JournalTOCs

Journal of International Entrepreneurship
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.57

Citation Impact (citeScore): 2
Number of Followers: 10

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 1573-7349 - ISSN (Online) 1570-7385
Published by Springer-Verlag

[2469 journals]

Entrepreneurial choices depend on trust: Some global evidence
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  Abstract: Abstract Interpersonal trust and people’s trust in institutions are important components of social capital, which has been shown to have not only innate social value but also diverse direct and indirect positive social and economic impacts. Using data for an economically and globally diverse group of countries, we examine empirically how changes in interpersonal trust and trust in institutions affect entrepreneurship over time. Our findings suggest that (1) enhancing either type of trust leads to more entrepreneurial activity and (2) an increase in interpersonal trust causes a structural change in the composition of the TEA-type entrepreneurship. Increased trust reduces the share of relatively lower value-added necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity and increases the share of higher value-added improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity (Schumpeterian entrepreneurship).
  PubDate: 2022-04-12
Innovation as an internationalisation determinant of Brazilian
technology-based SMEs
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  Abstract: Abstract The general objective of this article is to analyse innovation as a determinant of the internationalisation patterns of Brazilian technology-based SMEs (small and medium enterprises) in different sectors and with different technological features. The theoretical background of this article centres on the typologies of innovation, SMEs’ internationalisation patterns, and innovation as an internationalisation determinant. The main theoretical contributions of this qualitative study are its analysis of innovation of the firm, focusing on the type of innovation, the degree of novelty, and the degree of control over the innovation process as determinants of their internationalisation patterns, and the influence of the external organisational environment on innovation and internationalisation. In terms of managerial implications, we highlight the effect of these factors on the competitiveness of case firms in international markets. Finally, our suggestions for future studies include the need for research replication in other emerging markets, the inclusion of both mature and young technology-based SMEs in the sample, the use of longitudinal data for case studies, and the validation of this qualitative study through a quantitative study that includes a larger sample of technology-based SMEs.
  PubDate: 2022-04-11
Design-oriented policy interventions: The case of technology-based
international entrepreneurship in emerging context
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  Abstract: Abstract Research outcomes can contribute to achieving more accuracy, efficiency, and dynamism in policy interventions. In addition, the application of design models can help gain a better trade-off between precision and inclusiveness in policy practice. As a particular case, technology-based (TB) international entrepreneurship (IE) in developing contexts is a complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic phenomenon that poses considerable challenges to policy formulation. In this paper, we argue that using a contextualized design-based model of TB IE as the causation model results in higher integration and consistency between policy development and early internationalization dynamics and processes. In addition, we show that the design science approach provides a suitable framework for applying such a model in a recursive generative policy cycle. The proposed method has considerable theoretical and empirical implications in international entrepreneurship policy. The proposed scheme is evaluated in practice to verify and demonstrate its outcomes and impact.
  PubDate: 2022-04-05
The emergence of international small digital ventures (ISDVs): Reaching
beyond Born Globals and INVs
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  PubDate: 2022-04-01
Correction to: International entrepreneurial opportunity: A systematic
review, meta‑synthesis, and future research agenda
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  PubDate: 2022-03-31
Institutional change and entrepreneurship as occupational choice—The
case of South Korea
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  Abstract: Abstract Even though research on the influence of institutions on entrepreneurial activities has recently gained scholarly attention, most studies are quantitative cross-country analyses that assume response homogeneity. Qualitative single-country studies that provide deeper insights into institutional peculiarities are still rare, especially in the East Asian context. Based on qualitative data generated from semi-structured interviews, this study examines the institutional environment for entrepreneurship in South Korea and its latest changes to explain the recent wave of newly established corporations. Building on Scott’s distinction of institutional dimensions, this article demonstrates how significant changes in regulative institutions pushed forward by the Korean central government have decreased individual financial risks and have created a surge in business foundations. At the same time, normative institutions have remained almost unchanged, while changes of the cognitive institutional dimension in the form of entrepreneurship education are underway. The findings suggest that regulative institutions play a bigger role for entrepreneurial activities than cognitive or normative institutions, as people start a business despite unfavorable informal institutions. Theory should therefore reevaluate the importance and effective power of each institutional dimension on entrepreneurial activities. Policymakers who put high emphasis on regulative institutions should pay attention to potential moral hazards arising from generous support programs.
