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Authors:Melissa Buice Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. This article observes developments in the construction of a controversial highway project through the protected TIPNIS territory in Bolivia’s Amazonian region between 2003 and 2021. The case study uses theories of political opportunity structure to guide the qualitative investigation about how indigenous groups confronted uncertain domestic and international institutional conditions. To confront divisive obstacles at home, activists ultimately developed strategies for operating within the formal rules and institutions while also creating their own “alternate” or informal sites of contestation at the international and domestic levels. This article ends with a discussion of the significance and power of these alternative institutions to influence policy. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-05-28T08:46:42Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221104553
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Authors:Mustafa Kutlay, Ziya Öniş Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. The future of liberal democracy appears to be uncertain. This article develops a holistic approach to examine the prospects of liberal democracy by focusing on how three main regime types—that is, “established democratic regimes,” “hybrid regimes,” and “established authoritarian regimes”—interact with each other. We argue structural global political economy trends, which largely created the current authoritarian populist tide, remain strong despite signs of democratic renewal emerged with the recent new green Keynesian turn in established Western democracies, a more unified transatlantic response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine and growing political-economic fragility of key hybrid regimes ruled by authoritarian populist leaders. Also, the resilience of various types of autocracies which co-exist and reinforce one another through economic linkages and political coalitions should not be underestimated, especially demonstrative effects of the Russia–China partnership. Both democratic and authoritarian forms of capitalism face serious problems of income and wealth inequality, raising challenges over “performance legitimacy” in both regime types. In this context, the performance and political-economic orientation of hybrid regimes will have a crucial bearing on the fortunes of liberal democracy on a global scale. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-05-25T09:18:32Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221096511
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Authors:Ali Bilgic, Jordan Pilcher Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. Status-seeking practices of some states from the Global South have increasingly been studied in the status literature in International Relations. The existing debates, whilst developing significant advances recently, still fail to account for and theorise both status anxieties of postcolonial states and the intrinsic relation between them and existential anxieties. This article will address this gap through utilising an ontological security perspective on status-seeking. By focusing on subjectivities (not solely on identities as conventionally done in the status literature) and introducing subject production to the process of status-seeking, this article conceptualises status in relation to identity narratives of the subject to achieve ‘wholeness’ in hierarchical social orders. This novel post-structuralist understanding of status and status-seeking through the introduction of a Lacanian theorisation of ontological security offers an alternative perspective to approaches in status debates to understand status anxieties of postcolonial states better. The conceptual discussion will be illustrated through demonstrating Turkey’s status anxiety in relation to its paid-off debt to International Monetary Fund. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-05-19T10:57:55Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221086170
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Authors:Ali Balci, Tuncay Kardaş, Yıldırım Turan, İsmail Ediz First page: 67 Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. When does the war party win in the decision-making process' Why does the peace party lose even if war is too risky' In this article, we show that certain balancing acts of the peace party might increase the confidence of the war party. We examine how the Ottoman Empire’s risky Crimean War decision and its war declaration against Russia on 4 October 1853 were shaped by internal debating through time, foreign penetration, and dynamic interplay between the Ottoman decision makers and a changing European strategic environment. The large literature on the Crimean War does not include a systematic analysis of the Ottoman origins of the Crimean War and the Ottoman war decision. We trace the Ottoman decision-making process in the fateful months of 1853 to establish the origins of the Crimean War. We empirically demonstrate the gradual formation of the Porte’s war decision by showing how the peace front stumbled upon war by inadvertently changing the decision structure in favor of the war party within a year. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-04-30T10:36:28Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221095306
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Authors:Majed MH Al-Ansari, Bulent Aras, Nihat Mugurtay First page: 84 Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the foreign aid behavior of new donors on humanitarian cooperation' The non–OECD-DAC donors, such as Qatar, try to adapt to the new environment of development and humanitarian aid under COVID-19 pandemic. Qatar has successfully used public diplomacy to deal with regional geopolitical challenges. In this sense, the current situation presents an opportunity to Qatar for opening up to new geographies. This research analyzes Qatar’s foreign aid, utilizing a novel dataset on Qatar’s foreign aid interactions before and during the pandemic. These interactions show Qatar’s main recipients of foreign aid, with which country, income group and geography it interacts more. This dataset is essential to demonstrate Qatar’s priorities in humanitarian diplomacy as well. The pandemic makes this dataset even more interesting because it is worthwhile to investigate how a global health shock might affect the aid behavior of a new donor. Our analysis shows that Qatar has increased its foreign aid interactions compared to the pre-pandemic period. Qatar’s foreign aid regime is evolving according to income group and geographical differentiation, new communications with different recipients, revealing the country’s aspirations to be a global donor. However, Qatar’s foreign aid also has many limitations that negatively affect its global status. These factors are related to Qatar’s insistence on providing aid to specific regions and countries. Although Qatar has increased its humanitarian aid interaction with underdeveloped countries and disadvantaged geographies, the country privileges certain countries and geographies. The income group diversification in Qatar’s foreign aid policy does not manifest a strong positive inclination toward LDCs. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-04-15T02:28:20Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221082899
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Authors:Ricardo Martinez First page: 100 Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. The article delves into the legitimation strategies enacted by city networks to raise their profile within the state-centric global governance architecture, contributing to the body of literature on the rising transnational dynamism of cities from the unexplored angle of legitimacy. It offers a case study on the largest of these networks, United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG). Building on interpretive policy analysis, the article identifies in the social construction of the frame of the localization of the UN global agendas a narrative that organizes the networked orchestration of the political agency of cities in the global urban age. Through a trans-scalar storyline that connects the local and global scale, UCLG frames the international consensus and common language underpinning the multilateral global agendas as a political opportunity to the benefit of its members. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-05-07T07:45:26Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221095303
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Authors:Amal Abu-Bakare First page: 115 Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. This is an eight-page reflection piece on gatekeeping in IR knowledge production and the politics that goes into presenting national racial contestations as issues unworthy of international study and consideration. Premised on a personal experience of scholastic rejection, this commentary is a reflective intervention concerning the state of the field and the imperial connotations of methodological disciplinarity – the process in which IR research is restricted within disciplinary borders because of scholastic endeavours to keep the discipline pure. Here, using anti-imperial thought, I press for deeper consideration and re-evaluation of how academics come to decide which experiences of the world should be deemed worthy of global recognition and where the boundaries of IR should come to an end. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-03-03T12:30:20Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221076965
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Authors:Lacin I. Oztig First page: 123 Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print. Global South scholars have a lot to offer to the IR discipline in terms of new ways of producing knowledge. However, there is a huge difference between the Global North and the Global South in terms of knowledge production in the discipline. The US and Western Europe take the lead in IR research. There is also a vast inequality within the Global South. Some Global South regions are more integrated with the global IR community and more visible in IR journals, while other regions are almost invisible. This commentary provides a glimpse into the dynamics of knowledge production and discusses the ways in which the Global South could be more integrated to the global IR community. Citation: Alternatives PubDate: 2022-05-10T12:32:38Z DOI: 10.1177/03043754221095304
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Authors:Ozgur Pala First page: 128 Abstract: Alternatives, Ahead of Print.
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