JournalTOCs

History of Geo- and Space Sciences
Number of Followers: 2

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2190-5010 - ISSN (Online) 2190-5029
Published by Copernicus Publications

[54 journals]

Conjugate aurora observations by the Gjøa and Discovery expeditions
- Abstract: Conjugate aurora observations by the Gjøa and Discovery expeditions
  Alv Egeland
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 15, 27–39, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-15-27-2024, 2024
  During the Gjøa and Discovery expeditions (1901–1906), weak geomagnetic signatures were observed simultaneously with visual polar cap auroras. Main types are transpolar arcs, poleward-moving substorm arcs, and Sun-aligned arcs. The first two are infrequent, while the last one occurs often. They appear like the regular magnetic solar Sq variation. It is suggested that they are embedded in polar rain and dependent on the density and energy of photoelectrons.
  PubDate: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 10:43:57 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-15-27-2024 2024
Historical Background of Paleo Mega Lake of Rey
- Abstract: Historical Background of Paleo Mega Lake of Rey
  Hadi Jarahi
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-3,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  Over the past decade, a vast ancient Lake has been discovered in the central region of Iran, known as the Paleo Mega Lake of Rey. This paper aims to meticulously examine the provided data while accurately pinpointing to this lake. Additionally, significant data related to periods when the lake was filled with water has been acquired. Consequently, there is no longer any room for uncertainty regarding the presence of the lake during the era when humans resided in the territory of Iran.
  PubDate: Thu, 04 Jul 2024 07:30:00 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-32024
The Veramin meteorite – when and where did it fall'
- Abstract: The Veramin meteorite – when and where did it fall'
  Dan Holtstam and Ataollah Hassani
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-8,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  The meteorite "Veramin" fell in Persia ca. 1880. In the records, there are ambiguities about the event and we therefore scrutinized the available sources. The current official name, coined by meteoricist A. Brezina, is not supported by Iranian documents. A key document is a rediscovered label with the main mass of the meteorite. The indicated place of the event, probably occurring in February–April 1880, is Booghin of in the historical Zarand district, 100 km NW from Veramin (Varamin).
  PubDate: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 11:23:56 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-82024
Early auroral photography and observations at the Sodankylä Geophysical
Observatory in Finland, 1927–1929
- Abstract: Early auroral photography and observations at the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory in Finland, 1927–1929
  Heikki Nevanlinna and Eija I. Tanskanen
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 15, 17–25, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-15-17-2024, 2024
  This paper deals with historical auroral photographs taken at the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory (Finland) in 1927–1929. These photos are the first ones taken in Finland. The work was a co-operation with the Norwegian auroral team and Carl Störmer. The auroral material was recently found in the archive of the Finnish Meteorological Institute and is now published for the first time for the international scientific community.
  PubDate: Tue, 25 Jun 2024 11:23:56 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-15-17-2024 2024
Observations of mesospheric clouds in Latvia 1957–1983
- Abstract: Observations of mesospheric clouds in Latvia 1957–1983
  Jānis Kauliņš
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-10,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  Long-term series of historical observations in Latvia of mesospheric clouds are digitized. Observational data are freely available to researchers. Observation sites, methodology and technical support are described. A brief overview of mesospheric cloud observation statistics 1957–1983.
  PubDate: Tue, 25 Jun 2024 11:23:56 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-102024
Lightning and thunder explanations in encyclopedias – from ancient
Greece to WIKIPEDIA
- Abstract: Lightning and thunder explanations in encyclopedias – from ancient Greece to WIKIPEDIA
  Kristian Schlegel
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-9,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  The explanation of thunder and lightning in encyclopedias from ancinet times to WIKIPEDIA is described and discussed.
  PubDate: Mon, 24 Jun 2024 12:54:47 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-92024