  PubDate: 2022-03-17
Government support, strategic alliance and internationalization: Evidence
from indigenous Ghanaian exporters
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  Abstract: Abstract The degree of internationalization requires a symbiotic relationship between, the state, competitor (as a domestic interfirm alliance) and international/foreign partner or agent to develop efficiency, competency, competitiveness and increase in international operations. This present study therefore assessed the mediating role of strategic alliance in the relationship between government support (financial and non-financial) and the degree of internationalization of indigenous firms. The study was a survey, with data gathered from 301 indigenous exporters, identified from the Ghana Export and Promotion Authority database. The reliability and validity of the data were tested using confirmatory factor analysis, with structural equation modelling as the main means of analysis, run using Amos v.23. The study concluded that both financial and non-financial government support had a significant positive effect on the degree of internationalization. These relationships were, however, partially mediated by the strategic alliance. Future studies could explore the same relationships, but looking beyond the government support, indigenous firms and the study of internationalization to include other external institutional elements such as socio-cultural factors.
  PubDate: 2022-03-14
The upcoming rise of SMEs in cross-border public procurement: is it a
matter of networking capabilities'
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  Abstract: Abstract The participation of SMEs in public procurement is a recurring theme in recent academic literature. However, little attention has been paid to its influence in cross-border procurement. To participate in this market, SMEs must overcome barriers that make the task difficult and minimise their chances of winning contracts. Within this context, dynamic capabilities in general, and networking ones in particular, are crucial to overcome barriers and boost performance. This article presents an abductive qualitative research study of multiple cases using CAQDAS to analyse which networking capabilities prepare SMEs for cross-border public procurement processes. The results show not only how these capabilities have enabled SMEs to perform well in this environment but also which barriers have helped them to overcome each phase of the procurement process. The article also provides recommendations for both SMEs that decide to enter this market and the administrations that wish to support them.
  PubDate: 2022-03-07
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-022-00310-5
International entrepreneurship research agendas evolving: A longitudinal
study using the Delphi method
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  Abstract: Abstract The heterogeneity of research topics in international entrepreneurship (IE) makes the identification of a convergent research agenda difficult. Addressing this, we replicate a 2008 Delphi study, analyzing research directions considered relevant by recognized experts of IE, and also comparing the two sets of data, in an attempt to map the evolution of IE research. This is a first attempt to collect and analyze IE longitudinal data using the Delphi method. Findings provide a basis for developing a future research agenda, facilitating collaboration among researchers. This study can facilitate the understanding and enacting of IE activities for academics, entrepreneurs, and policy-makers.
  PubDate: 2022-03-01
Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: a review of literature on
factors with influence on entrepreneurial intentions
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  Abstract: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to review existing literature and show the state of the art regarding the factors that influence the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of individuals. It provides a synthesis/integration of previous research on the topic as a framework to identify shortcomings, new lines of research, and practical insights. The analysis conducts a systematic review of 177 papers in the SCOPUS database from 1994 to 2017. The findings highlight three themes regarding the factors that influence EI: personal-level variables, entrepreneurship education (EE), and contextual factors and institutional variables. Within each of these themes, cognitive factors such as self-efficacy; personality and psychological variables such as propensity/adversity to risk; and socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, and human capital seem to exert an influence, in addition to personal motivations and/or deterrents. EE appears to have the greatest influence in most cases; at least it helps to develop greater self-efficacy or a more favorable attitude toward entrepreneurship, among others. Finally, with regard to contextual and institutional variables, cultural and social contexts seem to have a clear influence on EI, along with informal institutions through the normative dimension. Although there are many studies on the “factors that influence EI,” this study is the first attempt to make a qualitative presentation on the state of the art. It makes practical suggestions to encourage entrepreneurship in universities and in retired individuals. It also makes recommendations for improvement and suggests new lines of research such as the importance of linking these three categories of factors that influence EI, with the evaluation of an international entrepreneurship.
  PubDate: 2022-03-01
Do economic freedom, business experience, and firm size affect
internationalization speed' Evidence from small firms in Chile,
Colombia, and Peru
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  Abstract: Abstract This paper focuses on SMEs from the Latin American region and aims to build on existing literature on the emergence of the institution-based view in combination with the resource-based view. We contribute to existing literature by extending the application of the aforementioned theories to firms in three under-researched countries in this region. Specifically, we contribute to the extant literature by providing empirical insights on how home country–specific resources and firm-specific resources can affect the internationalization speed of SMEs in Latin American region. In order to achieve our objectives, we empirically examine the role of economic freedom (EF), prior business/international experience, and firm size on speed of internationalization. We use a dataset of Latin American SMEs, employing Poisson and negative binomial (NB) regression techniques. Our data cover three main Latin American Pacific Rim economies—Chile, Colombia, and Peru—with similar economic specializations, geographical borders, and economic growth dynamics. We find that (1) some parts of Economic Freedom Index (EFI) accelerate the speed of internationalization, whereas other areas slow it down or have no effect. Specifically, the closer to full EF the home country is in terms of regulations and government, the shorter the time to internationalize. (2) More experienced management teams are more likely to translate their knowledge into faster international market entry, but this pays off only for larger sized SMEs in contrast to smaller ones due to complementarities between managerial resources and physical, financial, and organizational resources. (3) Finally, industry, firm location, and country destination can only weakly explain the speed of internationalization. The findings add to the literature on SME internationalization in emerging markets and point towards potential policies to stimulate growth by SMEs in these markets.
  PubDate: 2022-03-01
The impact of human, social, and psychological capital on academic
spin-off internationalization
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  Abstract: Abstract Academic spin-offs (ASOs) are companies with a strong international vocation for two main reasons: first, they market their products and services in global market niches to profit from their high investment in R&D, characteristic of the sectors in which ASOs operate; and second, as a consequence of the international training and experience and of the international networks that the founding academic entrepreneurs of these companies tend to enjoy, derived from their scientific activity. Despite this natural tendency to internationalize, ASOs and specifically the founding academic entrepreneurs of these companies present certain difficulties in accessing resources for internationalization and in achieving credibility in foreign markets due to their university origins. Based on the resource-based view (RBV), and network theory (NT), this work proposes that the human capital, the social capital, and the psychological capital of the academic entrepreneur could compensate for these obstacles, providing key resources for the internationalization of their companies. The results contribute to the RBV, NT, and academic entrepreneurship and internationalization literature since they show that human capital, in terms of the international experience and training of the academic entrepreneur, their networks of relationships with international academic agents, and their psychological capital, are all antecedents of the internationalization of ASOs. However, the networks of academic entrepreneur relationships with international market agents appear to be irrelevant in the process of international expansion of ASOs.
  PubDate: 2022-03-01
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-022-00311-4
Do CEO’s traits matter in innovation outcomes'
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  Abstract: Abstract The study investigates the influence of CEO attributes on innovation outcomes on all firms listed on the SBF120 index between 2001 and 2013. We provide the following results. First, CEOs who graduate in business are less prone to introduce new products, while science-educated CEOs are more likely to increase the number of patents in high-technology firms. Second, the longer is the CEO tenure, the lower are the innovation outcomes, specifically in high-tech industry. Third, CEO owners are likely to invest in long-term profitable activities such as innovative projects. This drives more innovation outcomes. CEO founders, however, are more concerned about the implementation of new processes. Finally, robustness tests show that the number of patents decreases, on the long term, in the presence of female CEOs.
  PubDate: 2022-02-24
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-022-00309-y
Navigating the internationalization process: Strategic resources for early
internationalizing firms
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  Abstract: Abstract Despite an increasing number of studies identifying factors that influence the internationalization process for early internationalizing firms (EIFs), it remains unclear which of these numerous factors could play a strategic role and, more specifically, when. This paper develops a new conceptual framework anchored in the resource-based view to identify strategic resources that can explain EIFs’ internationalization process accurately over time. Building on a systematic literature review based on 102 papers covering a period of 29 years, we methodically present a phase-by-phase observation of EIFs’ internationalization process to identify the strategic relevance of different influential resources. The results highlight the importance of the shift from individual to organizational resources, which occurs at a critical phase of transition from the entry to the post-entry phase. Studying the evolution of strategic resources along four phases allows us to determine that the progress of EIFs through the phases of their internationalization process is closely linked to their resources’ development process. This study suggests some promising research avenues, at theoretical and methodological levels, and results in a series of concrete recommendations intended for entrepreneurs and/or managers of EIFs.
  PubDate: 2022-02-09
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-022-00308-z
International entrepreneurial opportunity: A systematic review,
meta-synthesis, and future research agenda
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  Abstract: Abstract In recent decades, the concepts of international entrepreneurial opportunity (IEO) have attracted the consideration of many scholars and have proliferated in the international entrepreneurship (IE) literature. Since 2005, the concepts of IEO have become an emerging and evolving stream of research in international entrepreneurship studies, so this article examines the gaps, themes, and trends in IEO research from 2005 to early 2019. The primary purpose of this article is to understand the current state of the art in the field of IEO by examining the boundaries of its knowledge and eventually proposing future research agenda for scholars. To achieve this goal, we utilize a systematic literature review process and meta-synthesis methodology. We select studies and synthesize them based on defined elements and represent summary tables and figures according to these processes. First, we extract quantitative information from articles to gain a perception of the trends in prior studies. Second, we consider the purpose and focus of the IEO research to find out the critical concepts. Finally, we conclude by presenting several directions for future studies based on the knowledge gaps in prior IEO research.
