender discrimination. Especially the discrimination they face in professional life (orientation towards the profession, recruitment process, promotion, wage gap etc.) pushes the women out of the labor market. Improving the rights of women in working life and preventing discrimination play a significant role in the sustainable development of the countries. Therefore, this study aims to examine the determinants of wage gap based on gender. In accordance with this aim, Household labor data of Turkish Statistical Institute was used. First of all, Heckman sample selection method was applied. Then, determinants of the wage gap were tried to be determined with Blinder-Qaxaca decomposition. According to the obtained findings, residing regions, age, marital status, education, vocational education, public-private sector distinction, unregistered employment and way of working (part-full time) were determined to be effective. Furthermore, manufacturing, trade and service sectors were found to have important effects. According to the findings of the study, special policies that regulate the wage level can be developed for regions where wage gap is high. In addition, education of women should be encouraged, especially at university level, since educational level plays an important role in determining the wage. In all the examined sectors, it was found that women can earn more than men when they are treated equally. In this regard, the biggest difference will be made in service, manufacturing and trade industries, respectively.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS RELATION: PANEL CAUSALITY ANALYSIS WITH REGIONAL DATA
FOR TURKEY
- Authors: Burcu HİÇYILMAZ
  Abstract: Aiming to increase exports only as absolute value and not focusing on value added will not result in any other than bringing the increase in imports in a country where exports depend on imports. Turkey is one of the most important examples that are experiencing this problem. The success of the national target depends on the performance of regional and local trade strategies. This study aims to reveal in which regions export is dependent on imports by analyzing the causality relationship between exports and imports. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study using regional data. In order to analyze the causality relations, Emirmahmutoğlu-Köse (2011) panel Granger causality test is employed. The analysis is conducted with using monthly data covering the period from January 2002 to December 2019 for regions of Turkey. Individual results have showed that six regions had bidirectional causality while four regions had unidirectional causality between exports and imports. As for panel results, it has showed that there are bidirectional causality between exports and imports.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL CONDITIONS INDEX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF
BRICS-T
- Authors: Ayşegül Ladin SÜMER; Nur AYDIN
  Abstract: The financial conditions index is the reference index used as a key component of a series of financial series. It aims to guide traditional macroeconomic models by taking into account the fluctuations in the business cycle.In this context, the effect of overnight interest, stock and real effective exchange rate on economic growth in the period of 1999:M1-2020:M2, representing the financial conditions index in BRICS-T countries, was examined. In the study was used panel data analysis method which takes into account cross-section dependence. According to the long-term analysis results obtained in BRICS-T countries, an increase of 10% in overnight interest and stocks reduces the economic growth by 0.4% and 0.1%, respectively. In other words, the effect of financial conditions on economic growth in BRICS-T countries is negative.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
RANKING OF CRYPTOCURRENCY ALTERNATIVES USING THE FUZZY TOPSIS METHOD
- Authors: V. Sinem ARIKAN KARGI
  Abstract: Changes have been occurring in many areas with the rapid technological development and so common usage of the internet. One of the changing areas is Cryptocurrencies which are the tools to invest in. Cryptocurrencies are types of digital currency that have several advantages such as having a higher security level, benefiting from cryptographic systems, and being independent of central authority. Because of these advantages, Cryptocurrencies have started to become more prevalent to invest in. In this study, cryptocurrency alternatives, which are intented to use for invesment, have been determined and evaluated with the fuzzy TOPSIS method. As a result of the study, the most appropriate ranking alternatives have been determined for investors who consider investing in crypto money. However, only a few studies have been conducted on cryptocurrency using fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods. The current research is a unique study, as it ranks the top ten traded cryptocurrencies in the market using the fuzzy TOPSIS method.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC ON FINANCIAL
ANXIETY, WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND SOCIAL ISOLATION LEVELS OF EMPLOYEES
- Authors: Bumin Çağatay AKSU; Barış ORAK
  Abstract: The Covid 19 pandemic has created a great transformation in business life and created a new working order. With the pandemic, activities of enterprises were interrupted and there were layoffs. The governments of many states have imposed dismissal bans, but this time employees were either put on unpaid leave or had to live with little support. Consequently, the financial situation of individuals deteriorated. Additionly, many businesses have switched to the remote working model with the pandemic. Whereby, it is possible that the work-life balance and social relations of the employees will be damaged. With this research, relations between the social isolation levels, work-life balances and financial anxiety levels of the healthcare workers were examined. It was tried to determine whether the work-life balance, financial anxiety levels and social isolation levels of the healthcare workers before and after the Covid 19 pandemic showed a significant difference. Thus, it was aimed to determine the current situation by revealing the effects of the Covid 19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Hereby, it’s observed that the social isolation levels and financial anxiety levels of healthcare workers in the post Covid 19 pandemic situation are significantly higher than before the Covid 19 pandemic, while the average of work-life balance is significantly lower.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMIC ABILITIES APPROACH ACCORDING TO THE
VISUAL MAPPING TECHNIQUE
- Authors: Ebru DEMİREL
