 Subjects -> SCIENCES: COMPREHENSIVE WORKS (Total: 374 journals)
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- Skill retention after desktop and head-mounted-display virtual reality
training
Authors: Farr; Alexander, Pietschmann, Leon, Zürcher, Paul, Bohné, Thomas, Yapici, Guney Guven
First page: 2
Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used in learning and can be experienced with a head-mounted display as a 3D immersive version (immersive virtual reality [IVR]) or with a PC (or another computer) as a 2D desktop-based version (desktop virtual reality [DVR]). A research gap is the effect of IVR and DVR on learners’ skill retention. To address this gap, we designed an experiment in which learners were trained and tested for the assembly of a procedural industrial task. We found nonsignificant differences in the number of errors, the time to completion, satisfaction, self-efficacy, and motivation. The results support the view that DVR and IVR are similarly useful for learning retention. These insights may help researchers and practitioners to decide which form of VR they should use.
PubDate: 2023-01-11
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2022.28
- Interpretation of the electric vehicle operating point in real time
Authors: Kolachalama; Srikanth, Surti, Iqbal, Malik, Hafiz, Pekguleryuz, Mihriban O.
First page: 3
Abstract: In this article, the performance parameters of the electric vehicle were investigated, and its operating point was defined using the core components (Battery, Inverter, and Motor). The test vehicle 2023 Cadillac Lyriq, provided by General Motors Inc., was driven on specified road segments, and the real-time data were retrieved using the integrated controller area network architecture. The neoVI–Fire 2 tool was connected to the vehicle system, which records the dynamic data, and Vehicle Spy software was used to convert the data into a readable format. Finally, the vector electric vehicle operating point was proposed, and the corresponding behavior was interpreted. This methodology could assist researchers in understanding the dynamic behavior of electric vehicle parameters to develop integrated techniques which augment the performance in real time.
PubDate: 2023-01-11
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2022.27
- Effects of haptic imagery on purchase intention
Authors: Inoue; Yumi, Payne, Jessica
First page: 4
Abstract: The COVID‑19 pandemic has increased the popularity of online shopping, and companies are looking for ways to provide consumers with experiences that online shopping cannot provide, such as touching products and imagining them in use. In this context, the importance of haptic imagery of products showcased online is increasing. This study replicated and extended Peck et al.’s (2013, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23, 189–196) finding that physical control and psychological ownership mediate the influence of haptic imagery on purchase intention. This study showed that imagining touching a product increased purchase intention through the mediation of physical control and psychological ownership compared with not imagining, conceptually replicating Peck et al.’s study. This study also examined the moderating effect of product involvement and showed that there was no moderator role of product involvement. The findings would have a practical application in marketing, such as encouraging consumers to imagine touching the product.
PubDate: 2023-01-25
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.1
- Potential analytical interferences when measuring Tmax during temperature
programmed pyrolysis of hydrothermally altered volcanoclastic sediment
Authors: Bowden; Stephen A., Kobayashi, Yuino, Offeh, Ogheneworo E., Tsang, Man-Yin, Yamamoto, Yuzuru, Satish-Kumar, M.
First page: 5
Abstract: The temperature of maximum pyrolysis yield (known as Tmax) can be used to determine the level of thermal alteration in sedimentary organic matter; higher Tmax values represent higher thermal alteration. Tmax is commonly measured on petroleum source rocks or similar sediments with high organic carbon contents. It would be desirable to measure the Tmax of volcanic sediments because they can have complex patterns of thermal alteration. However, volcanic sediments often have low total organic carbon contents and consequently are susceptible to analytical interferences. Despite this, it can be shown that meaningful Tmax measurements can still be made in sediment with organic carbon contents as low as 0.2% and that interference caused by bitumen or ionizable salts can be mitigated by solvent extraction and rinsing with water. Thus, it is reasonable to use temperature programmed pyrolysis to assess levels of thermal alteration in even low total organic carbon volcanoclastic sediments.