  PubDate: 2022-01-29
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-021-00306-7
Are born global firms really a “new breed” of exporters' Empirical
evidence from an emerging market
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  Abstract: Abstract This study investigates and compares born global (BG) firms and non-BG firms in Malaysia. We employed the multigroup analysis technique with structural equation models to test six hypotheses to determine the differences and similarities between two proposed models of BG and non-BG firms across a wide range of industries. The study reveals differences between the antecedents of marketing capabilities for BGs versus non-BGs, indicating that the performance enabling mechanisms differ between the groups. More precisely, the ability of BG firms to convert digital and entrepreneurial orientations into marketing capabilities is found to be a distinguishing characteristic of these firms. Moreover, non-BGs utilize government support to build marketing capabilities and obtain superior performance in the international market. This result suggests that governmental export promotion initiatives in Malaysia should be adjusted to increase relevance for BGs. The findings indicate that marketing capabilities play an essential role in the international market performance of both BGs and non-BGs. An important implication is that managerial focus and actions need to be adjusted depending on the type of firm. The two types of firms are not equal; if they are managed similarly, misjudgment will arise.
  PubDate: 2022-01-13
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-022-00307-0
Does international patent collaboration have an effect on
entrepreneurship'
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  Abstract: Abstract Entrepreneurship is one of the main pillars of growth in any economy. Achieving a high rate of entrepreneurship in a region has become the priority objective of governments and firms. However, in many cases, new firm creation is conditioned by relations or collaboration in innovation with agents from other countries. Previous literature has analyzed the mechanisms that foster entrepreneurship. This paper attempts to shed light on the influence of international patent collaboration (IPC) on entrepreneurial activity at country level taking into account the timing of this relationship. An empirical study is proposed to verify whether IPC leads to greater entrepreneurship and to analyze the gestation period between international patenting actions and firm creation. Using the Generalized Method of Moments, the two hypotheses proposed were tested in a data panel of 30 countries for the period 2005–2017. Results show the influence of IPC in promoting entrepreneurship in the same year, but especially in the following year. The study offers implications for entrepreneurs and public agents. IPC affects the integration and interaction of international agents in a country, favors the production of new knowledge, and increases positive externalities in a territory. All this facilitates the creation of new companies with a high innovative component.
  PubDate: 2021-08-17
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-021-00302-x
Correction to: Family involvement as influencer on family firm’s
growth
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  Abstract: A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-021-00298-4
  PubDate: 2021-05-19
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-021-00298-4
Small firm entry to e-marketplace for market expansion and
internationalization: A theoretical perspective
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  Abstract: Abstract Over the past decades, e-marketplaces have been playing significant roles in the global economic development. The mounting trend of the world’s Internet population offers incredible opportunities for the firms, both large and small, to use the Internet-based e-marketplace applications in view of managing the firm-consumer interactions effectively. Firms’ entry to e-marketplace is resulted in market expansion, internationalization, and resource maximization. This study attempts to construct a theoretical framework to look at the factors affecting small firms’ entry to e-marketplace. Following an interpretive research paradigm, this study first explores various barriers and benefits that small firms face while participating in e-marketplace and validate those factors by analyzing 23 interviews conducted through a semi-structured interview guide. By applying both, inductive and deductive methods, the interpretive analyses build a theoretical framework comprising a range of variables classified as technological, organizational, and environmental factors. The theoretical framework is the guideline and also provides grounding for a quantitative research to the study of small firms’ e-marketplace entry behavior in a wider population. The study concludes with the implications for small firms’ market expansion and internationalization through e-marketplace participation.
  PubDate: 2021-05-06
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-021-00297-5
Family involvement as influencer on family firm’s growth
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  Abstract: Abstract This paper analyzes the relationship between family involvement and a firm’s growth. Family businesses present unique features, which make them different from other companies. Therefore, their desire to achieve long-term growth and/or survival could be motivated by different reasons from those of non-family firms. One of the possible strategic alternatives to guarantee these long-term objectives is the internationalization strategy. The empirical study carried out is quantitative research based on the partial least squares (PLS) methodology. The study population comprises Spanish wine and olive oil production companies. Our results show how economic reasons account for the relationship between family involvement in the business and achievement of their growth. Likewise, we find that, depending on their international propensity as moderating variable, the mediation effect of the underlying business economic motivations is total for non-international firms, whereas that effect is a partial one if the firms have become international.
  PubDate: 2021-03-30
  DOI: 10.1007/s10843-021-00290-y