Authors:Zongyang Lu; Jie Li, Yong Lu, Ling Li, Wei Wang, Chenchen Zhang, Libing Xu, Yanhong Nie, Changshan Gao, Xinyan Bian, Zhen Liu, Guang-Zhong Wang, Qiang Sun Abstract: Genomic imprinting can lead to allele-specific expression (ASE), where one allele is preferentially expressed more than the other. Perturbations in genomic imprinting or ASE genes have been widely observed across various neurological disorders, notably autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we crossed rhesus cynomolgus monkeys to produce hybrid monkeys and established a framework to evaluate their allele-specific gene expression patterns using the parental genomes as a reference. Our proof-of-concept analysis of the hybrid monkeys identified 353 genes with allele-biased expression in the brain, enabling us to determine the chromosomal locations of ASE clusters. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100436 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Hongwen Huang; Peter H. Raven, Lisong Wang, Jingping Liao, Qingqing Zhan Abstract: Preserving as many as possible of the plants that support us directly as food, medicine, and building materials and indirectly by maintaining the conditions that make our lives sustainable will be an increasing challenge in the immediate future, owing to our population growth and the climate change that we are driving. With estimates that as many as a third of all kinds of organisms may have become extinct by the end of the century, it is clear that we must save as many of them and as much of their genetic diversity as we possibly can. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100433 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Tianyi Xiong; Weiqi Li, Ping Yu, Lanqun Mao Abstract: Neuromorphic devices, devices with resistance switch dynamic emulating the behavior of neurons, are experiencing a surge in development due to the demand for artificial intelligence and therapeutic devices such as neuroprosthetics.1 Toward reproducing the behaviors of neurons with artificial devices, neuromorphic devices based on two-terminal memristors (devices with a single-valued relationship between charge Q and magnetic flux φ, i.e., dφ = MdQ) with various mechanisms (e.g., redox, phase change, magnetic tunnelling, and ferroelectricity) have been developed for various applications, like in-memory computing or intelligent sensing. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100435 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Luca Brocca; Wei Zhao, Hui Lu Abstract: There is an increasing demand from the hydrological community to improve the monitoring and modeling of hydrological processes using remote sensing technologies. However, this task has been severely limited by the coarse resolution of previous remote sensing observations. In recent years, along with the increased availability of high-resolution modeling in hydrology, the advent of high-resolution temporal dynamic satellite observations has been providing unprecedented new opportunities to address new applications and challenges in hydrology. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100437 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Yisi Hu; Shenli Yuan, Xin Du, Jiang Liu, Wenliang Zhou, Fuwen Wei Abstract: DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays a crucial role in various regulatory processes, including gene expression regulation, transposable element repression, and genomic imprinting. However, most studies on DNA methylation have been conducted in humans and other model species, whereas the dynamics of DNA methylation across mammals remain poorly explored, limiting our understanding of epigenomic evolution in mammals and the evolutionary impacts of conserved and lineage-specific DNA methylation. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100434 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Sidao Ni; Heping Sun, Paul Somerville, David A. Yuen, Chris Milliner, Hansheng Wang, Jiangchun Zhou, Yifei Cui Abstract: In the early morning of February 6th, 2023, an M7.8 earthquake occurred in southeastern Türkiye near the northern border of Syria. The event initiated a complex sequence of aftershocks, including an M7.6 earthquake about 9 h later and 90 km to the north (Figures 1A and 1B). The earthquake sequence is also referred to as a strong doublet earthquake sequence. Aftershocks of the two strong earthquakes occurred along two separate branches of the East Anatolia Fault, with lengths of up to 300 km, and some aftershocks occurred in Syria (NEIC/USGS, 2023). Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100431 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Liping Zou; Pengming Zhang, Alexander J. Silenko, Liang Lu Abstract: Twisted (vortex) particles with intrinsic orbital angular momenta (OAMs) even in free space are of significant importance in modern physics and have important applications. Twisted photons and electrons were discovered in 1992 and 2010, respectively. The maximum observed OAMs were about 10000ℏ for photons and 1000ℏ for electrons. Recently, twisted neutrons, atoms, and molecules were also discovered. In a magnetic field, charged particles move in a helical trajectory (on a circle in the transverse plane). Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100432 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Ji Dai Abstract: On behalf of my colleagues who conducted the study titled "Primate preoptic neurons drive hypothermia and cold defense," which was recently published in The Innovation,1 I would like to offer a response to Cerri et al.'s commentary on our study in a correspondence.2 Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100430 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Matteo Cerri; Jürgen Bereiter-Hahn, Gerhard Heldmaier, Alexander Choukér, Leopold Summerer Abstract: On behalf of the Topical Team Hibernation of the European Space Agency, we would like to provide some comments on the recently published article "Primate preoptic neurons drive hypothermia and cold defense" by Zhang and colleagues.1 Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100429 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Xi Zhang Abstract: Our galaxy is believed to have more than a hundred billion planets, with over 5,000 of them discovered so far. Of these, only around 50 have unveiled their composition beyond the most prevalent hydrogen and helium. Why is it so difficult' Unlike the exploration of planets within our Solar System where we can send probes to gather samples, studying exoplanets is more akin to wine tasting—we must rely on our sense of smell. Remote sensing is currently the only approach available for characterizing exoplanets. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100428 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Tiantian Li; Can Zhang, Jie Ban, Peng Du, Runmei Ma, Patrick L. Kinney Abstract: Climate change is one of the biggest threats facing humanity. The global community has stated the objective of limiting the increase in the global average temperature to 1.5°C to prevent potentially catastrophic effects and health threats. A key strategy to reach the mitigation objective is to achieve carbon neutrality, also termed net zero, by cutting down emissions of greenhouse gases to as nearly zero level as possible by the mid-century, mainly through the implementation of clean energy policies or the increase in carbon sinks. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100427 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Zhaojun Wang; Tianyu Zhao, Yanan Cai, Jingxiang Zhang, Huiwen Hao, Yansheng Liang, Shaowei Wang, Yujie Sun, Tongsheng Chen, Piero R. Bianco, Kwangsung Oh, Ming Lei Abstract: Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) is finding increasing application in biomedical research due to its superior ability to visualize subcellular dynamics in living cells. However, during image reconstruction artifacts can be introduced and when coupled with time-consuming postprocessing procedures, limits this technique from becoming a routine imaging tool for biologists. To address these issues, an accelerated, artifact-reduced reconstruction algorithm termed joint space frequency reconstruction-based artifact reduction algorithm (JSFR-AR-SIM) was developed by integrating a high-speed reconstruction framework with a high-fidelity optimization approach designed to suppress the sidelobe artifact. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100425 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Jiaoyue Wang; Jingying Fu, Zhitong Zhao, Longfei Bing, Fengming Xi, Feng Wang, Jiang Dong, Shiyun Wang, Gang Lin, Yan Yin, Qinqin Hu Abstract: To reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, biomass has been increasingly developed as a renewable and clean alternative to fossil fuels because of its carbon-neutral characteristics. China has been investigating the rational development and use of bioenergy for developing its clean energy and achieving carbon neutrality. Substituting fossil fuels with multi-source and multi-approach utilized bioenergy and corresponding carbon reduction in China remain largely unexplored. Here, a comprehensive bioenergy accounting model with a multi-dimensional analysis was developed by combining spatial, life cycle, and multi-path analyses. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100423 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Chunrong Mi; Kai Song, Liang Ma, Jiliang Xu, Baojun Sun, Yuehua Sun, Jianguo Liu, Weiguo Du Abstract: To meet the challenge of biodiversity loss and reach the targets of the proposed Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, the Chinese government updated the list of national key protected wildlife in 2021 and has been continually expanding the protected areas (PAs). However, the status of protected wildlife in PAs remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a national assessment of the status of protected wildlife and suggested an optimization plan to overcome these shortcomings. From 1988 to 2021, the number of protected species almost doubled, and the area of PAs increased by 2.4 times, covering over 92.8% of the protected species. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100424 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Wenchao Lu Abstract: Targeted protein degradation (TPD) has emerged as a new drug discovery approach to wipe out disease-causing proteins by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). A major class of molecules in the field are called proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), which are heterobifunctional molecules encompassing two ligands that bind to a protein of interest and the E3 ligase, respectively joint by a linker.1 Due to its catalytic mechanism that enables event-driven pharmacology, PROTACs technology can induce an efficient degradation and therefore achieve the pharmacology at a lower dose compared with traditional small molecule inhibitors that exert their inhibition through an occupancy-driven mechanism. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100422 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Danqing Huang; Jinglin Wang, Chuanhui Song, Yuanjin Zhao Abstract: Ultrasound (US) is a biofavorable mechanical wave that has shown practical significance in biomedical fields. Due to the cavitation effect, sonoluminescence, sonoporation, pyrolysis, and other biophysical and chemical effects, a wide range of matters have been elucidated to be responsive to the stimulus of US. This review addresses and discusses current developments in US-responsive matters, including US-breakable intermolecular conjugations, US-catalytic sonosensitizers, fluorocarbon compounds, microbubbles, and US-propelled micro- and nanorobots. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100421 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Lei Luo; Jie Liu, Francesca Cigna, Damian Evans, Mario Hernandez, Deodato Tapete, Peter Shadie, Athos Agapiou, Abdelaziz Elfadaly, Min Chen, Lanwei Zhu, Bihong Fu, Ruixia Yang, Shahina Tariq, Mohamed Ouessar, Rosa Lasaponara, Xinyuan Wang, Huadong Guo Abstract: The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (WHC), adopted by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on November 16, 1972, aims to ensure the identification, protection, conservation, presentation, and transmission to future generations of the world’s cultural and natural heritage. The WHC works toward these goals by emphasizing the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of heritage sites and the unique contribution such places can make to conservation and human development agendas. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100420 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Bo Yu; Fang Chen, Ning Wang, Lei Wang, Huadong Guo Abstract: On February 6, 2023, a powerful earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 MW struck southeastern Turkey and northwestern Syria. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Gaziantep, Turkey. The earthquake was followed by a devastating aftershock 9 h later, which registered a magnitude of 7.5 MW and which had an epicenter located 100 km farther north in Kahramanmaras, Turkey. Thousands of subsequent tremors and aftershocks since the initial earthquake have further exacerbated the impacts on lives and infrastructure, resulting in more than 50,000 deaths and damage to hundreds of thousands of buildings in the region. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100419 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Ziwei Cai; Shuang Fan, Xiaoyi Sun, Xiaodong Mo, Gen Yang Abstract: Relapse is the most important cause of treatment failure in acute leukemia (AL). Thus, how to predict relapse is critical for improving the survival of patients with AL. Measurable residual diseases (MRDs; previously termed minimal residual diseases), referring to the presence of remaining leukemia cells after the declaration of complete remission (CR) detected by morphological analysis, is the most important biomarker for relapse prediction.1 Several methods, including multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), digital PCR (dPCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS), are used to monitor MRD after treatment, reaching a sensitivity of 10−4 to 10−6. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100408 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Ganlin Zhang; Fei Yang, Hao Long Abstract: The Kobresia pastures on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) are a key feature of the world’s largest alpine ecosystem. They occupy approximately 450,000 km2, nearly 1/5 of the area of the QTP, and dominate the headwaters of most of Asia’s great rivers (Figure 1).1 Kobresia plants are typically only a few centimeters tall and form a fairly firm turf blanketing all relief positions wherever the environment allows. The Kobresia roots are interwoven with the surface soil. This characteristic layer is called a “mattic epipedon—a mat-like surface soil layer,” according to Chinese soil taxonomy. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100418 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Feng Chen; Ge Xue, Yeke Wang, Hucai Zhang, Peter D. Clift, Yaowu Xing, Jun He, James S. Albert, Jun Chen, Ping Xie Abstract: Documenting the origins of megadiverse (sub)tropical aquatic ecosystems is an important goal for studies of evolution and ecology. Nonetheless, the geological and ecological establishment of the modern Yangtze River remains poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct the geographic and ecological history of an endemic clade of East Asian fishes based on the mitochondrial phylogenomics analysis of Cyprinidae using 15 fossil calibrations. We estimate an ancestral condition of benthic spawning with demersal or adhesive eggs in southern East Asia before ∼23 Ma and a derived condition of riverine spawning with semibuoyant eggs in the Yangtze by ∼18 Ma. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100417 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Jin Li; Xinxin Chen, Aiping Lu, Chao Liang Abstract: Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is emerging as a strategy to overcome the limitations of traditional small-molecule inhibitors. Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology can be used to target proteins by hijacking the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Conceptually, PROTAC aims to target the “undruggable” majority of proteins in the human proteome. Through constant exploration and optimization of PROTACs and the exploitation of other TPD strategies over two decades, TPD has expanded from theoretical studies to clinical strategies, with practical applications in oncological, immunological, and other diseases. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100413 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
Authors:Yu-Qing Liu; Zheng Xiong, Yong-Lai Zhang, Hua Liu Abstract: As one of the crucial technologies of additive manufacturing (AM), projection technology, which features fast printing speed, high molding accuracy, and low cost, exhibits great potential in cutting-edge applications. The basic principle of projection-enabled AM (PAM) is the stacking of layer-wise structures, in which the dynamic mask pattern is projected onto the surface of the liquid photosensitive resin, triggering polymerization in a specific area to accomplish single-layer printing. This facilitates the layer-wise manufacture of complex three-dimensional (3D) structures. Citation: The Innovation 4, 3 (2023) PubDate: 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100395 Issue No:Vol. 4, No. 3 (2023)
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