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- An Assessment of Community Perception on Quality Patient Nursing Care
Theory in Selected Barangays in the Philippines
Authors: Vicente T. Baylon III
Pages: 1 - 12
Abstract: This study assesses the perception of the selected community barangays in the Philippines. This task entailed identifying the “Perception” of the community in terms of factors to consider if patients will submit to hospitalization, determinants of quality patient health care, factors that boost patients' recovery, expected government programs, and self-image problems due to their diagnosis. Aims: The study aimed to assess the perception of the community on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory with the view to developing essential further recommendations for the community, staff nurses, doctors, hospital administrators, and National Government Department of Health officials. Scope and Limitation of the Study: The study focused on the perception of the community before they will visit the hospital for check-ups, follow-up of care, or for confinement. The study was conducted last March 2024 into two selected barangay areas in the Philippines: Barangay 187 in Tala Caloocan City and Barangay Sta. Rita in Bacnotan La Union Province. Barangay 187 was chosen because of its proximity to Dr. Jose Rodriguez Memorial Hospital and Barangay Sta. Rita was chosen because of its remoteness from the Provincial hospital. Research Design: The study employed a Quantitative Descriptive nonparametric method design of the study. The research was conducted in selected barangays in Caloocan City and La Union. Simple random sampling - random draws was used and a total of 100 respondents were selected from two selected areas in Caloocan City and in La Union Province. Results: The mean for the parameter on Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory perceived as “Important” was 100 percent for Barangay 187 and 100 percent for Barangay Sta. Rita. Barangay 187 in Caloocan City and Barangay Sta. Rita in La Union both shared their perception that Quality Patient Nursing Care Theory is important with percentage of 100. Therefore both Barangays had the same perception of this new emerging theory of QUALITY PATIENT NURSING CARE states that “The factors to be considered if patients will submit to hospitalization or not, is determined by the quality patient health care and factors that boost patients’ recovery with the help of expected government programs to eliminate self-image problems due to their diagnosis” is important. Conclusion: The study concludes that both Barangays had the same perception on this new emerging theory of QUALITY PATIENT NURSING CARE states that “The factors to be considered if patients will submit to hospitalization or not, is determined by the quality patient health care and factors that boost patients’ recovery with the help of expected government programs in order to eliminate self-image problems due to their diagnosis” is important. Every variable of this theory was uttered by the patients in qualitative study, and it was properly assessed by the community through a quantitative study that the researcher may conclude that this theory has a strong foundation that spearheaded through its themes and fountain-headed by its categories which is supported by patients’ utterances.
PubDate: 2024-07-04
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8705
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Crystalline Copper Nanomaterials for Advanced Ceramic: A Comprehensive
Review for Functional Ceramic Coating Approaches
Authors: Md. Khalid Hossain Shishir, Sabrina Afrin, Md. Mazedul Haque Sachchu, Tanjina Nasrin Eva, Sumaya Tabassum, Shanawaz Ahmed, Sumaiya Islam Sadia, Md. Ashraful Alam
Pages: 13 - 34
Abstract: Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are appealing candidates for advanced ceramic applications because of their remarkable physical, chemical, mechanical and antibacterial capabilities which have attracted much interest. This review provides an extensive analysis of the current state-of-the-art synthesis, characterization and utilization of crystalline Cu NPs for functional ceramic coatings. Emphasis is placed on the unique attributes of copper nanostructures, including their high ratio of surface to volume, tunable optical and electronic properties and remarkable thermal and electrical conductivity. The review delves into various synthetic strategies such as chemical reduction, thermal decomposition and biological synthesis in achieving proper control over shape, size and crystallinity. Furthermore, the integration of copper nanomaterials into ceramic matrices is critically examined, unveiling their role in enhancing mechanical strength, thermal stability and antimicrobial activity. Particular attention is given to developing multifunctional ceramic coatings tailored for applications in energy storage, catalysis, sensing and biomedical fields. The review also discusses challenges and future perspectives, including the scalability of production processes, environmental considerations and the development of hybrid nanocomposites for next-generation advanced ceramic materials. 
