 Subjects -> SCIENCES: COMPREHENSIVE WORKS (Total: 374 journals)
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- French language instruction in Galicia (1867–1939): Analysis of
curricula, programs, and methodologies
Authors: Anton Ivashchuk
Pages: 305 - 331
Abstract: This study investigates the evolution of French language teaching methodologies in Galicia from 1867 to 1939, with a particular focus on the transition from the grammar-translation and text-translation methods to the direct method. Utilizing a historical-analytical approach, the research draws upon a wide range of primary sources, including educational curricula, pedagogical reports, and theoretical works by contemporary educators. The study reveals that the early period of French language instruction in Galicia was dominated by methods that prioritized the systematic mastery of grammar through deductive learning, where reading and translating texts played a central role. Writing has been seen as the ultimate goal of language acquisition, while speaking was often relegated to a secondary position. However, a significant shift occurred by the end of the 19th century, influenced by contemporary linguistic theories such as Neogrammarianism and psychological principles like Gestalt psychology. These new approaches emphasized the importance of oral communication, the contextual understanding of language, and the integration of cultural knowledge into language instruction. The direct method, which emerged during this period, aimed to teach French in a more practical and communicative manner, encouraging students to speak the language from the outset and use it in everyday situations. Despite the shift towards the direct method, the study notes that some traditional practices, such as the use of the native language for explaining grammatical concepts, continued to persist. This research concludes that the evolution of French language teaching in Galicia was characterized by a gradual but profound transformation towards more communicative and student-centered approaches, which laid the groundwork for modern language pedagogy in the region. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the historical development of language teaching methods and suggest areas for further research, particularly in the long-term impacts of these pedagogical shifts on contemporary language education practices.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-305-331
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Planning paradigms throughout economic history
Authors: Olha Kravchenko, Olga Shkurenko, Svitlana Bonіar, Svitlana Shuliarenko
Pages: 332 - 349
Abstract: Planning has always been an essential part of scientific and practical activities, driven by the need for purposeful development in science, technology and society. The paper focuses on the study of the development of planning in the context of the history of economics and economic thought. The purpose of the paper is to study the formation of planning paradigms throughout economic history as a reflection of the features of the socio-economic processes that dominated from the late 19th century to the early 21st century. To achieve this purpose, general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization of literary sources) and special (historical-retrospective, chronological, historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods were used. The results of the study showed the main driving force of the genesis is a change in the level of environmental stability, the degree of socio-economic processes predictability and the level of uncertainty in their future development. The historical process of the formation of planning paradigms divided into three periods of dominance: I. The dominance of the neoclassical paradigm (from the late 19th century to the 1970s); II. The dominance of the neo-institutional paradigm (from the late 1970s to the late 1980s); III. The dominance of the evolutionary paradigm (from the late 1980s to the early 21st century). The formation of the neoclassical paradigm was due to the development of capitalism in Europe and was based on the assumption of socio-economic processes dynamics predictability. It allowed the use of optimization planning by continuing established trends into the future. The need to consider the current and future conditions of institutions and their impact on the activities of the economic agents (entrepreneurs, companies, states) led to the formation of a neo-institutional planning paradigm. Recognition of the environmental instability led to the formation of an evolutionary planning paradigm based on considering the trends in the changing world and their dynamics, as well as the ability of economic agents to adequately respond (adapt) to them. One of the main factors in the formation of new planning paradigms was the deepening of the gap between planning theory and practice. As a result, it was impossible to obtain reliable long-term forecasts. One of the features of the genesis of planning paradigms is the parallel use, which allows ensuring their development considering the socio-economic processes that have developed.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-332-349
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Ukrainian scientists at the Tselinograd State Medical Institute:
Contribution to education and science (1960s)
Authors: Zhanar Mukhangaliyeva, Akkaiyn Balykova, Zhanna Mazhitova
Pages: 350 - 373
Abstract: The article examines the work, scientific achievements, and contribution of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Viktor Rafailovich Faitelberg-Blank and Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor Maria Vasilievna Kropelnitskaya to the development of the Tselinograd State Medical Institute in the 1960s.