  Abstract: The aim of this study is to examine the various contributions of scientific research on dynamic abilities using a bibliometric approach between the years 1992-2021 and to provide detailed information to researchers so that they can conduct research on the subject. The data used in the research were obtained from 777 articles in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Within the scope of mapping based on text data and analysis based on bibliographic data on dynamic capabilities, VOSviewer software program was used to obtain network maps and density images of countries, organizations, sources, authors and citations. In this way, important authors, organizations, publishers, countries and outlines have been determined for those who will work on dynamic abilities with the application of bibliometric methods and techniques. In this context, the results of the analysis are a guide for those who want to work in this field.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
THE EFFECT OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE VOICE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF
SOCIAL LEARNING AND SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORIES: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF
PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY
- Authors: Nergiz ÇETİN KILIÇ; Gül ESER
  Abstract: Employee voice, which means that employees voluntarily express their ideas, opinions, and concerns to contribute to the organization, is gaining more importance for organizations. Although the importance of employee voice is emphasized in the literature, it is also stated that there is a gap in the explanation of leadership behaviors and psychological mechanisms that encourage this behavior. In order to respond to recent calls, the purpose of this research is to examine the effect of ethical leadership on employee voice and the role of psychological safety in this relationship, based on Social Exchange Theory and Social Learning Theory. Research data were collected online via survey method from 337 white-collar employees working in organizations in various sectors in Istanbul. Research data were performed validity, reliability, and structural equation model analysis. We found that ethical leadership has a positive effect on employee voice and psychological safety has a mediating role in this relationship, consistent with the theoretical structure. Our research contributes theoretically to enhance existing knowledge and understanding of the literature on employee voice and offers suggestions for future research. Besides, our research provides practical implications for management processes by emphasizing the importance of ethical leadership and psychological safety for the promotion of employee voice in the workplace.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
ASYMMETRIC PASS-THROUGH OF CHANGE IN OIL PRICES TO CONSUMER AND PRODUCER
PRICES
- Authors: Anıl AKÇAĞLAYAN; Selçuk GEMİCİOĞLU
  Abstract: In this study, we examine the asymmetric pass-through effect of Brent crude oil price changes on producer and consumer price index in Turkey for the period between 1998:Q1-2019:Q4. Based on an augmented Phillips curve framework, the asymmetric effects of changes in oil prices expressed in both US Dollars and TL on the consumer price (CPI) and producer price index (PPI) are investigated with NARDL. The bound test for cointegration expresses the evidence between the oil price and the output gap. Our results show that the existence of asymmetric effects of oil prices on both inflation rates in the long run. Our estimations support a significant positive relation between crude oil price increases and inflation rates. However, the decline in oil prices either does not affect the inflation rate or effects them relatively low. According to the estimation results, a 1 percent increase in the oil price expressed in Turkish lira causes an increase of 0,27 percent and 0,18 percent in the consumer and producer inflation rates respectively. The positive shock of 1 percent in crude oil prices expressed in US dollars causes an increase of 0,21 percent and 0,17 percent in consumer and producer price indices, respectively.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
R&D SPENDING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: AN INVESTIGATION IN AN
EMERGING MARKET
- Authors: Nasıf ÖZKAN
  Abstract: The study aims to investigate the relationship between the R&D spending of twenty-five industrial sub-sectors consisting of the largest 500 industrial firms of Turkey and their financial performances between 2013 and 2019. In this context, the effect of current and lagged R&D spending of the sub-sectors on return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and return on sales (ROS) analyzed with panel data models. As this study is one of the first to explore the relationship between R&D spending at the sectoral level data in a developing country such as Turkey and financial performance, it holds great importance. The findings of the study demonstrate that current year R&D spending of the sub-sectors affect their financial performance negatively and this impact turns positive after a year. However, this positive effect cannot be preserved and turns back to negative in the long term. The robustness test also supports these empirical findings. Therefore, it is suggested that R&D spending should be made steadily and the industrial sector should focus on the long-term returns of R&D spending to sustain the positive impact on financial performance.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030
THE GROWTH-WATER CONSUMPTION-EMISSIONS NEXUS IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY USE:
A SECTORAL ANALYSIS
- Authors: Reyhan ÖZEŞ ÖZGÜR
  Abstract: Due to its growing population and economic structure, Turkey is a country whose need for water and energy resources is increasing significantly. In particular, the increase in energy needs poses a significant problem for a country dependent on energy at significant rates, such as Turkey. The orientation towards renewable energy use is an important alternative both in terms of reducing external dependence on energy and environmental problems. This study aims at analyzing the impacts of alternative energy-use and economic growth scenarios that would comply with 2023 economic targets of Turkey. Analysis are carried out by utilizing 2014 input-output table. As a result of two different scenarios in which medium-high technology industries and high technology are included, it has been determined that the economy has achieved relatively higher growth rates with the use of alternative energy. However, it was determined that in the first scenario where industries with medium-high technology are analyzed, higher economic growth rate was reached with the cost of higher water consumption and emissions.
  PubDate: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +030