Authors:Widowati Siswomihardjo Abstract: Jurnal Teknosains Volume 12 Nomor 1 edisi Desember 2022 menampilkan berbagai penelitian beragam dalam bidang teknologi dan sains, mulai dari Teknik Industri, Teknik Mesin, Ilmu Lingkungan, Pertanian, dan Arsitektur. Artikel jurnal ilmiah yang diangkat oleh para penulis menunjukkan penelitian yang beragam. Di edisi Desember 2022, Jurnal Teknosains bekerjasama dengan 6th International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning (ICIAP) 2022 untuk mengakomodir penelitian yang lebih luas bagi penulis pada lintas institusi secara nasional. Jurnal Teknosains juga berperan sebagai wadah untuk menyebarluaskan beberapa hasil penelitian yang telah dipresentasikan pada ICIAP 2022, dialihbentuk dan diterbitkan dalam bentuk artikel jurnal ilmiah. Berbagai artikel hasil penelitian di dalam edisi Desember 2022 ini menunjukkan kekhasan Jurnal Teknosains dalam mewakili tulisan pada lintas multidisiplin ilmu dan topik yang beragam, serta penulis yang berbeda institusi dengan latar belakang berbeda. PubDate: 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.80345 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Trifandi Lasalewo, Budi Hartono, Subagyo Subagyo, Hari Agung Yuniarto First page: 1 Abstract: Successful products are those that can meet customer needs, wants, and expectations. The ability of an organization to produce successful products is strongly influenced by the availability of its internal and external resources. This study manages to build a conceptual model that describes the influence of organizational internal and external resources on product success. The four internal resources that drive successful products include product characteristics, management & organizational characteristics, innovation, and knowledge sharing, while one external resource includes marketplace characteristics. The conceptual model can be used as one of the basic references for measuring the driving aspects of the success of product development in subsequent studies. PubDate: 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.66241 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Dan Mugisidi, Adittia Fajar, Rifky Rifky, Oktarina Heriyani First page: 19 Abstract: Air adalah kebutuhan pokok manusia yang harus tercukupi. Kebutuhan air bersih meningkat sedangkan ketersediaan air bersih terbatas sehingga para peneliti berupaya menggunakan air laut sebagai bahan baku air tawar. Air laut merupakan sumber air yang melimpah akan tetapi masih mengandung garam, oleh karena itu perlu pemisahan antara air laut dengan kandungan garamnya sehingga bisa menghasilkan air tawar atau desalinasi yang salah satu caranya adalah menggunakan solar still karena murah dan sederhana. Akan tetapi solar still memiliki produktivitas yang rendah, maka itu berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan hasil desalinasi salah satunya dengan penambahan kondensor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efisiensi termal dan efektivitas kondensor pada solar still. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA periode Maret - Mei 2021. Material yang digunakan yaitu aluminium dengan panjang 300 mm, lebar 300 mm dan tebal 1,6 mm untuk pelat basin, kaca ganda dengan tebal 3 mm untuk penutup atas dan samping solar still. Penelitian dilakukan dalam ruangan dengan intensitas radiasi menggunakan lampu halogen. Varibel yang diukur berupa temperatur air, evaporasi, permukaan kaca dalam, kondensor, saluran masuk dan keluar pendingin kondensor dengan menggunakan fluke meter, intensitas radiasi menggunakan solar power meter dan air hasil desalinasi dengan neraca digital. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata efisiensi termal kondensor pada solar still terpadu mencapai 83,94% dan massa desalinasi air laut mencapai 451,32 gram dengan efektivitas produksi kondensor sebesar 96,4% serta nilai korelasi 0,99. PubDate: 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.70731 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Dewi Masri, Wagiman Wagiman, Bertha Maya Sopha First page: 32 Abstract: Penerapan produksi bersih di C-Maxi Alloycast, Yogyakarta. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi penerapan prinsip produksi bersih di C-Maxi Alloycast. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemetaan proses produksi, analisis limbah melalui pengujian limbah cair & analisis potensi prinsip-prinsip produksi bersih. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk proses produksi meliputi peleburan, penuangan logam cair ke cetakan, pengangkatan cetakan dan pemberian cairan pendingin, pengangkatan hasil coran, pembubutan, pengikiran, quality control, penyimpanan dan distribusi. Karakteristik limbah cair menunjukkan nilai memenuhi baku mutu, namun kandungan TSS tidak memenuhi NAB (Nilai Ambang Batas). Peluang produksi bersih antara lain good housekeeping, penerapan 3R pada limbah padat, pembangunan TPS Limbah B3 dan peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia. Kinerja lingkungan mengalami peningkatan berdasarkan Standar Industri Hijau (SIH) dari level 1 ke level 2 dengan nilai 53% menjadi 65% dengan penerapan produksi bersih. Kinerja ekonomi dari penerapan produksi bersih memperoleh keuntungan sebesar Rp. 77.412.000,-/tahun. Menerapkan produksi bersih dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi lingkungan dan perekonomian. PubDate: 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.67962 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Adnan Widodo, Indun Dewi Puspita, Ustadi Ustadi First page: 44 Abstract: Shrimp shell waste are potential to be processed further into value added products, such as N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In the production of GlcNAc, biological approach is preferred and environmentally friendly to chemical treatment. Chitinase is an enzyme that plays a vital role in bioprocessing of shrimp shell waste into GlcNAc. Previously, Bacillus cereus SMG 1.1 was isolated from fermented shrimp paste (terasi) and showed ability to produce chitinase. This study was designed to determine the optimum medium for the production of chitinase from B. cereus SMG 1.1 