Authors used the methods of microhistory and comparative historical analysis to achieve the goal of the study, which made it possible to comprehensively reveal the activities of scientists and organizers of medical education V. R. Faitelberg-Blank and M. V. Kropelnitskaya in the Virgin Land. The authors used archival funds and documents, and brief historiographical reviews during the research. For the first time, a set of sources have been introduced into scientific circulation that allow a new look and an objective assessment of the activities of Ukrainian scientists at the Tselinograd Medical Institute. Based on documentary materials from the State Archives of Astana, information from the surviving personal files of V. R. Faitelberg-Blank and M. V. Kropelnitskaya, the main stages of their formation as scientists and teachers in the territory of Ukraine, as well as the reasons for their appearance in Kazakhstan to work at the medical institute have been specified. The activities of V. R. Faitelberg-Blank as the founder of the Department of Pathological Physiology contributed to forming a scientific school that received recognition in Kazakhstan. Also he was engaged in the general development of the problems of “physiology and pathology of digestion”. Despite the short time of V. R. Faitelberg-Blank's work at the institute (1965–1967), he was one of the first scientists at the university who contributed to instilling in his colleagues’ scientific skills of experimental work with animals. The article focuses on the fact that the scientist's many years of experience led to the development of long-term scientific interests of the department in the study of functional and somatic muscles and the gastrointestinal tract under static load and exposure to high-frequency physical agents. V. R. Faitelberg-Blank laid the traditions of teaching students, which has become the foundation for the training of qualified medical personnel in Kazakhstan. The authors have proved the enormous role of M. V. Kropelnitskaya in the formation of the Department of Internal Diseases Propaedeutics, which received recognition as a scientific school engaged in the study of specific methods of treating patients with pathologies of internal organs. M. V. Kropelnitskaya paid students great attention to the study of many physiological processes in norm and pathology. For the first time at the university, she accompanied theoretical material with a demonstration of patients during classes and gave relevant clinical examples. In conclusion, a resume has been made about the enormous contribution of the scientific and pedagogical heritage of V. R. Faitelberg-Blank and M. V. Kropelnitskaya to the development of medical education in virgin Kazakhstan.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-350-373
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Natural and mathematical publications of the Dnipro region at the end of
the 19th–beginning of the 20th century: Establishment of educational
technology as a science
Authors: Natalya Pasichnyk, Renat Rizhniak, Нanna Deforzh
Pages: 374 - 400
Abstract: The article defines the role of the Journal of Elementary Mathematics, the Bulletin of Experimental Physics and Elementary Mathematics, and the “Mathesis” Publishing House in transforming the total knowledge about the technology of teaching natural and scientific disciplines into Science. When organizing the research, for a meaningful analysis of its subject, the analysis of information from publications the generalization of the elements of natural and mathematical knowledge presented in the publications, and the systematization of descriptions of the technology of teaching natural and mathematical disciplines were used. Quantification of text, collection of empirical data, their generalization, and mathematical and statistical processing were used in the process of quantitative analysis. As a result of the research of the materials of both magazines and the products of the “Mathesis” Publishing House during the entire period of their operation, the authors came to the following conclusions. Firstly, from 1886–1925, the ideas of technologies were actively developed in the pages of authoritative publications of the Russian Empire at the time, which functioned in the territory of the Dnipro region – “Journal of Elementary Mathematics”, “Bulletin of Experimental Physics and Elementary Mathematics” and book editions of the “Mathesis” Publishing House teaching of natural and mathematical disciplines, the contents of textbooks and methodical manuals in Mathematics and Natural Sciences were published and discussed, the peculiarities of teacher training were analyzed, methodical schools of outstanding scientists and methodologists were started and fixed, educational programs were reviewed. This shows that thanks to the activities of both magazines and publishing houses, real conditions were created for the meaningful and technological provision of the transitional period from the stage of formation of methodological approaches to the stage of scientific substantiation of the technology of teaching natural and mathematical disciplines in high school in the global context of its formation as a Science. The total volumes of publications, the number of their articles and books, the quality of execution, and the breadth of coverage of the content of natural and mathematical disciplines testify to the ability of editorial offices to carry out the planned measures for the