PubDate: 2023-02-10
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.3
- Validating the behavioral Defining Issues Test across different genders,
political, and religious affiliations
Authors: Han; Hyemin, Ober, Teresa
First page: 6
Abstract: The Defining Issues Test (DIT) has been widely used in psychological experiments to assess one’s developmental level of moral reasoning in terms of postconventional reasoning. However, there have been concerns regarding whether the tool is biased across people with different genders and political and religious views. To address the limitations, in the present study, I tested the validity of the brief version of the test, that is, the behavioral DIT, in terms of the measurement invariance and differential item functioning (DIF). I could not find any significant non-invariance at the test level or any item demonstrating practically significant DIF at the item level. The findings indicate that neither the test nor any of its items showed a significant bias toward any particular group. As a result, the collected validity evidence supports the use of test scores across different groups, enabling researchers who intend to examine participants’ moral reasoning development across heterogeneous groups to draw conclusions based on the scores.
PubDate: 2023-03-03
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.6
- Identifying spatial and temporal suicide clusters in a Californian county
Authors: Waalen; Anders K., Telep, Seraphim, Bera, Rimal, Frontoni, Emanuele
First page: 7
Abstract: Barriers to suicide cluster detection and monitoring include requiring advanced software and statistical knowledge. We tested face validity of a simple method using readily accessible household software, Excel 3D Maps, to identify suicide clusters in this county, years 2014–2019. For spatial and temporal clusters, respectively, we defined meaningful thresholds of suicide density as 1.39/km2 and 33.9/yearly quarter, defined as the 95th percentile of normal logarithmic and normal scale distributions of suicide density per area in each ZIP Code Tabulated Area and 24 yearly quarters from all years. We generated heat maps showing suicide densities per 2.5 km viewing diameter. We generated a one-dimensional temporal map of 3-month meaningful cluster(s). We identified 21 total population spatial clusters and one temporal cluster. For greater accessibility, we propose an alternative method to traditional scan statistics using Excel 3D Maps potentially broadly advantageous in detecting, monitoring, and intervening at suicide clusters.
PubDate: 2023-02-09
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.2
- Uncertain veracity judgments: Does the framing of the question influence
deception detection'
Authors: Zloteanu; Mircea, Grassi, Massimo
First page: 8
Abstract: In deception research, little consideration is given to how the framing of the question might impact the decision-making process used to reach a veracity judgment. People use terms such as “sure” to describe their uncertainty about an event (i.e., aleatory) and terms such as “chance” to describe their uncertainty about the world (i.e., epistemic). Presently, the effect of such uncertainty framing on veracity judgments was considered. By manipulating the veracity question wording the effect of uncertainty framing on deception detection was measured. The data show no difference in veracity judgments between the two uncertainty framing conditions, suggesting that these may operate on a robust and invariant cognitive process.
PubDate: 2023-04-14
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.9
- Chinese oats in temperate Bhutan: Results of field experiments
Authors: Wangchuk; Khengtala, Wangchuk, Kesang, Nevels, Michael
First page: 9
Abstract: Seven varieties of forage oats from China were evaluated in the temperate environment of Bhutan for morphological traits, dry matter production, and forage quality. The oat variety Qingyin No. 1 provided a greater plant height (61 cm) and the largest number of tillers per plant (five tillers per plant). The leaf-stem ratio (LSR) was highest for Longyan No. 2 (LSR 0.73). During harvest in late winter, Longyan No. 2 had a greater plant height (64 cm) and the highest number of tillers per plant (seven tillers per plant), followed by Qingyin No. 1. The top three varieties with high LSRs of 1.49, 1.31, and 1.35 were Longyan No. 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In both summer and winter, Longyan No. 2 had the highest forage yields of around 5.00 and 4.00 DM t/ha, respectively. Qingyin No. 1 was the second largest forage producer, with under 5.00 DM t/ha in summer and under 3.00 DM t/ha in winter. For forage quality, Longyan No. 2 and Longyan No. 3 had the highest levels of crude protein (15%) in summer. However, during late winter, the Linna variety had the highest crude protein content (13%). The overall results of the field experiments suggest that Longyan No. 2 and Qingyin No. 1 are promising new oat varieties for winter fodder production in the temperate environments of Bhutan.