PubDate: 2024-07-04
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8706
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Assessment of Chinese Nursing Students Perception in Cardiopulmonary
Preparedness: An Observation Descriptive Study
Authors: Ma Ping (Em Ma), Vicente T. Baylon III, Wang Yukang, Zhang Hansong
Pages: 35 - 44
Abstract: The aim of the study was to assesses the preparedness of Chinese Nursing students in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from selected sections of Weifang University of Science and Technology. This assessment entails the identification of the preparedness of Weifang University of Science and Technology nursing students to perform Basic life Support in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation when needed in the university, community, and hospital setting. Aim: The primary aim of this research was to assess the perception of Chinese nursing students on basic life support. The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the level of Chinese Nursing students when it comes to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation preparedness in order to determine their capability during emergency situations. This study was focused on 309 Chinese Nursing students from various levels of education at Weifang University of Science and Technology, a provincial public undergraduate and tertiary vocational college in Weifang, Shandong, China. Scope and Limitation of the Study: This study focused on the preparedness of Chinese nursing students to perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The study was conducted at Weifang University of Science and Technology focusing on 309 Chinese Nursing students from different levels of education such as Associate Degree, Bachelor's, Master's Degree, and PhD degrees. Research Design: The researchers used descriptive nonparametric and Qualtrics online survey tools to assess the perception of the respondents on critical steps on basic life support critical steps and whether it is important or not important. Online perceived “Performance Evaluation Tool” was used to assess respondents’ perceived performance on Critical Steps of Basic Life Support in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Results: Mainstream of the Chinese nursing students perceived can perform the critical steps of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with a mean score of 97.31 percent while the ones who cannot perform is 2.69 percent. Conclusion: Chinese nursing students' preparedness is essential in emergent Basic Life Support - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The mean score for parameters on critical step perceived can perform with a score of 97.31 percent. This high percentage of perceived performance can help the chance of survival and this perception can strengthen the Chinese students to do their task in emergency situations.
PubDate: 2024-07-08
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8707
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Contribution of Goods and Services Tax (GST) Revenue: India’s March
towards $5 Trillion Economy
Authors: Avinash C. Dhotre, Kishor N. Chinchodkar, Abhijeet D. Ghodake, Bhausaheb N. Shinde
Pages: 45 - 53
Abstract: This research emphasis on GST’s revenue contributes to India’s march towards $ 5 trillion economy. GST is an indirect tax in nature and levied on goods and services except alcoholic liquors and petroleum products. The dream of $ 5 trillion economy is too difficult for India. While perceiving such dream, GST would contribute to achieve it. In this study we focused on monthly collection of GST revenue, GST revenue Y-o-Y, GDP growth Y-o-Y, payment of GST in last six years, and the contribution to GST revenue from different business constitution. The GST slab rate of 18% and 28% are charged on luxuries goods and services will help to generate high revenue. After analysis, we found that the revenue of GST is increasing every year. The revenue was Rs. 1.46 Trillion in the month November of F. Y. 2022-23 and highly increased to Rs. 1.68 Trillion in the month November of F.Y. 2023-24. It shows 15% growth from November 2022-23 to November 2024. The share of GST revenue is huge in the development of economy.
PubDate: 2024-07-09
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8708
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Evaluation of the Nutrients, Anti-nutrients and Anti-oxidant Activities of
Leafy Vegetable Powders Fortified "Danwake" (A Northern Nigerian Cassava-
Cowpea Dumpling)
Authors: Masaya Ajiya Fatima, Agbara Gervase Ikechukwu, Afodia Kassum Litini, Kyari Bawagana, Alkali Mohammed Yakaka
Pages: 54 - 67
Abstract: Danwake is cassava-cowpea flour with baobab leaf powder-based dumpling a common meal for the lower-income people of Northern Nigeria. In this study, attempts were made to compare danwake produced 10 g eight hitherto leafy powders or their combination (5 g+5 g) with traditional baobab powder were used to fortify randomized cassava-cowpea (70:30) in a completely linear and interactive experimental design. Standard procedures were used to evaluate the proximate, mineral, phytonutrient, vitamin Aand C and the antioxidant activity of the cooked danwake using a total of 15 raw formulations (8 linear and 7 interactive runs). Moisture, crude protein, total ash, crude fat, crude fiber and carbohydrate contents varied significantly in both the linear and interactive outcomes as follows (29-49.80%; 21.91-68.52%; 3.33-6.17%; 6.480-11.74%; 2.177-4.633, 2.467-4.467%; 0.420-0.657%,0.350-0.500%; 1.850-5.210%; 3.43-6.76% and 34.24-58.43%, 9.307-64.11%). Potassium was the dominant element of all greater in the linear outcome (1716-1258 mg/100 g) than in the interactive outcome (1400.69-101 mg/100 g) because of the addition of potash, iron, zinc, copper and manganese level were low in both outcomes. Phytate and oxalate content were higher in the interactive outcome than the linear 209.1-230.0 mg/100g, 206.2-273.01 mg/100 g and 0.040-0.545%, 0.014-0.240% respectively. While total flavonoids and phenolic compounds were observed to be greater in the linear outcome respectively (145.7-200.04 mg/QE/100 g and 326.0-836.8 mgGAE/100 g). Combined leafy powders produced danwake with greater vitamin C (6.455-8.331 mg/100 g) and vitamin A (0.027-0.490 µg/100 g) but comparable radical scavenging activity (81.10-116.99%). In general vegetable powders from mint, celery, parsley, moringa among others produced danwake with greater nutritional values and antioxidant activity and are recommended for use in danwake preparation.
PubDate: 2024-07-10
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8709
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- The State of Extension Services Provisions in Urban Areas of Tanzania: A
Case of Vegetable Growers in Morogoro Municipality
Authors: Yasin; Yasin, Haule, S.C., Mvena, Z. S. K.
Pages: 68 - 82
Abstract: In urban areas of Tanzania, the extension service framework is deficient, marked by a decreasingly small number of public extension personnel when compared with rural areas; hence, many farmers still face challenges in accessing and utilizing them effectively. Consequently, farmers lack appropriate knowledge and skills in vegetable production. This study therefore examined the implication of extension services to urban vegetable production. A mixed-method research design was used to collect data from 60 respondents. Questionnaires and interviews were used in the data collection process. Descriptive analysis was used in analyzing quantitative data, while content analysis was used for qualitative data. The finding show that the mean score of respondent’s perceptions implied that there is inadequate provision of technical knowledge (3.28), limited extension services increase the difficulties in overcoming vegetable production challenges (4.38), public extension services is diluted by private extension services (2.30), low demonstration of modern crop production principles (2.20) and public extension services contribution is not appreciated (4.60). The study further found that 46.7% and 66.7% of the respondents were never visited by extension officers per month and had no access to public extension services during their vegetable production cycle, respectively. It also, found that there is a statistically significant relationship between access to extension services from extension agents and knowledge level in vegetable production with P-value= 0.000. The multiple linear regression model shows a statistically significant relationship between various socio-economic characteristics (household size (P = 0.014), marital status (P = 0.042), and age (P = 0.044)) and vegetable production. It is recommended that Morogoro Municipal Council reconsider increasing the number of public extension staffs in all wards in the urban area.
PubDate: 2024-07-17
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8710
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- The Influence of Digital Finance on the Marketing Management of Commercial
Banks under the Support of Mobile Social Network
Authors: Can Huang, Jun Yao, Wencun Wang, Di Zhao
Pages: 83 - 91
Abstract: The business model, application technology, and service scene of digital financial marketing business management of commercial banks should be transformed into digital form, and a digital and mobile digital financial marketing product service model should be formed to improve the marketing management effect. This should be done against the backdrop of digital finance and mobile social networks. This paper first discusses the fundamentals of commercial bank marketing management and the digital financial model of mobile social networks to examine the impact of digital and mobile marketing management on commercial banks. Second, it is suggested that mobile social networks and digital finance work together to better serve the needs of commercial banks' marketing services and operations. To that end, a mechanism model of digital finance for commercial banks' marketing management is implemented with the aid of mobile social networks. Finally, this paper examines the frequency with which commercial banks sell their service platforms to clients through the mobile social networks and the activities of digital finance in this area. According to the findings, commercial banks' mobile digital financial marketing has a low service rate but a significant number of active users. Mobile social networks and digital financial marketing tools that push financial products in accordance with consumer preferences can increase the effectiveness of marketing management.