production of substantive and methodical support for teaching and distribution of popular science publications to motivate a wide range of young people (and older members of the population) to study Mathematics, Physics, Astronomy, Biology, Chemistry, and Geography. Both journal editors and the management of the publishing house were aware of the important role of practice in the study of natural and mathematical disciplines – for all analyzed institutions, more than a fourth of the volume of all publications was allocated for problem material and laboratory workshops. Articles and books of a methodological nature became an important component of the publications, in which the peculiarities of the teaching technology were revealed, the subject terminology was clarified, discussions were organized about teaching models, the peculiarities of the speeches of famous mathematicians and natural scientists at various level congresses and congresses were highlighted, and the pedagogical and scientific heritage was disseminated, famous scientists.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-374-400
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- The history of cryotechnologies in reproductive medicine: From randomness
to stability
Authors: Marina Petrushko, Volodymyr Piniaiev, Taisiia Yurchuk
Pages: 401 - 418
Abstract: The article provides an overview of the historical milestones in cryobiology, a scientific field that has found widespread practical application in reproductive medicine. Cryotechnologies have revolutionized assisted reproductive technologies, offering invaluable tools for the storage, protection, and management of reproductive cells such as sperm, oocytes, and embryos. The technology began with the first successful attempts at sperm cryopreservation, which not only demonstrated the possibility of preserving male gametes but also inspired a wave of research aimed at developing cryopreservation protocols for more sensitive and complex biological entities, including oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Cryopreservation has become a crucial component of fertility preservation, offering new opportunities for individuals and couples facing medical treatments that could compromise their reproductive potential, as well as providing options for delaying parenthood. Given the critical role of cryotechnologies in modern reproductive medicine, this article delves into the historical context of these developments, exploring the key breakthroughs that have shaped this field. The authors conducted an in-depth analysis of existing literature, drawing on a wide range of scientific databases to highlight the global impact of cryobiology on the current successes in reproductive medicine. Furthermore, the article presents the results of the authors' own research and practical experience in the field of reproductive cryobiology, with a particular focus on the application of these technologies in Ukraine. The review underscores the challenges and opportunities that have emerged throughout the history of cryopreservation, as well as ongoing efforts to improve and optimize these methods to further enhance infertility treatment outcomes. The discussion also addresses ethical and logistical considerations related to cryopreservation, particularly in the context of long-term storage and future use of cryopreserved materials. As cryobiology continues to evolve, its integration into reproductive medicine will undoubtedly lead to further innovations, making it a cornerstone of infertility treatment and reproductive health worldwide.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-401-418
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Karl Popper's "Critical Rationalism": The way to freedom
and democracy
Authors: Oksana Pylypchuk, Oleh Strelko
Pages: 419 - 435
Abstract: In the history of science, there are known cases when people come into life whose vocation is to make a series of discoveries, which then change the scientific views of entire generations. The name of the philosopher Karl Popper became world-famous during his lifetime, because the achievements of this scientist impress with the originality and boldness of ideas, a high level of scientific knowledge and the scale of world perception. The article is devoted to the analysis of the life and activities of the outstanding philosopher and sociologist of the 20th century. Karl Raimund Popper, who was best known for his scientific works on the methodology and philosophy of science, as well as social and political philosophy. It is shown that his logical concept of the growth of scientific knowledge, which he began to develop in the 20s of the 20th century became the basis for the creation of the principle of falsification, which he proposed as a criterion for demarcation between science and pseudoscience. It is noted that in the following logical and methodological works of the scientist, a transition is observed in the field of scientific research of the scientist from logical and methodological problems of epistemology or the theory of scientific knowledge to the general theory of knowledge and evolutionary epistemology, as well as a transition from already obtained results to socio-political problems. The process of formation of the theory of critical rationalism was highlighted, which was that any theory, hypothesis, scientific knowledge should be as objective as possible and not depend on the opinion of individual people or communities. An analysis of the scientist's works in the field of social philosophy was carried out, which were based on the concepts of scientific knowledge and cognition developed by him. It has been studied that such a concept as "historicism" takes an important part in the formation of a totalitarian society, and the utopian ideas of Marxism, socialism and communism only lead to the inhibition of the development of any society. K. Popper's position on this issue is highlighted. The difference between an open and a closed society, which is traced in the scientist's scientific heritage, is reflected. And the impact of K. Popper's scientific heritage on the modern realities of Ukraine and the entire democratic world in the conditions of an international armed conflict is also determined.