Historical evolution of the geomagnetic declination at the Royal
Observatory of Madrid
- Abstract: Historical evolution of the geomagnetic declination at the Royal Observatory of Madrid
  Jose Manuel Tordesillas, F. Javier Pavón-Carrasco, Alberto Nuñez, and Ana Belén Anquela
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-6,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  In December 2021 the agonic line crossed the Royal Observatory of Madrid on its westward drift. The previous cross of the agonic line, drifting eastward, is not accurately dated because declination measurements of that time are scarce. After collecting the data made in the Iberian Peninsula over the last 500 years and reducing them to the ROM coordinates, a geomagnetic declination curve has been generated. As a result, the previous cross of the agonic line has been dated around the year 1652.
  PubDate: Tue, 07 May 2024 11:37:23 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-62024
Contribution to the knowledge of early geotechnics during the 20th
century: Laurits Bjerrum
- Abstract: Contribution to the knowledge of early geotechnics during the 20th century: Laurits Bjerrum
  Gonzalo Guillán-LLorente, Belén Muñoz-Medina, Antonio Lorenzo Lara-Galera, and Rubén Galindo-Aires
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-5,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  Karl Terzaghi, reached out to Laurits Bjerrum in 1954, impressed by his paper on Norwegian quick clays' stability. At 36, Bjerrum, already a PhD and NGI director, emphasized practical research integration, influenced by centers like Imperial College London. He advocated for Soil Mechanics in civil engineering education and founded its chair in 1960. Bjerrum left a lasting legacy, earning international acclaim for his NGI work and collaborations with geotechnicals like Terzaghi and Casagrande.
  PubDate: Fri, 03 May 2024 11:37:23 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-52024
History of the Potsdam, Seddin and Niemegk Geomagnetic Observatories
– Part 3: Niemegk
- Abstract: History of the Potsdam, Seddin and Niemegk Geomagnetic Observatories – Part 3: Niemegk
  Hans-Joachim Linthe
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2024-2,2024
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  1. The DC powered service of the Berlin suburban railways disturbed the observations in Potsdam and Seddin. 2. A suitable location for the establishment of a new observatory was found near by the small town of Niemegk. 3. The “Adolf-Schmidt-Observatorium für Erdmagnetismus Niemegk” was officially opened on 23 July 1930, Adolf Schmidt’s 70th. 4. The observations started on 1 January 1932. 5. The Niemegk measurement series span over 92 years only interrupted at the end of World War II.
  PubDate: Mon, 22 Apr 2024 15:25:25 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2024-22024
Atmospheric electricity observations at Eskdalemuir Geophysical
Observatory
- Abstract: Atmospheric electricity observations at Eskdalemuir Geophysical Observatory
  R. Giles Harrison and John C. Riddick
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 15, 5–16, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-15-5-2024, 2024
  Eskdalemuir Observatory opened in 1908, sited remotely for magnetically quiet conditions. Continuous atmospheric potential gradient (PG) recordings began in 1911, using a Kelvin water dropper electrograph. Notable scientists who worked with atmospheric electricity at Eskdalemuir include Lewis Fry Richardson and Gordon Dobson. The PG measurements continued until 1981. The methodologies employed are described to help interpret the monthly data now digitally available.
  PubDate: Fri, 19 Apr 2024 15:52:06 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-15-5-2024 2024
Mehmet Ozan Sungurlu, the legendary Turkish petroleum geologist
- Abstract: Mehmet Ozan Sungurlu, the legendary Turkish petroleum geologist
  Oguz Mulayim
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 15, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-15-1-2024, 2024
  The life and work of pioneer geologists such as M. Ozan Sungurlu are a historical and fundamental reference point that should be remembered by current and future generations of geoscientists. This article was written in memory and appreciation of M. Ozan Sungurlu, who made a great contribution to the field and petroleum geology of Türkiye and whose sectoral greatness in the world is undisputed.
  PubDate: Thu, 18 Apr 2024 15:52:06 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-15-1-2024 2024
Book review: Unleashing Yahweh: Ezekiel and the Northern Lights by George
Siscoe
- Abstract: Book review: Unleashing Yahweh: Ezekiel and the Northern Lights by George Siscoe
  Louis J. Lanzerotti
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 121–122, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-121-2023, 2023
  