PubDate: 2024-07-20
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8711
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- An Analysis of Mass Media Responsibility towards the Promotion of
Menstrual Hygiene Practices among Adolescent Girls in Rural Communities of
Bwari Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Kenneth Asor Tsebee, Kusugh Ternenge
Pages: 92 - 110
Abstract: Background: Menstrual hygiene is a critical health issue affecting over 1.8 billion of the girls who menstruate each month across globe and at least 37 million of them in Nigeria are confronted with different challenges that affect their effective menstrual hygiene management. Objective: This study investigated mass media responsibility towards the promotion of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in rural communities of Bwari Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria. Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey research design with the questionnaire used as the research instrument for data collection. The population of the study comprised the adolescent girls of rural communities of Bwari Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria which were estimated to be 291, 071. The sample size of the study was 384. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics. Findings: Radio followed by the television were the mass media channels adolescent girls were more exposed to for information on menstrual hygiene practices as compared with the magazine and newspaper that were the least channels for the purpose. It further revealed that mass media have high level of positive influence on the menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls in rural communities but there was low level of adoption of such practices among the girls. Conclusion: The conclusion was the mass media have high level of positive influence on the menstrual hygiene attitude of the adolescent girls but the level of involvement that guarantees desired success in the knowledge of and or adoption of sanitary menstrual hygiene practices among the adolescent girls is rather insufficient. Recommendations: Prioritizing radio and television and increase in time, space and frequency in programmes on menstrual hygiene practices are some of the recommendations made in the study for achieving more success in menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls and women.
PubDate: 2024-07-22
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8712
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- IoT-based Facial Recognition Door Lock with Push Button Combination
Authors: Syarifuddin, Husain Syam, Faisal Syafar
Pages: 111 - 129
Abstract: A common issue in many households is the management of door keys, which can often be lost, damaged, or forgotten. This problem can be particularly frustrating when family members arrive home to find they cannot enter their residence. One potential solution to this problem is the implementation of a facial recognition system, which can be used by multiple family members to gain access to their home. The proposed system utilizes an intelligent minicomputer with a dual function, serving as both a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and a monitor screen display connected via an HDMI to VGA adapter. Additionally, the system incorporates a RealVNC Viewer (Virtual Network Computer) as a remote desktop application, accessible via a laptop or Android device. The primary aim of this research is to develop a facial recognition system that can unlock a house door by detecting and matching the user's face with stored data. The minicomputer, acting as a microcontroller, captures the user's face through a camera and compares it with the photo database. If a match is found, the system grants access and displays information on the Android device, indicating whether the user is known or unknown. This study employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach to enhance the effectiveness and security of home control systems using an internet network and Android devices. The system successfully detects facial objects within the camera's range, with the detection point area turning left, right, or focusing towards the front of the rectangular frame. The buzzer indicator sounds when the door lock is open. The system has been tested with multiple users, with local detection distance and over a well-validated network.
PubDate: 2024-07-26
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8713
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Optimization of Financial Services Transaction Management Based on
Blockchain Empowerment and Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: Wencun Wang, Di Zhao, Can Huang, Jun Yao
Pages: 130 - 140
Abstract: This study aims to enhance the efficiency of service transaction management in the contemporary financial industry. The approach involves three main steps. First, a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network is established, and smart contracts are deployed to ensure the tamper-proof nature and transparency of transaction data. Second, a hierarchical clustering algorithm (HCA) is applied to thoroughly analyze the transaction data, uncovering potential patterns and structures. Finally, a performance evaluation experiment of the model is conducted, wherein a variety of financial transaction data are collected, comprehensively processed, and analyzed. The research findings demonstrate that integrating blockchain technology with the hierarchical clustering method significantly boosts transaction management efficiency and data security. Specifically, this integrated approach improves transaction processing speed by more than 30% compared to traditional methods and shows marked efficiency improvements across various transaction volumes. Blockchain technology ensures data integrity, preventing tampering, while the detection rate of abnormal transactions increases to 99%, greatly enhancing system security. These results underscore the practical application value of the fusion method in financial service transaction management. This study not only promotes further development and innovation in financial service transaction management but also provides more efficient and secure solutions for the fintech sector.