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-419-435
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Foundations of ophthalmology in Dutch East Indies: A look at distribution
of early ophthalmology medical facilities (1900‒1942)
Authors: Vivi Sandra Sari, Mayca Sita Nurdiana
Pages: 436 - 464
Abstract: This research examines the development of ophthalmology as a medical specialty in the Dutch East Indies between the years 1900 and 1942. The research is focus on the establishment of ophthalmology medical facilities, consist of ophthalmology hospitals, departments of ophthalmology, and ophthalmology outpatient clinics. The methods used in this research are a literature review of archival documents and spatio-temporal analysis. The primary source of archival documents for this study are the Medical Journal for the Dutch East Indies (Geneeskundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie), Communications from the Civil Medical Service (Mededeelingen van den Burgerlijk Geneeskundige Dienst), Communications from the Public Health Service (Mededeelingen van den Dienst der Volksgezondheid), and Kolonial Verslaag. A spatio-temporal analysis was conducted to look at the distribution of medical facilities over time, using a phase division into three periods: 1900‒1910, 1901‒1930, and 1931‒1942. This research indicates that the establishment of ophthalmology medical facilities was a response to the prevalence of eye health problems in the Dutch East Indies during the nineteenth century. During the period between 1900 and 1910, a notable advancement in ophthalmology occurred with the establishment od ophthalmology hospital. These facilities were predominantly concentrated in Java, particularly in cities that served as administrative centers, such as Bandung and Semarang. From 1911 to 1930, the number of medical facilities increased with the establishment of departments of ophthalmology in hospital and ophthalmology outpatient clinics. The construction of medical facilities commenced in Sumatra, particularly in Padang and Perbaoengan. In contrast, the medical facilities constructed during the period between 1931 and 1942 were exclusively outpatient clinics. The findings indicate that the early ophthalmology medical facilities were concentrated in Java and Sumatra. Additionally, this study delves into the diagnostic and therapeutic measures employed by ophthalmologists to address a spectrum of eye diseases. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that the establishment of ophthalmology medical facilities in the Dutch East Indies signified the acceptance of ophthalmology as a specialized field dedicated to advancing public health and encouraged further research into eye diseases and their treatment.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-436-464
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Work at the Kharkiv Electromechanical and Turbo-Generator Plant on the
project of electromagnetic torpedo tubes (1936–1938)
Authors: Ihor Annienkov
Pages: 465 - 486
Abstract: The article, based on archival documents of the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant, highlights the activities of scientists of this enterprise during 1936–1938 on the project to create electromagnetic systems for bubble-free torpedo firing, which in today is completely new information for historians of science and technology, and for specialists in the field of electrical machine engineering too. This project arose as a result of a confluence of several circumstances, one of which was the need of the Soviet naval submarine fleet on the eve of World War II to improve itself torpedo armament with systems that would not reveal submarines when firing torpedoes from a submerged. Another circumstance was that since 1934 the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant was the main enterprise in the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republic for the production of electromechanics for ships of all classes and for all coastal defense facilities, and therefore its administration and the scientific and technical personnel who were involved in defense issues at the plant, were aware of this problem. At the same time, some of the latter, working part-time at the Kharkiv Electrotechnical Institute, from the first half of the 1930s, along with the studies problems of rotary electric machines, actively developed the direction of electric machines with the axial [linear] direction of rotor movement, and achieved significant results in this. Thus, by 1936, conditions had been formed when meeting the need to provide Soviet submarines with bubble-free torpedo firing systems became theoretically possible through the use of electromagnetic