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International Journal of Economics and Accounting
Number of Followers: 3

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 2041-868X - ISSN (Online) 2041-8698
Published by Inderscience Publishers

[450 journals]

Public utilities
- Authors: A. Senthilselvi, R. Sukumar, S. Senthilpandi
  Pages: 89 - 99
  Abstract: How are the prices of utility charges for its services determined? Utility's rates are set on a cost-plus-profit basis. The profit is decided by using the regulated profit % to the amount that a firm invested in assets that produce the services; this investment is termed led the rate base. The regulated profit percentage is usually set at a level that will give the company at return on its investment that is termed the rate base. There are extensive differences between states in how each defines the rate base and in what constitute an allowable expense for rate setting purposes, although the general procedure described in the following as to how the rate-per-unit of service is arrived at in the majority of states.
  Keywords: public utilises; companies; economic theory; income; tax
  Citation: International Journal of Economics and Accounting, Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020) pp. 89 - 99
  PubDate: 2020-02-14T23:20:50-05:00
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEA.2020.105139
  Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020)
Luxembourg tax agreements: did the companies involved in tax agreements
with the Luxembourg government do any better than others?
- Authors: A. Senthilselvi, R. Sukumar, S. Senthilpandi
  Pages: 100 - 117
  Abstract: The Luxembourg tax agreements (LTA, agreements initiated by the Government of Luxembourg to boost investments) area financial scandal leaked for the first time to newspapers in November of 2014 by a group of journalists from the international consortium of investigative journalists. The EU authorities (state aid) have concerns that the companies involved in the LTA were able to reduce their taxes, and that these agreements were signed by multinationals only for tax avoidance purposes thereby avoiding the taxes to be paid in the EU. At the same time, multinationals claim that the LTA were used by them to pursue other management goals, such as expansion of their presence in the EU market and for investment decisions. This paper evaluates whether US multinational companies from the S&P 500, which had been involved in the LTA of 2005–2008, were able to reduce their worldwide tax obligations. By comparing results from various difference-in-difference regressions: traditional, quantile, and semiparametric, I have found that these companies may have saved more on taxes than other US multinationals on the S&P list, which in directly confirms the arguments of EU authorities about the tax aggressiveness of those companies involved in the LTA.
  Keywords: tax avoidance; transfer pricing; base erosion and profit shifting; tax haven
  Citation: International Journal of Economics and Accounting, Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020) pp. 100 - 117
  PubDate: 2020-02-14T23:20:50-05:00
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEA.2020.105184
  Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020)
Prehistorical attempts of accounting in the Magura Cave, present day
Bulgaria
- Authors: A. Senthilselvi, R. Sukumar, S. Senthilpandi
  Pages: 118 - 131
  Abstract: The history of accounting can be traced back to thousands of years B.C. In this paper we argue that recently found drawings in an ancient cave called Magura near the city of Vidin in Bulgaria, could also be included as part of the prehistorical uses of accounting. In the past, this cave has been subject to many explorations and some of the ancient drawings found there have been dated back to almost 40 thousand years B.C. Based on our analysis, we believe with a certain level of confidence that some of the drawings found in the cave Magura are depiction economic events and subsequently a stock owned by people at a certain time. As a result of these findings, we assert that prehistorical attempts of accounting existed at the time of the drawings were made and therefore these findings should have significant inclusion into the history of accounting.
  Keywords: Magura; history of accounting; sun calendar; hunting scene; Bulgaria
  Citation: International Journal of Economics and Accounting, Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020) pp. 118 - 131
  PubDate: 2020-02-14T23:20:50-05:00
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEA.2020.105186
  Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020)
How does minimum wage affect employment? Evidence from selected
African countries
- Authors: MawussÃ© Komlagan NÃ©zan Okey, Madeleine DopÃ© Adjor, Yawo Elinam Ketor
  Pages: 132 - 154
  Abstract: How minimum wage legislation affects employment dynamics in Africa? This article examines the relationship between the minimum wage and the employment in selected African countries over the period 1990–2015 using fixed effects estimation and dynamic panel data for selected African countries. Beside the analysis of the effect of minimum wage, the paper also evaluates the determinants of employment in Africa. The results show a negative relationship between minimum wage and employment confirming the neoclassic view that as the price of labour increases, employers will demand less labour. In addition, the previous employment rate has a positive effect on the current employment. Estimates also show that the level of income and education positively affect employment rates. Furthermore, the results show that low level of democracy negatively impacts the employment rates. The effect of minimum wage on employment will help policymakers to correct the labour market imperfections through the manipulation of minimum wages and provide a living wage for the poorest quintile of workers.
  Keywords: employment dynamics; minimum wage; minimum wage legislations; Africa
  Citation: International Journal of Economics and Accounting, Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020) pp. 132 - 154
  PubDate: 2020-02-14T23:20:50-05:00
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEA.2020.105192
  Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020)
Drivers of performance of the microfinance institutions in selected South
Asian countries
- Authors: Chandralekha Ghosh, Ankana Das
  Pages: 155 - 179
  Abstract: Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have been successfully operating for poverty alleviation and have played significant role in providing financial inclusion. This paper mainly tries to find out the performance drivers of the MFIs by using the data on 91 MFIs in seven selected Asian countries (Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia) over the period 2004–2013 which have different backgrounds of evolution of MFIs. After panel data analysis it is found that MFI specific variables like real yield on gross loan portfolio is positively influencing return on assets (ROA), operational self-sufficiency (OSS) and percent of female borrower but cost per borrower is negatively influencing all the dependent variables. Regulatory quality of the country has positive influence on ROA and profit at margin of the MFIs. Domestic credit and growth of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita have positive impact on percent of women borrower, the representative of the social variable. This paper is important to the investors of MFI institutions, policy makers and regulators. This paper will help them to find out the factors which are influencing the social as well as financial performance of the MFIs.
  Keywords: microfinance; panel data; operational self-sufficiency; performance of Asian countries
  Citation: International Journal of Economics and Accounting, Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020) pp. 155 - 179
  PubDate: 2020-02-14T23:20:50-05:00
  DOI: 10.1504/IJEA.2020.105207
  Issue No: Vol. 9, No. 2 (2020)

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