PubDate: 2024-07-26
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8714
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Design and Development of a Double-layer Grain Sieving Machine
Authors: I. T. Adejugbe, J. A. Olowonubi, T. I. Olorunsola, S. A. Fatounde, J. O. Aigbovbiosa, O. A. Oyegunwa, O. Komolafe
Pages: 141 - 147
Abstract: Sieving grains is a fundamental process in the agricultural and food industries and is crucial for enhancing cereal products' quality and safety. However, manual grain sieving results in drudgery, fatigue, and time wastage during the processing. The importance of sieving grains spans several dimensions, including improving grain purity by removing foreign materials and impurities such as stones, dust, and chaff. This process also ensures uniformity in grain size, which is vital for consistent cooking and processing characteristics, thereby enhancing product quality and consumer satisfaction. Additionally, sieving plays a significant role in preventing contamination and ensuring food safety, as it helps in the detection and removal of potential contaminants such as mold, insects, and broken grains. Considering these conditions, there is a need to develop a sieving machine to enhance productivity and reduce drudgery. This paper presents the design of an efficient grain sieving machine that was developed with locally sourced materials for ease of maintenance amongst other design considerations. The machine parts include a machine frame, wire mesh, and a vibrator. Several fabrication techniques such as welding, machining, etc. are adopted for the fabrication of the machine. Dry sorghum sample was tested with the machine for operational effectiveness and the result shows that the machine has a sieving capacity of 370kg/hr and sieving efficiency ranging from 85 - 95%. The fabricated double-layered grain sieving machine performed well with high sieving efficiency, reliability, and durability with an estimated cost of 400$.
PubDate: 2024-07-26
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8715
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Comparative Study on the Properties of Different Fiber-modified Asphalts
Authors: Jiusheng Zhang, Xinyu Dong
Pages: 148 - 154
Abstract: As a major cotton planting country, China has abundant green cotton straw resources. If these resources can be skillfully applied to the construction of asphalt pavement, it can not only significantly improve the performance of asphalt and reduce the life cycle cost, but also effectively solve the environmental pollution caused by straw burning and accumulation. The problem of high-value utilization of crop straw contributes to the construction of a sustainable transportation system. Therefore, the main research contents and conclusions are as follows: Fiber blending in asphalt can effectively improve asphalt performance, improve asphalt pavement life. Cotton straw fiber, basalt fiber and polyester fiber fiber were made into different kinds of modified asphalt, its softening point, penetration, ductility of a series of experimental research, compared with different kinds of 3% fiber dosage on the asphalt modification effect. The study proved that cotton straw fiber, basalt fiber and polyester fiber fiber are to a certain extent to enhance the performance of asphalt, the integrated degree of penetration, softening point, ductility data can be seen, cotton straw fiber straw fiber modified asphalt has a more excellent overall performance.
PubDate: 2024-07-29
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8716
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Risk Reduction Functions at Oil and Gas Facilities in the Niger-Delta
Region, Nigeria
Authors: Daniel Udo Abia, Ify L. Nwaogazie, Patrick Chinemerem
Pages: 155 - 162
Abstract: This paper presents an investigation into the state of risk reduction functions, specifically focusing on safety barriers, within the oil and gas facilities in Niger-Delta region, Nigeria. With the industry's inherent hazards, including extraction, processing, and transportation risks, the investigation assessed the implementation of technical, operational, and organizational barriers. The methodology used involves a cross-sectional research design utilizing surveys and questionnaires validated by industry professionals. Reliability of collected data were evaluated by the test-retest method, yielding a Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.88, using XLSTAT version 16. Descriptive analysis and criterion mean aid in data interpretation. Findings highlight the diverse landscape of technical strategies, with crucial components like blow-out preventers and fire detection systems showing varying maintenance schedules across facilities. Operational and organizational barriers, such as personnel competency and policy presence, exhibit recognition but inconsistency in review intervals. Aligning with existing literature, discrepancies in maintenance practices underscore the need for standardized approaches. Regular and systematic maintenance of safety barriers emerges as pivotal in preventing catastrophic events. The study advocates for uniformity in practices, emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts among stakeholders to foster a culture of safety and adherence to industry standards. This research provides insights into the current state of safety barriers, offering recommendations for standardization, regular training programs, and collaborative initiatives to enhance safety measures within the dynamic oil and gas landscape in the Niger-Delta region. It serves as a foundational study for further research aimed at fostering a safer operational environment and mitigating risks in the industry.