  PubDate: Wed, 01 Nov 2023 14:26:01 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-121-2023 2023
Comparing the evolution of ESA versus NASA technology transfer approach:
market and public demand drivers
- Abstract: Comparing the evolution of ESA versus NASA technology transfer approach: market and public demand drivers
  Giorgio Petroni, Benedetta Pini, Serena Filippelli, and Alberto Petroni
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2023-8,2023
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  ESA and NASA have distinct technology transfer approaches, including differences in organizational structure, funding mechanisms, intellectual property strategies, international collaborations, business incubation centers, and commercialization focus. However, both agencies share the common goals of maximizing the societal and economic impact of space technologies and fostering innovation through technology transfer.
  PubDate: Wed, 30 Aug 2023 16:46:28 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2023-82023
The early meteorological network of the Societas Meteorologica Palatina
(1781–1792): foundation, organization, and reception
- Abstract: The early meteorological network of the Societas Meteorologica Palatina (1781–1792): foundation, organization, and reception
  Peter Winkler
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 93–120, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-93-2023, 2023
  The foundation of the Societas Meteorologica Palatina was the most important step toward a physical consideration of meteorology. The organization was exemplary for later observational networks. The data were printed in 12 volumes of ephemerides, being for a long time the most important and reliable database for scientific research. This data pool is not only of historical interest, but it is also used in modern research in many fields.
  PubDate: Tue, 29 Aug 2023 16:46:28 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-93-2023 2023
A New Propose for Prehistoric Tritonis Lake’s Location based on
Apollonius of Rhodes’ description
- Abstract: A New Propose for Prehistoric Tritonis Lake’s Location based on Apollonius of Rhodes’ description
  Stavros Papamarinopoulos, Panagiota Preka-Papadema, Konstantinos Kalachanis, Habik-Hasak Maroukian, Georgios Saraditis, Dimitrios Theodosopoulos, and Chris Tzanis
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/hgss-2022-15,2023
  Preprint under review for HGSS (discussion: open, 0 comments)
  The Argonauts’ trip along the northern limit of the Libyan Desert, from Syrtis Gulf to Tritonis Lake, is described by Apollonius Rhodes’ text ‘Argonautica’. The Argonauts sailed in this lake and located a narrow passage through which they exit to the Mediterranean’s coast.
  PubDate: Thu, 29 Jun 2023 10:46:31 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-2022-152023
New Zealand's first gauge-based sea level measurements
- Abstract: New Zealand's first gauge-based sea level measurements
  Glen H. Rowe
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 77–92, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-77-2023, 2023
  New Zealand’s first tide-gauge-based sea level measurements were made in 1773 during James Cook’s second voyage of discovery to the South Pacific. The paper examines the quality of those measurements by comparison with tide predictions based on modern information from locations close to the sites of the 1773 observations. The results show that the quality of their work was of at least a high standard. Whilst of little scientific value today, these measurements are historically significant.
  PubDate: Fri, 16 Jun 2023 13:45:46 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-77-2023 2023
Atmospheric electricity observations by Reinhold Reiter around
Garmisch-Partenkirchen
- Abstract: Atmospheric electricity observations by Reinhold Reiter around Garmisch-Partenkirchen
  R. Giles Harrison and Kristian Schlegel
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 71–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-71-2023, 2023
  Environmental measurements were undertaken by Reinhold Reiter (1920–1998) around Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the Bavarian Alps for 4 decades. This included measurement sites on the Zugspitze and Wank mountains as well as the use of an instrumented cable car between the Eibsee and the Zugspitze summit. The Mount Wank site operated between 1 August 1972 and 31 December 1983, and the hourly data values – including atmospheric electricity quantities – for this site have been recovered.
  PubDate: Wed, 07 Jun 2023 23:05:14 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-71-2023 2023
History of EISCAT – Part 6: the participation of Japan in the EISCAT
Scientific Association
- Abstract: History of EISCAT – Part 6: the participation of Japan in the EISCAT Scientific Association
  Nobuo Matuura, Ryoichi Fujii, and Satonori Nozawa
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 61–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-61-2023, 2023
  This paper describes the details of the Japan's participation in the EISCAT Radar Scientific Association as the 7th associate country approved in 1995, emphasizing strong collaboration with Norwegian scientists and the EISCAT Radar Scientific Association towards the realization of the Svalbard second antenna. Also described is a brief summary of Japanese EISCAT-related scientific achievement, comprehensive scientific collaborations so far between Japan and Europe, and hopes for EISCAT_3D.
  PubDate: Wed, 31 May 2023 14:54:18 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-61-2023 2023
Historical geomagnetic observations from Prague observatory (since 1839)
and their contribution to geomagnetic research
- Abstract: Historical geomagnetic observations from Prague observatory (since 1839) and their contribution to geomagnetic research
  Pavel Hejda, Fridrich Valach, and Miloš Revallo
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 51–60, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-51-2023, 2023
  Historical observations are important, even for modern science (such as space research). The Clementinum in Prague was one of the first observatories where systematic measurements of the geomagnetic field commenced. We focus on the beginning of these Prague measurements, which were introduced by Karl Kreil in 1839. We describe archived data from that time, some details about the main instrument for observing magnetic storms and the first magnetic mapping in Bohemia.
  PubDate: Tue, 04 Apr 2023 09:39:42 +020
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-51-2023 2023
History of the Potsdam, Seddin and Niemegk geomagnetic observatories
– Part 2: Seddin
- Abstract: History of the Potsdam, Seddin and Niemegk geomagnetic observatories – Part 2: Seddin
  Hans-Joachim Linthe
  Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 14, 43–50, https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-14-43-2023, 2023
  Due to anthropogenic disturbances on the Potsdam Magnetic Observatory, a sub-observatory was installed in 1907 in the village of Seddin. Only variometer recordings were performed there. The launch of the DC-powered service of the Berlin suburban railway in 1928 influenced the observations in Potsdam and Seddin. The absolute measurements were moved to Seddin, and a new observatory was planned in Niemegk. Seddin Observatory closed in 1932.
  PubDate: Mon, 06 Mar 2023 17:33:37 +010
  DOI: 10.5194/hgss-14-43-2023 2023

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