Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles) ISSN (Print) 0010-3802 - ISSN (Online) 1468-2656 Published by Oxford University Press[419 journals]
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Authors:Pearce R. Pages: 187 - 191 Abstract: It is with mixed feelings that I sit down to write this introduction to the second Community Development Journal issue of 2022. This is my first contribution as Editor, and I feel moved by the sheer breadth, depth, and urgency of contributions to the journal. This issue includes insights from seven countries across four continents, addressing a great range of topics, from social work to anticorruption movements, from displacement via gentrification and forced migration to the processes of inclusive local governance. It is an honour to work with these ideas, and I hope they will be inspirational for readers’ research and practice. PubDate: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsac004 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Wong K. Pages: 234 - 259 Abstract: AbstractCommunity work and empowerment are contested concepts that have been co-opted for political purposes. With the rising focus in welfare provision for older adults in light of the ageing population worldwide, there is a need to understand the current forms of empowerment in community work with older adults. This review plugs the research gap by reviewing studies of community work with older adults in the social work field. An electronic search of studies published between 2009 and 2019 on three major databases for social science research was conducted. Eleven papers were included in the review and compared through a coding frame. The conceptualization of empowerment, the theoretical framework, approach to community intervention and the nature of the intervention was examined. Most of the reviewed interventions involved social planning where the participation of older adults was enlisted to address a problem identified by professionals, but there was little theoretical overlap in the studies. The findings underscore gaps present in the theoretical understanding of empowerment and how the well-being of older adults is advanced through community work. PubDate: Fri, 08 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa064 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2021)
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Authors:Jha M. Pages: 192 - 212 Abstract: AbstractWith complex sociopolitical contours around the idea of ethnicity, identity and citizenship, communities are experiencing unprecedented violence and vulnerabilities. The life and circumstances of one of such contentious community, Rohingya, is a telling example of an assault on their identity, culture, and history. The state sponsored violence and persecution had forced them to flee Myanmar. Denied recognition, as refugee or asylum seeker anywhere in the world, more than a million people from the community has become ‘stateless’ and living in a precarious condition in the camps in Bangladesh. This article explains the process whereby a community’s identity and citizenship were undermined, forcing them to become a stateless community. The article explores: what role identity, ethnicity, and politics play vis-a-vis minority communities at the ‘margin’' What complex challenges does it pose for community work and how community work attempts to take on that challenge' The article explains how sociocultural specificity poses a challenge for community workers to rely on their received wisdom. Therefore, approaches, strategies, and skills require substantive modification and alignment. Drawing upon personal interviews with key informants (coordinators of humanitarian response, community leaders, camp residents, and host community) and analysis of the documentary sources, the article brings forth the nature and character of community work undertaken by people coming from the varied disciplinary background. PubDate: Fri, 02 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa045 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Bolton C. Pages: 213 - 233 Abstract: AbstractFollowing Newman and Goetz’s call for ‘a critical turn in community development practice and research’ and Fursova’s call for ‘community development as a critical practice aimed at advancing the commons’, this paper argues for a critical community development praxis around gentrification that emphasizes anti-displacement policy. It is more important than ever to look beyond market-friendly strategies and the site of the neighbourhood to shape municipal policy in favour of the ‘right to stay put’. As city governments begin to take the loss of affordable housing in urban centers more seriously, community developers can use vital, localized knowledge to strengthen legislative outcomes. I use a case study of a faith-based community development conference circuit to highlight and analyse the limitations of market-based community development and the promising possibilities of anti-displacement policy advocacy. PubDate: Thu, 29 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa049 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Schutte D. Pages: 260 - 276 Abstract: AbstractCommunity development lacks a proper theory. This paper postulates that the reason for this intolerable state being that community development has been hijacked by charity organizations and politicians with ‘do good’ intentions, simply because it lacks proper scientific theory that offers some element of prediction in the outcome. Current development approaches are revisited and the basic needs theory proposed as a useful theory that takes community development beyond just various ‘approaches’. It merges the complexities of the community development concept into a distinct scientifically based theory that includes an assessment technique (Priority Index), which makes it possible to identify and prioritize the basic or ‘true’ needs in a community. The theory equates addressing the basic community needs with the ‘art of timing’, which means doing the right thing at the right time is the only real solution to trigger the upward development spiral. In doing so, the basic needs theory postulates that once the identified basic needs in the target community are brought within their locus of control, the upward development spiral is triggered and a predictably new set of ‘higher level’ needs will emerge. This process is essential to the change principle inherent to the community development process. PubDate: Wed, 21 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa050 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Green R; Baker C. Pages: 277 - 294 Abstract: AbstractThis article explores and extrapolates an emerging concept within community practice: namely that of organic community co-production. The concept is influenced by previous uses of the term ‘organic’, specifically as applied by Tönnies in relation to certain types of community, and Gramsci in respect of a concept of leadership. Our development of the term has been generated