PubDate: 2024-07-31
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8717
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- The Evolution of Buddhism in India and Tibet: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Sonam Yangden Pradhan, Lallianchhunga
Pages: 163 - 168
Abstract: Buddhism as one of the world's major religions originated in India and later spread to Tibet. It evolved distinctively in each region. The interplay between Indian and Tibetan Buddhism is a fascinating study of cultural and religious exchange. This article explores the history of Buddhism in India, the historical and spiritual development of Tibet, the spread of Buddhism from India to Tibet, and its reintroduction to India, focusing on the religious, cultural and socio-political dynamics. The study employs a comparative historical analysis methodology, utilising both primary and secondary sources, including historical texts, religious scriptures and scholarly articles. This approach enables a detailed examination of the evolution and exchange of Buddhist practices and beliefs between India and Tibet. By systematically comparing these sources, the study aims to elucidate the historical and cultural interactions that have shaped the development of Buddhism in both regions. Overall, this manuscript not only advances historical scholarship but also fosters a deeper appreciation of the rich, interconnected history of Buddhism and its enduring impact on global religious and cultural landscapes.
PubDate: 2024-08-05
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8718
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Clothing and Accessories as a form of Artistic Expression
Authors: James Tetteh Ademtsu, Richard Acquah-Goulbourne, Aidam Kokui Yayra
Pages: 169 - 175
Abstract: This study explores how clothing and accessories serve as forms of artistic expression in Ghana, investigating their role in self-expression, cultural identity, and social communication. Using a mixed-methods approach, including surveys (N=500) and in-depth interviews (N=20) with Ghanaian adults aged 18-60, the research reveals that 88% of participants consider clothing a form of art. Key findings include gender differences in the importance attributed to clothing for self-expression, age-related variations in the use of traditional textiles, and the complex interplay between global clothing trends and local cultural practices. Thematic analysis of interviews identified the use of traditional Ghanaian textiles and symbols in contemporary clothing, the influence of globalization, and the role of clothing in asserting personal and cultural identity. This research contributes to the literature on clothing as artistic expression, emphasizing its cultural specificity in the Ghanaian context.
PubDate: 2024-08-07
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8719
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Climatic Change Adaptation Strategies and Its Effectiveness in Relation to
Buildings of Ayetoro Community, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwatunmise Esther Iwayemi, Samuel Adedeji Daramola, Abraham Adeniyi Taiwo, Gabriel Olaoye
Pages: 176 - 190
Abstract: Background: Climate change is a global phenomenon that has already begun to alter ecosystems and disrupt traditional patterns of weather and oceanic conditions. Adaptation strategies to climate change impacts that cannot be avoided particularly in the aspect of buildings, is absolutely an important aspect of global response. Study Purpose: The study examined the climatic change adaptation strategies adopted by the residents of Ayetoro community and its effectiveness. Methodology: The data was gathered using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire, sectioned into three different parts. The 27 instruments of the questionnaire had 0.878 Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. A total of 379 respondents were sampled based on Krejcie and Morgan [1] sample size calculation. The collected were presented by means of frequencies & percentage on tables and graph. Analysis to achieve objective was conducted using descriptive statistical tools (Mean, Median and Standard Deviation). Median represents cut-off point and serves as the baseline for decision. Results: The study found that all climate change adaptation strategy falls within the interval level of Strongly Agree level, except relocating permanently which falls within the neither agree nor disagree and Remain in the house, which falls within the Disagree interval level. Climate change adaptation strategies such as relocating temporarily, remaining in the house, erecting a barrier/fortifying the house, digging trenches around the house, placing valuable goods on higher level and raising ground floor level were found effective climate change adaptation strategies (Mean scores are equal or greater than median which is the cut-off point). Meanwhile, climate change adaptation strategies such as permanent relocation, construction of new drains and clearing of drainage were found not effective strategies (Mean score are less than median which is the cut-off point). Long-Term Sustainability: A more detailed exploration of the long-term sustainability of these adaptation strategies reveals that while many are effective in the short term, their viability must be assessed in the context of evolving climate conditions and socio-economic factors. For instance, strategies like erecting barriers and fortifying houses may provide immediate protection, but their effectiveness could diminish over time due to the increasing severity of climate events. Moreover, community engagement in the planning and implementation of these strategies is essential to ensure they are culturally acceptable and economically feasible. The sustainability of temporary relocation relies on the availability of resources and support for displaced individuals, while strategies involving modifications to existing structures must consider ongoing maintenance and adaptability to future climate scenarios. By identifying effective adaptation strategies, the research provides a framework that can be utilized to guide future interventions aimed at enhancing community resilience to climate change.