PubDate: 2023-03-03
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.7
- Experimental monitoring of nonlinear wave interactions in crab orchard
sandstone under uniaxial load
Authors: Malcolm; Alison E., Coates, Lauren, Moravej, Kamal, Melnikov, Andrey, Butt, Steve, Poduska, Kristin M., Camera, Stefano
First page: 10
Abstract: When two waves interact within a rock sample, the interaction strength depends strongly on the sample’s microstructural properties, including the orientation of the sample layering. The study that established this dependence on layering speculated that the differences were caused by cracks aligned with the layers in the sample. To test this, we applied a uniaxial load to similar samples of Crab Orchard Sandstone and measured the nonlinear interaction as a function of the applied load and layer orientation. We show that the dependence of the nonlinear signal changes on applied load is exponential, with a characteristic load of 11.4–12.5 MPa that is independent of sample orientation and probe wavetype (P or S); this value agrees with results from the literature, but does not support the cracks hypothesis.
PubDate: 2023-03-16
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2022.24
- Adverse childhood experiences and craving: Results from an Italian
population in outpatient addiction treatment
Authors: Russo; Claudio, Bonfiglio, Natale Salvatore, Orlando, Eva, Falcone, Giuseppe, Iuliano, Lucia, Grandinetti, Antonietta, Acconcia, Carmine, Napoletano, Adriana, Conte, Giada, Landi, Barbara, Truono, Giovanni, D’Alto, Marco, Penna, Maria Pietronilla, De Luna, Antonio
First page: 11
Abstract: BackgroundDespite the growing interest in addiction research, which demonstrates the potential predictive role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), little is known about their impact on the psychological symptoms of craving.MethodsAfter reviewing the relevant diagnostic criteria for addiction and comorbid mental disorders along with routinely collected clinical and service-use data, 208 outpatients were assessed on the study protocol. Following the recruitment phase, nominal and ordinal data were analyzed using nonparametric methods.ResultsMost of the outpatients reported ACEs (89.1%) and experienced cravings (73.4–95.7%). A positive association between ACEs and either intention and preplanning (r = .14, p
PubDate: 2023-05-12
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.12
- Pyrroloquinoline quinone influences intracellular alpha-synuclein
aggregates
Authors: Mountford; Elizabeth, Mathew, Cynthia, Ghildyal, Reena, Bugarcic, Andrea, Francisco, Vitor
First page: 12
Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder clinically manifesting in uncontrolled motor symptoms. There are two primary hallmark features of Parkinson’s disease—an irreversible loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and formation of intracellular insoluble aggregates called Lewy bodies mostly composed of alpha-synuclein. Using a clinical improvements-first approach, we identified several clinical trials involving consumption of a specific diet or nutritional supplementation that improved motor and nonmotor functions. Here, we aimed to investigate if and how pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) compound disrupts preformed alpha-synuclein deposits using SH-SY5Y cells, widely used Parkinson’s disease cellular model. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, incubated in presence of potassium chloride (KCl) to induce alpha-synuclein protein aggregation, were treated with PQQ for up to 48 hr. Resulting aggregates were examined and quantified using confocal microscopy. Overall, nutritional compound PQQ reduced the average number and overall size of intracellular cytoplasmic alpha-synuclein aggregates in a PD cellular model.
PubDate: 2023-05-11
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2023.10
- Relaxation of the parameter independence assumption in the bootComb R
package
Authors: Henrion; Marc Y. R., Doran, Charles
First page: 1
Abstract: BackgroundThe bootComb R package allows researchers to derive confidence intervals with correct target coverage for arbitrary combinations of arbitrary numbers of independently estimated parameters. Previous versions (
PubDate: 2022-09-13
DOI: 10.1017/exp.2022.13
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