Abstract: Background:The infection pathway of virus in living cell is of interest from the viewpoint of the physics of diffusion.Objective:Here, recent developments about a diffusion theory for the infection pathway of an adeno-associated virus in cytoplasm of a living HeLa cell are reported.Theories and Results:Generalizing fractional kinetics successfully modeling anomalous diffusion, a theory for describing the infection pathway of the virus over the cytoplasm is presented. The statistical property of the fluctuations of the anomalous-diffusion exponent is also discussed based on a maximum-entropy-principle approach. In addition, an issue regarding the continuum limit of the entropy introduced in the approach is carefully examined. The theory is found to imply that the motion of the virus may obey a scaling law.
Abstract: Introduction:In the present study, the effects of gamma irradiation and packaging on storage quality of partially matured peach was studied. The fruit was irradiated in the dose range of 2.5 and 5.0 kGy and was stored in paper and wooden boxes at ambient temperature (25±2 C).Methods and Materials:The samples were evaluated at regular intervals (weekly) for moisture, ash, ascorbic acid, crude carbohydrate, crude protein, crude fibre and crude fat. Maximum increase (0.23%) of ash content was recorded for sample irradiated with 5.0 kGy stored in wooden box during the second week. The decrease in moisture contents, crude protein, fat, fibre and ascorbic acid was observed in all packed and irradiated (5.0 kGy) samples.Results:The results clearly indicate the effect of paper packaging and radiation doses on fruit (peach) quality. The shelf life of peach was increased up to 17 days.Conclusion:Radiated Pakistani China peach grown in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was studied for the first time. No significant difference was observed between controlled and irradiated peach samples. However, storage for more than two weeks is not advisable because of the loss of firmness of fruit.No adverse effect of gamma irradiation was observed in the current study. However, further studies are needed to explore the exact biochemical mechanism of actions.
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