PubDate: 2024-08-07
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8720
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Public Perception of Radio Programmes on Parental Sexual Abuse on
Children: A Study of Residents of Owerri Metropolis
Authors: Nkwam-Uwaoma Adeline, Evaristus Jideofor Ugboma, Nkwocha Martin Chike, Eze Immaculate A., Etumnu Emeka Williams
Pages: 191 - 202
Abstract: Recently, media reports of parental sexual abuse have been alarming. Hence, this study examined the public perception of radio programmes on parental sexual abuse of children in Imo State metropolis. The study was anchored on agenda-setting theory. The study adopted the survey research design. From the population of 983,000 residents in Owerri metropolis, 400 were derived using the Taro Yamani formula. The multistage sampling technique was used. A questionnaire was used as the instrument of data collection. The percentage and mean analysis methods were used for the analysis. The findings revealed that an average of 41.4% of the respondents have the perception that radio programmes on parental sexual abuse are not properly packaged, that programmes on parental sexual abuse are not aired at the right time so as to get many listeners, and that radio programmes on parental sexual abuse do not influence parents positively. Further findings revealed that, at a mean of 2.4, it was confirmed that radio programmes on parental sexual abuse were not effective in influencing the behaviour of Owerri metropolis residents on issues of parental sexual abuse. The results suggest that producers of programmes that focus on child abuse should enrich their content and schedule the programme at the appropriate time to attract a good number of listeners in order to influence them positively. Efforts should be made by radio stations and programme producers to make their programmes effective in curtailing the issue of child abuse in Imo State and, by extension, Nigeria.
PubDate: 2024-08-07
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8721
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Study Based Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) Agriculture: A Review
Authors: Idris A. Adamu
Pages: 203 - 210
Abstract: The world is dynamic in nature as Agriculture remains the backbone of human existence. Human being surely depends on agriculture for existence and the way agriculture is carried out keep on changing from traditional to modern method. Presently, machines are being used to carry out almost all agricultural activities. The most recently introduced method in agriculture and other related fields is the used of Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is recently introduced in the field of agriculture because of its wide use and importance related to our daily life. The problems faced by farmers are enormous which include, low output, soil treatment, diseases and pest management couple with big data requirements, and many others. AI is applied in agriculture in four (4) dimension ways, in crop management, weed management, disease management and soil management. This application helps to manage the cost effectiveness, accuracy and high performance in a more efficient and better ways. The paper makes a review on the application of AI in the field of agriculture for more productivity in the present teeming population. The benefits, dangers and solutions to Artificial Intelligence created problems were suggested. Automated farm machinery like driverless tractors, smart irrigation, fertilization systems, IoT-powered agricultural drones, smart spraying, vertical farming software, and AI-based greenhouse robots for harvesting are just some examples. Compared with any human farm worker, AI-driven tools are far more efficient and accurate.
PubDate: 2024-08-08
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8722
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Attribution Style as Correlates of Secondary School Students’ Academic
Achievement in Biology in Onitsha Education Zone
Authors: Josephine Nwanneka Okoli, Gladys Anulika Ezenwata
Pages: 211 - 216
Abstract: Aims: The study attribution style as correlates of secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology in Onitsha Education Zone. Study Design: The research adopted the correlation survey design. Place and Duration of Study: Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 720 students from 12 co-educational schools from a population of 4241 SS II students in 26 public secondary schools in Onitsha Education Zone. Methodology: Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 720 students from 12 co-educational schools from a population of 4241 SS II students in 26 public secondary schools in Onitsha Education Zone. The instruments for data collection were an adapted Attribution Style Scale (ASS) and Students Academic Achievement Scores in Biology. These instruments were administered using the direct delivery approach with the help of 12 regular teachers as research assistants from the sampled schools. Research questions 1 and 2 was answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r), data relating to the hypotheses 1 and 2 was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: The findings of the study revealed that a very low negative relationship exists between attribution style and secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology (r = -0.05). A very low positive relationship exists between attribution style and male secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology (r = 0.11). In the same vein, a very low negative relationship exists between attribution style and female secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology (r = -0.09). There was no significant relationship between attribution style and male and female secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology (r = 0.11/-0.09, t=0.21/-1.34, Pvalue=0.83/0.81), This study also revealed that the relationship existing between attribution style and secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology is significant. On the contrary, there was no significant relationship between attribution style and male and female secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology (r=-0.05, t=-1.1, Pvalue= 0.02). Conclusion: A very low negative relationship between attribution style and secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology, while a very low positive relationship between attribution style and male secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology.
