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Humanity : An International Journal of Human Rights, Humanitarianism, and Development
Number of Followers: 20

Full-text available via subscription

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ISSN (Print) 2151-4364 - ISSN (Online) 2151-4372
Published by Project MUSE

[305 journals]

From Human Rights to a Politics of Care
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  Abstract: For some time now human rights have served as the global moral yardstick used to evaluate governmental and corporate policies and practices.1 The widespread acceptance of human rights as the dominant moral framework in the national and international arena has, without doubt, propelled a range of discursive and institutional changes.2 This acceptance is reflected in the way that liberal and conservative governments as well as many corporations have integrated the language of human rights into their policies. Simultaneously, human rights have become part of mainstream culture through their incorporation into the popular imagination: from film festivals and children's literature to celebrity branding and sports ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
"Blood is Stronger than Class": Daniel Patrick Moynihan's Global Culture
of Poverty
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  Abstract: Radical political demands, Daniel Patrick Moynihan lamented in 1975, "bring about an exceptional deprecation of the achievements of liberal processes … American Liberalism experienced this deprecation in the 1960s, international liberalism is undergoing it in the 1970s."1 Across these two decades, from the desk of the Office of Urban Affairs to the forums of the United Nations, Moynihan was pioneering a particular defense against what he saw as a growing and dangerous tide of egalitarian sentiment. He first formed this critique in response to the Great Society and radical attempts to reform the welfare state within the United States. But similar ideas informed his resistance to the New International Economic Order ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Governing Hegemonic Spaces in Carl Schmitt: Colonialism, Anti-Imperialism
and the Großraum Theory
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  Abstract: With both China and Russia currently claiming a hegemonic position within a regionally defined and arguably state-border-transcending space, Carl Schmitt's theory of international law has gained new prominence in feuilletons and academic writings. Observers have diagnosed a "Schmitt fever" in Chinese literature on international relations and international law, and Russian intellectuals close to the Kremlin have made use of Schmittian concepts.1 Schmitt's attitude toward regional spaces dominated by hegemonic powers as well as toward colonialism, however, is highly ambivalent and requires a differentiated assessment; if only for the fact that the author of the Großraum theory also was an early critic of imperial ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Introduction: History Writing and Attacks on Healthcare
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  Abstract: Since Médecins sans Frontières' (MSF) denunciations of the 2015 bombings of hospitals by the United States and Russia in Afghanistan and Syria, respectively, polemics have taken scholarly and policy debates about attacks on healthcare (AoH) in new directions and called on history to better understand their origins and wider long-term impacts.2 Despite increased calls for more rigorous data collection and research on the social, behavioral, psychological, and economic impacts of AoH, recent international meetings organized in the wake of the fifth anniversary of the UN Security Council Resolution 2286 revealed that little has changed for those who continue to be targeted or collateral victims in conflict.3 ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Neutrality as a Contested Concept in International Humanitarian Law: Red
Cross Men in the South African War, 1899–1902
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  Abstract: In 1965 the twentieth International Conference of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) proclaimed its fundamental principles: humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, unselfishness, voluntary action, unity, and universality. When ICRC president Jean Pictet elaborated on these principles a decade later, he placed "neutrality" below the "founding principles" of humanity and impartiality,1 which referred to the quantification of need and direction of aid itself. Neutrality, on the other hand, differed between the various layers of the Red Cross organization. The first of these layers was the neutrality of the ICRC itself—as a nonparticipant in conflict. This neutrality had been assured since ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Under the "Best Possible Protection"' Violence and Medical Care in British
Warships and Hospital Ships During the Second World War
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  Abstract: On July 12, 1940, the British government issued a formal diplomatic protest to the German government in condemnation of its repeated violations of hospital ship neutrality between April and June of that year. Citing thirty-one attacks against British hospital ships, the British government's tone was militant, censuring Germany's "flagrant breaches of the laws of war."1 Nevertheless, by late 1942, Britain's self-proclaimed occupation of a moral high ground as staunch upholder of international protections of maritime medical care was becoming progressively more untenable. During 1941 and 1942, Britain itself repeatedly breached the Hague and Geneva Conventions by conducting attacks against Axis hospital ships ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Attacks Against Military Doctors in the French Overseas Cooperation: A
Predicament of State Humanitarianism in the 1970s
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  Abstract: "Mari transve mare, pro patria et humanitate, hominibus semper prodesse"1This study of French military medical cooperation missions argues that the violence often experienced by French doctors in conflict zones in the 1970s was mainly the result of their vulnerable position as both military personnel and "humanitarian" provider. The inability of the French state to protect them illustrates some of the difficulties around the duty to protect health workers implied by the principle of medical neutrality. The military status of these doctors meant they were unable to extricate themselves from a system of dual loyalty (to the French Army and to the needs of their patients), to which they remained tied without being ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
"Like a Yam Between Two Stones": Remembering Healthcare at War in Nepal
(1996–2006)
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  Abstract: Maybe what I am about to say should not be said, but the public was under threat from both sides. The public was pressurized by insurgents and the government side as well. The public was sandwiched between two fires (like a yam between two stones). Whenever the army and police used to set up health camps, insurgents used to threaten the public, saying that they could attack at any time. In that case, they should not be held accountable as they (the public) were pre-informed about the attack. Because of threats like this, the public was scared and did not attend any health camps. The insurgent side also used to set up health camps at different places. They organize such campaigns in seclusion by hiding from the ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Ebola's Inferno: The Limits of Community Engagement and Neutrality During
Politicized Health Emergencies
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  Abstract: Commingled are they with that caitiff choir Of Angels, who have not rebellious been, Nor faithful were to God, but were for self. The heavens expelled them, not to be less fair; Nor them the nethermore abyss receives, For glory none the damned would have from them.On February 11, 2019, eight months into the tenth Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), youths burned down a health center in Katwa town. A local community chief testified:When I was approaching the health centre I saw a crowd of young boys and girls aged about 12 to 16 years coming to attack the centre. I quickly rushed to alert those who were inside and went out again. Then they started beating me, but thank God I was able to escape. ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00
Postscript: Researching the Impact of Attacks on Healthcare Today
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  Abstract: The violence and atrocities of war are well documented by a range of scholars and practitioners. Likewise, counting, cataloging, and narrating the human costs of such violence has preoccupied academics from various disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives.1 The essays in this special issue are no exception. They adopt a historiographical frame to analyse the particularities of violence against a specific set of civilians: those providing health and medical care in war. Together, they offer an insightful examination of the codification, interpretation, and origins of the legal frameworks governing attacks against medical staff and health care (AoH, Attacks on Healthcare, as used in the introduction) in armed ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-04-22T00:00:00-05:00

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