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Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
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This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2168-457X - ISSN (Online) 2168-4588
Published by SAP

[105 journals]

Influence of Strategic Leadership Style on Partnerships Implementation in
a Medical Research Organization in Kenya: A Case Study
- Abstract: Publication year: 2020Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 8, Number 1George KirigiPartnership in leadership is a phenomenon with little research attention, until now. Partnerships are high on the international development agenda typically as goal 17 of global sustainable goal development agenda. The regional and intergovernmental research collaborators and NGOs are also represented. But public–private partnerships implementation lacks balanced collaborative leadership as the best pathway to improve in particular health outcomes. It is not clear in the medical research corporations on whether empirical data on partnerships reach organizational employees to utilize in building their case for sustainable futures. To gain more knowledge, this study used case study approach to obtain primary data and analyzed key informants’ feedbacks on partnerships processes on the basis of their positions and relation to partnerships within their own organization. Responsive approaches of measurements prioritize multiple partnerships strategy into two types: performance of partnership itself and outcome performance. The ideal leaders of this strategic direction in organizational change in respect to medical research institutes ought to be a collaboration of a symphony of specialized experts playing in harmony, the so-called the symphonic C-suite instead of a cacophony of experts who sound great alone, but not together. An organization need consideration of partner selection, portfolio management of partners, negotiation skills, execution of diversity and exit arrangements are important considerations. The success or failure of partnerships will depend on how the managers understand partnership as the new leadership for implementation of strategy in organizations. Findings have practical implications for managers and researchers.
Influence of Religion on Leadership Styles and Leadership Roles: A
Critical Literature Review
- Abstract: Publication year: 2019Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 7, Number 1Peter Rigii GaithoThis paper is a critical review of literature on the influence of religion on leadership styles and leadership roles. The paper was motivated by existing lack of interest to pursue the link between religion and leadership despite the pervasive nature of religion in the world among individuals and organizations. The paper used the Kenyan political to demonstrate religious influence which manifests through leadership styles and the leadership roles. The paper found that religion influence manifests in leadership styles and the leadership roles in organizations. The paper concluded that the visionary aspect of leadership is intertwined with the visionary aspects of religions. The paper held that there is need for more religious knowledge among leaders and their followers to moderate on the negative influences of religion such as autocratic tendencies and scapegoating.
Explaining online Purchase Intention: Validating Technology Acceptance
Model via Structural Equation Model
- Abstract: Publication year: 2019Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 7, Number 1Arzi Fethi, Benachenhou Sidi MohammedThis study was conducted to explore the determinants affecting the intention to accept the use of technology in the online services sector by customers. Based on the theoretical model that includes the theory of technology accepting model (TAM) in this study, a revised model was proposed for a better explanation of the online service. Furthermore, the purpose of the research was to determine the impact of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and customer attitudes on online purchase intention. The proposed model was tested using survey data of 220 respondents. SPSS 22.0 and Statistica 8.0 were used for the data analysis. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results of the analysis showed that the TAM model is appropriate in the context of adopting online sales services by the customer. In addition, attitudes and perceived ease of use technology for online reservation users have been identified as the most important factor driving customers to adopt online booking.com services. Our findings through the study can allow service providers (travel agents, hostels, transportation, etc.) to develop strategies and improve their services in order to increase the adoption of technology over the Internet and accepting its use by customers.
Monetary Policy Transmission in Nigeria: How Important is Asset Prices
Channel'1
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 3Adekunle P. A., Baba N. Yaaba, Stephen S. A., Ogbuehi F., Idris A., Zivoshiya P. B.Using a multi-model approach including Johansen and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) techniques, the study assesses the prevalence of the channels of monetary policy transmission mechanism in Nigeria to determine the position of asset prices channel with emphasis on equity channel of Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism (MPTM). The study covers all the four prominent channels of MPTM in Nigeria – Interest rate, exchange rate, credit and equity channels – over the period 1985Q1 to 2017Q4. The data was used from two perspectives: raw and normalized data such that four set of regressions were carried out and the best model determined based on the one that yield the lowest information criteria. Overall, the results return exchange rate channel as the most prevalent, while equity channel occupies third position. Consequently, the study suggests close monitoring of the market by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) so as to be able to take proactive policy decisions since disruption in the market is likely to affect the general price level which is the primary mandate of the CBN.
Network Externalities and Cross Ownership
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 2Qing HuPartial cross ownership is a widely observed activity in many industries. The conventional wisdom shows that partial cross ownership weakens the competition in Cournot competition, thus it increases the firms’ total profits. We investigate whether this conventional wisdom still holds in network industries. We find that this conventional wisdom reverses when the network effect is relatively intense. This finding is very meaningful for the firms in network industries to reconsider the problem of partial cross ownership. We also examine the partial cross ownership problems in a mixed duopoly market.
Accountability in Kenya’s County Governments: Role of Vote and Voice in
Improving Service Delivery
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 2Peter Gaitho RigiiThis paper reviews the use of voice and vote in the County Governments of Kenya. The paper reviewed online sources using key word searches. The study finds that the use of vote as a blunt tool has been applied in the counties as 46% of the incumbent governors lost at the party primaries and the 2017 General Elections. The study also found that voice is exercised through several mechanisms including posting of Facebook and Twitter. The study further found that work boycott were a key feature of voice mechanism as used by county workers. The study found that vote and voice mechanisms as practiced in the Kenyan County Governments tended to disrupt service delivery. The study recommends that the county leadership find better ways of responding to the vote and voice mechanisms to ensure there is little disruption of services but rather harness these mechanisms for improved services.
Effect of Morocco's Basic Medical Coverage on Individual's Healthcare
Expenditures: A Censored Tobit Model
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 2Jouilil Youness, Lechheb HoudaThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of Basic Medical Coverage (BMC) on the expenditures of Healthcare in Morocco based upon data from the Moroccan Household Panel Survey Data. The Censored Tobit Model (CTM) has been used to estimate the BMC effect on the expenditures of healthcare. For this purpose, we have used a cross-sectional data which came from the Moroccan Household Survey Panel Data (HSPD) particularly from the 3rd wave (2015). Our research revealed that the access to healthcare expenses remain correlated upon the individual’s demographic, social and economic conditions. In fact, our statistical modelling revealed that BMC is significantly correlated with increased of use of healthcare services when they are needed. Indeed, a person in households that had Compulsory Health Insurance (AMO) coverage used health services exactly like those in households that had no insurance coverage. Generally, the findings of the adopted model suggested that RAMed health plan could significantly increase the individual expenditures of healthcare.
Macroeconomic Determinants of Electricity Access in Rwanda, an Empirical
Analysis
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 1Didier Mwizerwa, Gerard BikorimanaAccess to electricity by all categories of Rwandan population is a heavy problem which worries fiscal authorities in Rwandan economy. Households; factories in agriculture, manufacturing and mining; enterprises in hospitality and other services sector’ components all of them creates a growing demand for electricity. This paper highlights macroeconomic variables which determine the access to electricity in Rwanda and gives out the policy recommendations to improve generation and distribution of the electricity economically. Using the times series data spanning the period from 1997 to 2012 year, OLS method was used to estimate the zero intercept model, to test the significance of estimate and to confirm short and long-run relationship between variables. The simulations incorporated variables from capital investments and purchasing power of population dimensions. Two dimensions that describe the electricity supply and demand, and the third dimension of opportunity costs that describes where else resources that could be used to finance electricity generation, distribution and uptake are used in. The findings have shown that variables within these dimensions - gross capital formation, average interest rate on new external debt and agriculture - positively increase the access to electricity rate. Whereas, Adjusted Savings, Agriculture value Added, Claims on Central Government and Multilateral debt variables reduce the access to electricity rate. Their short, long-run impacts and priori expectations on access to electricity rate were statistically significant. Policy recommendations to policy makers are to efficiently negotiate - in favor of electricity generation and distribution – with Bretton-Woods institutions on multilateral debt and to increase the sensitization and empowerment of youth-women category to allow them participate in the agriculture value-added chain.
Effect of Gender Empowerment Programmes on Improving Quality of Life in
Kenya: Evidence from Machakos County
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 1Joshua M. Ngelu, Jane Omwenga, Joseph Mungatu, Mike IravoThis study investigates the effect of gender empowerment programmes on improving quality of life in Kenya: evidence from Machakos County. Probit model is used to model the empirical analysis. The findings are that generally all the households sampled recorded higher completion rates for girls than boys in primary school while in secondary school the completion rate was higher for boys than that of girls. Regression results indicate that primary and secondary school enrolment of the girl child is more likely to improve the quality of the household’s life by 0.7292 and 0.4584 respectively chances as compared to not enrolling. The results posit that a household with a girl child who successfully completes primary and secondary school education is more likely to have an improved quality life by 0.6890 and 0.2466 chances respectively as compared to a household with girl child who fails to successfully complete her primary school education. However it is noted that girl child enrolment in primary school has the highest impact.
Household Catastrophic Health Expenditure: Evidence from Nigeria
- Abstract: Publication year: 2018Source: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, Volume 6, Number 1Ibukun Cleopatra, Komolafe EuniceThis study examined the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditure; and, its determinants among Nigerian households. Secondary data was drawn from the Nigeria - General Household Survey conducted between 2015 and 2016. The detailed information provided in the survey was used to classify households as not having or having catastrophic health expenditure using the methodology proposed by the World Health Organization in 2005. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression was applied across various thresholds. The results showed that the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditure is high especially among households in the poorest quantile, households located in rural areas, female headed households, households with uneducated household heads, households with unemployed heads, and those without health insurance; but, it is lowest among households located in South West Nigeria. In addition, the risk of incurring catastrophic health expenditure reduced among households in the richest quantile, households headed by an employed person, households located in urban areas, households with no hospitalized member and households who utilized private hospitals. It is therefore important to establish financial and social intervention mechanisms that can protect households from incurring catastrophic health expenditure.