PubDate: 2024-08-08
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8723
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Assessment of Nexus Between Building Characteristics and Climate Change
Experiences on Housing Quality of Residents in Ayetoro, Ondo State,
Nigeria
Authors: Oluwatunmise Esther Iwayemi, Samuel Adedeji Daramola; Gabriel Olaoye, Babatunde Michael Ogunbanwo
Pages: 217 - 233
Abstract: Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing the world today, with far-reaching impacts on various sectors, including housing. Ayetoro, a coastal community in Nigeria, is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to its location and socio-economic factors. The study assessed the relationship between building characteristics and climate change experiences of the residents of Ayetoro community on their housing qualities. The following null hypotheses were tested: 1.) there is no positive relationship between building materials and increase in the room temperature in Ayetoro community from 2000 to 2022. 2.) There is no positive relationship between Age of building and Erosion of supporting soils in Ayetoro community from 2000 to 2022. 3.) There is no positive relationship between locations of building and permanent flooding in the low-lying areas in Ayetoro community from 2000 to 2022. The study was a mixed method cross sectional inferential study. A total of 379 questionnaires were distributed with 92.9% completion rate. Gathered data were presented by means of frequencies & percentage on tables and analyzed using inferential statistical tools such as linear correlation and pair sampled correction at 95% confidence level. The study found that; increase in room temperature has no positive effect on building roofing materials covering and building floor materials while increase in room temperature has positive effect on building materials used for wall foundation footing and Building materials used for the construction wall. Permanent flooding in the low-lying areas has no positive impact on location of building. Also, there is no positive relationship between age of building and erosion of supporting soils in Ayetoro community from 2000 to 2022. The study underscores the urgent need for proactive measures to address the climate change impact on housing quality.
PubDate: 2024-08-09
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8724
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
- Comparative Evaluation of Physical and Phenolic Profiles in Propolis from
N. Macedonian Regions
Authors: Bardha Ibishi, Vesna Karapetkovska – Hristova, Viktor Kolovski, Nexhbedin Beadini, Ivan Pavlovic
Pages: 234 - 241
Abstract: Aims/Objective: Propolis, a resinous substance collected by bees from plants, is an exceptionally complex mixture whose quality is influenced by the surrounding flora, geography, and climate. It has been used medicinally for centuries and is currently utilized in natural foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The aim of this study was to measure the physical parameters and total phenolic content of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP). The study also involved a step-by-step approach to ensure maximum extraction efficiency. The experimental design incorporates detailed procedures for freezing, micronization, and filtration, which ensure the precision and reproducibility of the results. The study's use of standardized techniques, such as the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay for the determination of total phenolic content, further validates the accuracy of the findings. Study Design: Comparative experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Between April and July 2024, suitable ethanolic propolis extracts (4% and 10%) were prepared from raw propolis collected from two different regions (Pelagonia and Polog). Methodology: Physical parameters such as solubility, conductivity and yield were analyzed in these extracts. Two subsequent extractions, each with two replicates, were performed on the same samples to obtain initial insights into achieving the highest yield from a given amount of propolis. The total phenolic content in the EEP was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, with results expressed as mg GAE/g. Results: Conductivity, yield, and solubility measurements varied across Pelagonia (42 ppm, 17.42%, high solubility) and Polog (33 ppm, 15.38%, lower solubility) propolis extracts, reflecting diverse chemical profiles influenced by geographical factors. Regional analysis of propolis from Pelagonia and Polog regions revealed significant differences in total phenolic content, with Pelagonia extracts showing higher values (189 mg GAE/g) compared to Polog (172 mg GAE/g). Statistical tests confirmed these differences as significant (p < 0.05), underscoring the impact of geographic origin on propolis composition. Conclusions: Variations in bioactive content in propolis are influenced by geographical origin, botanical sources, and extraction methods. Standardized extraction protocols and further research are crucial for optimizing its medicinal potential and utilizing insoluble propolis solids.
PubDate: 2024-08-09
DOI: 10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i8725
Issue No: Vol. 18, No. 8 (2024)
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