torpedo launching according to the methods developed by Kharkiv scientists for linear electric machines, and by torpedo tubes whose corresponding equipment for which’s could be manufacturing at Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant. However, this theoretical possibility required practical confirmation, for which the “Magnetic Torpedo Pusher” project was organized, carried out by the same specialists who were engaged in the study of linear electric machines both at the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant and at the Kharkiv Electrotechnical Institute. The purpose of the project was to select a possible version of the fundamental design of an electromagnetic torpedo tube and test the functionality created according to the chosen design option using model experiments. Studies have shown that pushing a torpedo out of a torpedo tube within the framework of the modes established by the customers of the project is possible with the help of a running magnetic field, however, the electromagnetic method of launching a torpedo does not make it completely bubble-free, but only leads to a decrease in the volume of the air bubble formed during the firing. Wherein, the use of electromagnetic launch of torpedoes on existing and designed projects of Soviet submarines turned out to be impossible due to significant changes in the weight and size characteristics of the electrical power equipment, that need to be installed in this case. Meanwhile, the same degree of reduction of the air bubble without any significant additional costs has already been achieved in the designs of pneumatic torpedo tubes of Stalinets-type submarines, projected by order of the Soviet Union by German and Holland designers, which completely deprived the project of torpedo tubes with electromagnetic action of its attractiveness, and led to its closure. At the same time, despite the unsuccessful result of this project in the context of creating a bubble-free torpedo firing system, its implementation allowed Kharkiv scientists to validate and verify the methods they created for calculating and designing linear electric machines, as well as to determine the optimal designs of magnetofugal stators, which was subsequently used in the creation special electromechanical equipment for the mining and construction industries.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-465-486
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Analysis of the application of lasers for counter-UAV purposes
Authors: Artemii Bernatskyi, Volodymyr Lukashenko, Oleksandr Siora, Mykola Sokolovskyi
Pages: 487 - 512
Abstract: From the dawn of human history, mankind has always made efforts to create more effective tools for combating other creatures, including fellow people. Thus, the utilisation of different species of animals, the creation of new weapons and other means of human progress have always led to new developments, aimed at emulating, replacing or combating these innovations. The development of unmanned aerial vehicles has prompted the need to develop alternative and innovative countermeasures. These methods may range from the usage of interceptor drones to the application of concentrated energy beams. This paper examines the progress and known uses of laser technology in the context of combating unmanned aerial vehicles. In order to deepen and systematize knowledge about the development of laser applications in the military field, a systematic bibliographic analysis of scientific papers and popular publications on the development of both laser technologies and unmanned aerial vehicles over the past century was conducted. The study focused on developments that were built (at least as a prototype) and tested against various unmanned aerial vehicles. The results were then compared with a number of articles that separately focused on the history, prospects, and current issues in the development of laser weapons and unmanned aerial vehicles. At the same time, due to the fact that laser technology is one of the most rapidly and comprehensively developing areas of scientific progress, it was decided to use a periodic classification model, the main criterion of which was the focus of laser technology development on countering unmanned aerial systems. The issue of determining the cause-and-effect relationship that links the development of unmanned aerial vehicle technologies and designs with the shift in the focus of laser weapons development to counteract them was considered. It is noted that, due to the high requirements for human and financial capital, the direction and pace of development of laser weapons depend not only on technological limitations, but also on the vision of military strategy and possible threats at a given time. As a conclusion, a variant of periodization of the history of the development of laser weapons as a means of combating unmanned aerial vehicles was proposed.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-487-512
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- History of the evolution of cinema in the context of considering the
stages of development of science and technology. The first steps to the
birth of cinema
Authors: Liudmyla Vaniuha, Mariia Kyreia, Natalia Lemishka, Olena Spolska, Iryna Patron
Pages: 513 - 538