within the context of reflective practitioner experience, located in a community-led action campaign Voice4Deptford, in South East London. The case study explores the interdisciplinary roots of this form of co-production. It highlights the way that these pre-existing principles and methods have been adapted, reflected upon and improvised in the light of 30 years’ grassroots engagement by Green to evolve a bespoke approach that we are proposing to call ‘organic community coproduction’.The case study outlines several original dimensions or modalities of community organic co-production including; stepping aside; the academic as a non-expert and giving voice. It unpacks the different elements of impact and transformation, that are consequent upon organic community co-production. These include; evidence of change; working together and community reflective time. The article concludes with a discussion of the issues involved in reframing of local power, the campaigns early successes and its continuing challenges. PubDate: Fri, 02 Oct 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa038 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Kumar S; Kumar D, Sengupta K, et al. Pages: 295 - 318 Abstract: AbstractTo achieve social justice, equality, and quality of life under the concerted efforts deliberated for community development, countries engage in a range of interventions focusing on participation, capacity building, and sustainability. In this study, we examine two specific characteristics of livelihood interventions, development and empowerment; their relationship; and impact on community well-being. The findings suggest that while outcomes related to development and empowerment processes have a positive but meagre impact on community well-being, there is lack of continuum between them and the relationship is conditioned by convergence and governance. Further, insights from interviews also suggest that though there are institutional voids, challenging changing context, and variations in the way mobilization and participation are employed, those that will integrate good governance and strong convergence can deliver better outcomes. PubDate: Sat, 21 Nov 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa055 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Pandeya G; Oyama T, Acharya C. Pages: 319 - 338 Abstract: AbstractBased on extensive fieldwork in two rural villages, this paper qualitatively examines how social mobilization initiatives influence local government (LG) performance in Nepal. LG mobilized community people to empower them for their effective participation in local planning and decision-making processes. Comparing with the prior period of mobilization, evidence demonstrates that mobilization promises to boost LG performance through empowering communities to enhance their agency and entitlements, promoting democratic and effective citizen participation, and strengthening LG responsiveness and social accountability. But these connections are not straightforward, as there appeared discrepancies in parallel in recognizing equal participation rights of disadvantaged groups and equitable distribution of public resources among social groups. The findings imply that mobilization can be an effective strategy for tackling many challenges of participatory institutions, as it tends to create social pressures for making participatory institutions more democratic and changing the local power dynamics in favour of disadvantaged groups. PubDate: Mon, 16 Nov 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa058 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Thompson N; Nasimi R. Pages: 339 - 359 Abstract: AbstractThis paper draws on a case study of a community-based organization working with marginalized Muslim women in London from refugee and migrant backgrounds. The organization delivers a model of practice that involves English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) classes, practical/informative workshops, and social integration in a women-only community space rather than these elements being accessed separately in often formal spaces. The article draws on data collected as part of the first year of an evaluation of a three-year funded project to engage the women. The data include registration information about the participant group, a bespoke workshop evaluation form completed by the women each month, and interviews with beneficiaries, volunteers, and staff. Our research finds that an integrated, bottom-up approach is successful in engaging isolated women and impacts on their lives through increased well-being, knowledge and skills, empowerment, and freedom. Whilst asset-focused interventions have become dominant in community development, there is a danger that a deliberate focus away from the needs of vulnerable groups may cement rather than tackle inequalities, and collude with a political and neoliberal agenda that promotes individualism and austerity. We argue it is necessary to develop interventions that respond to the needs of marginalized groups before building on people’s strengths to address them. Our case study offers evidence for this. PubDate: Sat, 22 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa029 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Sakib N. Pages: 360 - 379 Abstract: AbstractIn the past few years, community organizing has been initiated by different government and non-government organizations in corruption prevention through creating social awareness and motivation. The question arises: Can community-based organizations or community organizing empower people to raise their voice to prevent corruption' Based on empirical evidence, this research argues that engaging the community in anti-corruption initiatives can be an effective way to avert corruption and empower people’s voice. The finding shows that anti-corruption initiatives through spontaneous individual and collective involvement at the local level have an impact on creating accountability and transparency. Despite several challenges, these group and individual efforts have had significant results in promoting anti-corruption efforts in Bangladesh. Effective anti-corruption initiatives in engaging the community need ‘spontaneous’ participation by individuals or groups. As such, the government should give primacy of these individuals and groups and use them to create more formalized corruption watchdog bodies at the sub-regional level and make it a stronger National Integrity Systems foundation. PubDate: Thu, 06 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa027 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Authors:Manchikanti J. Pages: 380 - 382 Abstract: Funding, Power and Community DevelopmentNiamhMcCrea and FergalFinnegan, Policy Press, 2019, 197 pages, ISBN 978-1-4473-3617-4, £29.99. PubDate: Fri, 11 Sep 2020 00:00:00 GMT DOI: 10.1093/cdj/bsaa034 Issue No:Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020)
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Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
[419 journals]
