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Abstract: Abstract Using data for 387 Nobel Prize winners in physics, chemistry, or physiology/medicine from 1901 to 2000, this study focuses on the relation between the timing of prestigious awards and human longevity. In particular, it uses a linear regression model to examine how a winner’s longevity is affected by (1) the age at which the prestigious award is won, (2) the total number of prestigious awards collected, and (3) the delay between the Nobel Prize work and recognition. To alleviate estimation issues stemming from survival selection, we conduct our analyses using subsamples of surviving individuals and controlling for age-specific life expectancy. Our results suggest that receiving the Nobel Prize at a younger age is related to a longer expected lifespan (e.g., obtaining the Nobel Prize 10 years earlier is associated with an additional 1 year of lifespan compared to the average population life expectancy). The results also point to a strong negative association between the age of receiving major scientific awards and relative life expectancy, which further indicates the benefit of early recognition. Yet, we did not find evidence suggesting that the number of prestigious awards received at an earlier age correlated with longevity. Nor are we able to observe that the duration between Nobel Prize work and the award reception (waiting time for the Nobel Prize recognition) is associated with changes in longevity. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract New academic knowledge in journal articles is partly built on peer reviewed research already published in journals or books. Academics can also draw from non-academic sources, such as the websites of organisations that publish credible information. This article investigates trends in the academic citing of this type of grey literature for 17 health, media, statistics, and large international organisations, with a focus on Covid-19. The results show substantial and steadily increasing numbers of citations to all 17 sites, with larger increases from 2019 to 2020. In 2020, Covid-19 citations to these websites were particularly common for news organisations, the WHO, and the UK Office for National Statistics, apparently for up-to-date information in the rapidly changing circumstances of the pandemic. Except for the UN, the most cited URLs of each organisation were not traditional report-like grey literature but were other types, such as news stories, data, statistics, and general guidance. The Covid-19 citations to most of these websites originated primarily from medical research, commonly for coronavirus data and statistics. Other fields extensively cited some of the non-health websites, as illustrated by social science (including psychology) studies often citing UNESCO. The results confirm that grey literature from major websites has become even more important within academia during the pandemic, providing up-to-date information from credible sources despite a lack of academic peer review. Researchers, reviewers, and editors should accept that it is reasonable to cite this information, when relevant, and evaluators should value academic work that supports these non-academic outputs. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Examining research patterns across scientific fields constitutes a growing research enterprise to understand how global knowledge production unfolds. However, scattered empirical evidence has casted light on how the publication diversity of the most productive scholars differ across disciplines, considering their gender and geographical representation. This study focuses on the most prolific scholars across three fields (Communication, Political Science, and Psychology), and examine all journals where they have published. Results revealed the most common journals in which prolific scholars have appeared and showed that Communication scholars are more prone to publish in Political Science and Psychology journals than vice-versa, while psychologists’ largely neglect them both. Our findings also demonstrate that males and US scholars are over-represented across fields, and that neither the field, gender, geographic location, or the interaction between gender and geographic location has a significant influence over publication diversity. The study suggests that prolific scholars are not only productive, but also highly diverse in the selection of the journals they publish, which directly speaks to both the heterogeneity of their research contributions and target readers. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Judging value of scholarly outputs quantitatively remains a difficult but unavoidable challenge. Most of the proposed solutions suffer from three fundamental shortcomings: they involve (i) the concept of journal, in one way or another, (ii) calculating arithmetic averages from extremely skewed distributions, and (iii) binning data by calendar year. Here, we introduce a new metric Co-citation Percentile Rank (CPR), that relates the current citation rate of the target output taken at resolution of days since first citable, to the distribution of current citation rates of outputs in its co-citation set, as its percentile rank in that set. We explore some of its properties with an example dataset of all scholarly outputs from University of Jyväskylä spanning multiple years and disciplines. We also demonstrate how CPR can be efficiently implemented with Dimensions database API, and provide a publicly available web resource JYUcite, allowing anyone to retrieve CPR value for any output that has a DOI and is indexed in the Dimensions database. Finally, we discuss how CPR remedies failures of the Relative Citation Ratio (RCR), and remaining issues in situations where CPR too could potentially lead to biased judgement of value. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Research on science communication, especially from scientists’ point of view, is rare in the Indian context. This first of its kind study in India explores the perceptions and attitudes toward science communication of senior and experienced Indian scientists (N = 259). Based on a cross-sectional survey of scientists who are elected fellows of three Indian national science academies, it provides a snapshot of what Indian scientists think about their involvement, performance, and experience in public engagement activities and the perceived impact of their involvement in such activities. It also provides a diagnosis about the use of different ways of public communication by Indian scientists. The results show that almost all the respondents have participated in some science communication activity during their careers, and the majority of their affiliated institutions organized such activities. A vast majority of the respondents had a positive experience in public engagement and expressed willingness to engage in the future as well. More than three-quarters of the respondents personally enjoyed taking part in science communication while feeling that they were confident and well-equipped to communicate their research. The results from this survey are discussed with possible implications for future policies on science communication by scientists and devising appropriate inventions for enhancing their engagement. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Special issues are a unique mode of scholarly communication designed to highlight essential or emerging research themes through high-quality manuscripts. Special issues are increasingly becoming a fixture across a wide range of disciplines. Yet whether publishing special issues is necessarily a beneficial practice remains controversial. In this paper, we explore whether the actual effect of special issues meets the academic community’s expectations, which is to enhance citation impact and highlight important research topics. Our sample, which comprises all special issue articles in all disciplines published between 2008 and 2017, reveals that there has been a proliferation of special issues across countries, institutions, and journals, with some differences among the disciplines. Opportunities to appear in special issues are more given to countries/institutions that achieved the highest overall research output. The effectiveness of special issues in promoting academic development varies across disciplines and even across journals. Honing in on library and information science as a case area to explore citation impacts and the topic distribution of special issues, we find that many special issues present high-impact manuscripts, especially those of the less prominent journals. However, the issue of publishing low impact manuscripts through special issues also exists in many fields. Special issues are also more likely to publish interdisciplinary or cross-disciplinary articles and rarely discussed research themes compared to regular issues. Further, such topics are seldom explored on a large scale in the normal editions of the journal. To ensure the quality of the manuscripts, we recommend optimizing the procedures for selecting special issue topics and reviewing submissions. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Examining the relationships among scientific disciplines is important today, but existing methods are limited by the contents and structure of their bibliographic databases. We therefore demonstrate a novel approach that measures disparity by examining the organization of published scientific books and monographs into Library of Congress Subject Headings. After outlining the method and analyses conducted, we compare our results with those produced by prior works, note potential implications of the demonstrated method for use by bibliometric practitioners, and suggest directions for further research. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Based on the data of 1882 Chinese doctoral students in social science fields, this study examined the initial placement of PhD holders in the academic labor market. Findings indicate the research network of doctorate holders is significantly related to their academic career identity attainment. There was an inverted U-shape curve between the research network scale and the probability of pursuing an academic career. Those occupying more structural hole locations were more likely to choose an academic career. However, neither the scale nor location of the research network could guarantee a faculty position in a prestigious university or department. No significant correlation was found between the research network and academic career status attainment. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Bibliometric techniques and science mapping are widely employed in the research environment to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of scientific knowledge on a given topic. These techniques are essential to assist the researcher's work by guiding the compilation of the bibliography to support the theory discussion. To this objective, the Smart Bibliometrics was developed to facilitate bibliometric analysis and selection of theoretical references, embodied by a system that brings intelligence, dynamism, and agility to the scientific writing process. The innovation of this methodology is the fusion of two relevant criteria applied during the bibliometric analysis process: the application of a representative metric of classification of scientific papers and dynamic visuals strategically developed. The methodology differs for providing the user with dynamic navigation and interaction experience with the data collected, innovating the approach to reaching insights within the universe of discussions of the scientific community. In addition, as an innovation factor, the method is presented in a scalable Business Intelligence (BI) system that features blunt visuals, extensive analysis repertoire, intuitive navigation, and automated updating. The development was carried out in a cutting-edge technological platform to attend information and sharing intents by employing cloud computing resources, another feature that enables interaction among researcher groups also from different institutions. Additionally, it is not necessary to install any software. The output will be available for consultation, at any time and place, just by using one device with an internet connection. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: This study investigates to evaluate feasibility of k-means clustering algorithm in order to improve effectiveness of the results recommended by RICEST Journal Finder System. More than 15,000 papers published in filed of engineering journals during 2013–2017 were collected from their websites. Their titles, abstracts and keywords were extracted, normalized and processed in order to form the test body. According to the number of papers collected, using Cochran's formula, 400 papers completely relevant to the subject of each journal were randomly and proportionally selected and entered the system as queries in order to receive the journals recommended by the system before and after k-means clustering algorithm and the results were recorded. Finally, effectiveness of the system results was determined at each stage by leave-one-out cross validation method based on precision at K top ranked results. Also, opinions of subject reviewers on relevance of the target journal were investigated through a questionnaire. Results showed that before data clustering, only 40% of target journal was recommended at the first 3 ranks. But after k-means clustering algorithm, in more than 80% of searches, the target journal was retrieved at the first 3 ranks. Also, effectiveness of the recommendations, according to 210 subject reviewers, after k-means clustering algorithm, showed that more than 80% of the recommended journals are completely relevant to the given paper. According to the study results, data clustering can significantly increase effectiveness of the results recommended by journal recommender systems. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract Geographic proximity is acknowledged to be a key factor in research collaborations. Specifically, it can work as a possible substitute for institutional proximity. The present study investigates the relevance of the “proximity” effect for different types of national research collaborations. We apply a bibliometric approach based on the Italian 2010–2017 scientific production indexed in the Web of Science. On such dataset, we apply statistical tools for analyzing if and to what extent geographical distance between co-authors in the byline of a publication varies across collaboration types, scientific disciplines, and along time. Results can inform policies aimed at effectively stimulating cross-sector collaborations, and also bear direct practical implications for research performance assessments. PubDate: 2022-05-21
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Abstract: Abstract The introduction of performance-based research funding systems (PBRFS) in many countries has generated new information on their impacts. Recent research has considered whether such systems generate convergence or divergence of research quality across universities and academic disciplines. However, little attention has been given to the processes determining research quality changes. This paper utilises anonymised longitudinal researcher data over 15 years of the New Zealand PBRFS to evaluate whether research quality changes are characterised by convergence or divergence, and the processes determining those dynamics. A unique feature is the use of longitudinal data to decompose changes in researcher quality into contributions arising from the entry, exit and quality transformations of retained researchers, and their impacts on convergence or divergence of research quality across universities and disciplines. The paper also identifies how researcher dynamics vary systematically between universities and disciplines, providing new insights into the effects of these systems. PubDate: 2022-05-16
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Abstract: Abstract Peer review is one of the important procedures to determine which research proposals are to be funded and to evaluate the quality of scientific research. How to find suitable reviewers for scientific research proposals is an important task for funding agencies. Traditional methods for reviewer recommendation focus on the relevance of the proposal and knowledge of candidate reviewers by mainly matching the keywords or disciplines. However, the sparsity of keyword space and the broadness of disciplines lead to inaccurate reviewer recommendations. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces a reviewer recommendation method (RRM) for scientific research proposals. This research applies word embedding to construct vector representation for terms, which provides a semantic and syntactic measurement. Further, we develop representation models for reviewers’ knowledge and proposals, and recommend reviewers by matching two representation models incorporating ranking fusions. The proposed method is implemented and tested by recommending reviewers for scientific research proposals of the National Natural Science Foundation of China. This research invites reviewers to provide feedback, which works as the benchmark for evaluation. We construct three evaluation metrics, Precision, Strict-precision, and Recall. The results show that the proposed reviewer recommendation method highly improves the accuracy. Research results can provide feasible options for the decision-making of the committee, and improve the efficiency of funding agencies. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract Bibliometric and scientometric analyses are widely in university headquarters, across multiple disciplines, in companies, and governments. Therefore, we need further research and expertise on how this analysis can be used in practice. In this study, we focus on the role of bibliometric analysis in evidence-based policymaking (EBPM). We divide the type of analysis into descriptive, predictive, and explorative analyses, and their different roles in EBPM processes. To discuss the role of scientometrics in EBPM, we illustrate a case of hydrogen energy technologies. We derive four propositions based on arguments on evidence and prerequisites for the analysis, that are necessary for: (1) strict distinction between policy evidence and policy reason, (2) application of relevant type of analysis to each unit process of policymaking, (3) multi-layered expertise including data and algorithms, domain knowledge, and understanding of policy context and social issues, and (4) a knowledge system to archive data, algorithms, and results. This paper contributes broadly to transdisciplinary bibliometric research, and specifically to scientometric research and science-based policymaking. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we demonstrate how the research performance of a university institute (department) over a long period of time can be presented and evaluated. Using the example of an information science institute at a German-speaking university, namely the (former) Institute of Information Science at the University of Graz in Austria, we present the research performance of this institute over the entire duration of its existence (33 years) in different ways. In order to be able to contextualize its performance, we compare it with that of some related institutions from all over the world. Due to the high effort involved in collecting data and the lack of data availability, the comparison must be limited to a period of a few years and—with regard to the institutions from non-German-speaking countries—to the Web of Science as data source. In this international comparison, the institute in the focus of the study shows relatively poor results. As can be seen, the choice of the data source has a major influence on the evaluation results. Especially for institutes from non-English-speaking countries with publications in their respective national languages, an exclusive use of international databases, such as Web of Science or Scopus, cannot fully consider the whole research performance. The use of personal publication lists or local research databases seems almost indispensable in these cases. A major novelty of this article is the handling of a very long evaluation period and the discussion of different ways of subdividing it. With regard to the presentation of the results, in the case of a long observation period, not only should annual and overall results be presented, but also multi-year comparisons be performed. In this way, year-by-year fluctuations can be smoothed out, and longer-term developments can be well represented. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract Qualitative methods have traditionally been underused in international business, and their research potential in this area has not been widely investigated. The main objective of the present study is to determine whether the use of qualitative methods by authors is a predictor of the impact their articles have in terms of the citations received. The analysis is based on empirically-based articles published in the Journal of International Business between 2000 and 2020. A total of 925 articles were examined. A quantitative regression technique was used to test the model. The results indicated that articles in the field of international business tended to be cited more if they employed qualitative methods. This suggests an avenue by which international business researchers can increase the impact of their work. This study also demonstrates the relevance of the qualitative approach in international business and reveals the close relationship between citation rates and research methods. Also, is important to use titles that draw people´s attention and, in some cases, reduce the number of pages of their publications. PubDate: 2022-05-14
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Abstract: Abstract In the field of bioinformatics, a large number of classical software becomes a necessary research tool. To measure the influence of scientific software as one kind of important intellectual products, a few strategies have been proposed to identify the software names from full texts of papers to collect the usage data of packages in bioinformatics research. However, the performance of these strategies is limited because of the highly imbalance of data in the full texts. This study proposes EnsembleSVMs-CRF, a two-step refinement strategy based on ensemble learning that gradually increases the sentences that contain software mentions to improve the performance of named entity recognition. The experiment on the bioinformatics corpus shows that the performance of EnsembleSVMs-CRF, in terms of the local F1 (78.81%) and the global F1-A (73.49%), is superior to the rule-based bootstrapping method and direct CRF. Application of this strategy to the articles published between 2013 and 2017 in 27 bioinformatics journals extracted 8,239 unique packages. The most popular 50 packages thus identified demonstrate that most of them are professional software which generally requires inter-discipline knowledge, rather than programming skill. Meanwhile, we found that researchers in bioinformatics tend to use free scientific software, and the application of general software is increasing compared with professional software. PubDate: 2022-05-03
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Abstract: Publications and citations are important for career advancement of researchers. Our main aim was to derive recommendations that might increase the citation frequency of authors’ work. We examined title and article characteristics of original research articles published in the major medical journals BMJ, JAMA, Lancet, NEJM and PLOS Med (PLOS) between 2011 and 2020, using PubMed and Web of Science. To analyze citation frequencies, we estimated quasi Poisson regression models. The NEJM had by far the shortest titles (9.7 ± 1.8 words). Titles in the other journals were at least 8 words longer on average. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were rarely identifiable by its title in the NEJM (5.3% by title, 63.3% by title plus abstract). BMJ, Lancet and PLOS articles had more frequently active verbs than JAMA and NEJM articles. The citation frequency was higher when articles were open access and when more authors and corporate authors were involved (all p < 0.001), and it was lower when a geography was mentioned (p < 0.001). Titles differed substantially in their characteristics between major medical journals. The NEJM often chose titles for RCTs not following the CONSORT 2010 statement. Several modifiable title and article characteristics were associated with the citation frequency of articles, such as open access of an article. We recommend authors to choose the title carefully to obtain the maximum range for their work. PubDate: 2022-05-03
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Abstract: Abstract The problem of gender disparities in various areas of society has long been well known and identified in most countries. Russian academia is no exception. This paper describes the representation of Russian men and women authors in terms of research production. The analysis is based on 121,953 papers with at least one Russian author, covered by Web of Science (WoS) and published between 2017 and 2019. The results demonstrate that there are still evident signs of gender disparities. Women remain underrepresented in their overall presence and performance almost in all disciplines and generally in academia. In all research fields, women’s mean number of publications is lower than analogous indicators for men. Although some areas have relative gender parity and even more women authors, the gap between both genders remains stable for most disciplines. As a result, despite some improvements in women’s research performance, Russian academia is the case, demonstrating that without a gender policy in both Russian political and science systems, it is complicated to eliminate gender inequality. PubDate: 2022-05-03
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Abstract: Abstract The article published on 16 May 2021 is interesting and impressive, particularly on the Figure displaying several acronyms in trend. Although the most popular eight acronyms in 2019 and 2020 are individually highlighted and labeled, how to determine the points in 2019 and 2020 is required for classifications. The analysis for the evolution of keywords is common and necessary in the bibliographic study. None of the studies addressed the determination of the bursting point for a given keyword over the years. We aim to illustrate the way to determine the inflection point on a given ogive curve and apply the temporal bar graph (TBG) to interpret the trend of a specific keyword (or acronym). The prediction model is based on item response theory, commonly used in educational and psychometric fields. The eight acronyms presented in the previous study were demonstrated using the TBG. We found that the TBG includes more valuable information than the traditional trend charts. The inflection point denoted the topic burst indicates the turning point suddenly from increasing to decreasing. The TBG combined with the inflection point to represent the trend of a given keyword can make the data in trend easier and clearer to understand than any graph used in ever before bibliometric analyses. PubDate: 2022-05-01
Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
[2469 journals]