Abstract: Historiographic works on the history of cinema play an important role in preserving knowledge about the development of this art form. They not only document the key stages of the evolution of cinema, but also provide an opportunity to analyze it as a cultural phenomenon that is closely intertwined with the history of mankind. Historiographic works on the history of cinema cover the study of the development of cinema as an art, a means of communication and an industry. They reflect various aspects of its formation: socio-cultural influences, technological breakthroughs, genre transformations and the role of cinema in a historical context. However, a thorough analysis of historiographic sources on the study of the history of the evolution of cinema in the context of considering the stages of the development of science and technology has not been carried out before. The aim of the study is to investigate the state, completeness and reliability of the study of the history of the development of cinema in the context of considering the stages of the development of science and technology, based on the analysis of historiographic sources, the achievements of predecessors, and modern methodology. The objective of this article is to analyze historiographical sources that consider the magic lantern, the camera obscura, and the shadow play as key precursors to cinema. The magic lantern, the camera obscura, and the shadow play were key milestones in the development of cinema, as they developed techniques for manipulating light and shadow, creating the illusion of movement, and projecting images. They became important precursors to cinema, providing the conceptual and technical foundations that allowed cinematic technologies as we know them today to emerge. All three devices actively used the manipulation of light and shadow to create visual effects that became the basis for cinema. Each of these devices allowed for technical innovations in the use of lighting, projections, and images that were later adapted in cinematic technologies such as projectors and motion pictures. All of these technologies helped popularize the idea of using optical effects and media for a mass audience, which was important for the emergence of cinema as an industry. Historiographical works devoted to the magic lantern, the camera obscura, and the shadow play focus on the study of these inventions as important precursors to cinema. They laid the foundations of visual art that uses the play of light and shadow, and influenced the development of technologies for creating the illusion of movement.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-513-538
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
- Academician of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences Petro Mykhaylovych
Suprunenko: Life and activity
Authors: Volodymyr Yanin, Oleksiy Petruchenko
Pages: 539 - 551
Abstract: The article updates the most significant information about the outstanding scientist-mechanic and railwayman of the first third of the 20th century Academician of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences Petro Mykhaylovych Suprunenko (1893–1938). It is proven that his activities in the field of railway development are a significant contribution to the development of world science and technology. The main scientific works of the scientist and engineer are devoted to important problems of transport mechanics. He paid special attention to locomotive and wagon construction (he was a wagon designer). Wagons were built on the basis of a large amount of experimental material, which at one time received significant public resonance and scientific and technical recognition. It is emphasized that P. M. Suprunenko was one of the first railway engineers who proposed a scientific analysis of the interaction of the track with the rolling stock of railways. The article notes that today P. M. Suprunenko is mentioned very little, only fragments of his biography are described, only some of his scientific works are characterized. In the Institute of Transport Mechanics of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences headed by him, the following research was successfully developed under his leadership: methodological problems of transport mechanics were highlighted in order to comprehensively solve the tasks of modernization of the railway industry; research of non-stationary dynamic processes of interaction of rolling stock (train) with the track system (especially the study of the resonance phenomenon); research of the theory of calculations of locomotive traction on railway tracks in order to optimize elements of transport mechanics and increase their efficiency, etc. The article describes in detail each of these areas of research by P. M. Suprunenko. In general, his research focused on problems of railway transport. In the field of train traction theory, P. M. Suprunenko created a number of new methods for graphical integration of differential equations of train motion, paid significant attention to improving existing ones and creating new devices designed to measure the characteristics of various processes occurring in rolling stock and tracks. The scientist's achievements in the initial period of railway transport construction in Ukraine, especially on the South-Western Railways, are confirmed. The article shows that the role of P. M. Suprunenko was in his scientific work as an "idea generator" and a leading theorist in combination with engineering activities.
PubDate: 2024-12-15
DOI: 10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-2-539-551
Issue No: Vol. 14, No. 2 (2024)
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