through the Response Surface Method (RSM) using a factorial design with 15 treatments. The test was designed to assess the effect of the independent variables on chitinase activity (colloidal chitin, fructose, and MgSO4). This study developed a linear model capable of predicting the response. The highest response value was achieved at a concentration of 0.75% fructose, 1.5% colloidal chitin, and 0.075% MgSO4 resulted in chitinase activity of 0.0016 U/ml. PubDate: 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.72606 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Reza Arlianda First page: 56 Abstract: In response to Sustainable Development Goals number 6 on clean water and sanitation, Indonesia as the top 10 countries in extensive groundwater extraction has fallen behind in providing basic water services infrastructure. While the water utility in Indonesia only provides 35.15% coverage nationally, Bangka Belitung as the lowest province in water management provision with only 17.26% coverage faces tremendous sustainable issues due to its massive exploitation of water usage for domestic, industrial, and especially tin mining activities. Even though water infrastructure is always an essential part of the history of the built environment such as the Roman aqueduct, India’s Stepwell, and Nasqa Puquios, the number of architectural studies focused on improving the water services in Indonesia is surprisingly small. This study aims to contribute and mainstream the discussion on green infrastructure in the architecture discourse by analyzing and identifying its typology and design elements using the heritage built environment of Bangka Belitung’s perigi as the case study. The result of identified design elements and typology on the cultural landscape can further be used to enrich the architecture discussion and design vocabulary on Indonesian cities’ urban fabric and contribute to the expected achievement progress on sustainable development goals. PubDate: 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.78507 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:Dekka Dhirgantara Putra, Bahrul Fikry Sofwany, Hukma Zulfinanda, Iqbal Kamaruddin First page: 72 Abstract: Hydrometeorological disasters are showing an increasing trend in Indonesia. Flash floods are part of a hydrometeorological disaster that has a significant livelihood impact. Flash Flood is triggered by the intensity of extreme rain, several actions of mitigation can be taken by early warning systems, hazard and risk mapping, community preparedness, and climate change adaptation. So, how does future land use have an impact, and how much loss will result from the flash flood disaster in Batu City' The hydrometeorological disaster that occurred in Indonesia was the Batu Flash Flood. The Flash Flood occurred on November 4, 2021. The flash flood has a lot of impact on many locations, including the Bumiaji District and Junrejo District. Based on the disaster history recorded, the flash flood in Batu has only happened once, but the impact was quite big because there are many houses in the midstream of Bulukerto. Based on the losses caused, this can be the basis for efforts to control the spatial pattern of Batu City in the future. The methodology used in this study is risk assessment. While the risk study related to delta (Δ) the study of flash floods risk in spatiotemporal prevention uses the 2030 spatial plan for delta prediction (Δ), which can later predict the consequences of climate change and meteorological disasters from flash floods in Batu. The results of this study are the delta (Δ) of flash flood risk and the damage assessment of the flash flood that occurred in Batu.
Authors:Endar Rohmadi, Masahiko Sekine, Bakti Setiawan First page: 85 Abstract: Due to a lack of proper sanitation services, the disposal of residential wastewater from slum areas has become one of the river pollution contributors. In Yogyakarta slums were concentrated along the riverbanks of the Winongo, Code and Gajahwong rivers. Due to slum upgrading, slums have declined from 264.5 ha to 114.72 ha between 2016 and 2020. This research aims to determine the correlation between slum upgrading and river water quality. The data was acquired from the Government of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, and examined using ten water parameters from 2013 to 2021. Using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Spearman Rank, it was found that population density positively correlated with Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform (p<0.05). It was also seen that the slum ratio showed a positive correlation with BOD, COD, TSS, pH, and NH3-N (p<0.05). The number of WWTP had a positive correlation with PO4-P (p= 0.037), whereas the number of connected houses to WWTP reported a positive correlation with P04-P (p=0.028). In addition, a significant decrease in BOD, COD, NH3-N, pH, and TSS were found using the Paired t-test and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. (p<0.05). Slum upgrading notably reduced organic pollutants and suspended solids. However, the performance of WWTP did not perform a maximal contribution to reducing PO4-P and Coliform; therefore, it is necessary to improve the performance. This study might be used to enhance the river and urban management in Yogyakarta City. PubDate: 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.78952 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
Authors:I Gusti Agung Bagus Wirajati, Putu Wijaya Sunu, Ida Ayu Gede Bintang Madrini, Ni Kadek Muliati First page: 99 Abstract: Sistem refrigerasi adsorpsi merupakan sistem pendinginan yang ramah lingkungan karena potensi penipisan ozon menjadi nol. Pada tulisan ini diperkenalkan sebuah sistem pendinginan adsorpsi pemanasan ulang kombinasi dengan tiga penukar kalor. Prinsip kerja dan optimasi waktu siklus pada sistem juga dibahas dalam tulisan ini. Sistem pendinginan adsorpsi ini terdiri dari tiga alat penukar kalor (H) adsorber/desorber, satu evaporator dan satu kondensor. Kombinasi siklus dimaksudkan kepada mesin penukar kalornya yang bekerja dalam siklus pemanasan ulang (H1 dan H2) dan siklus tanpa pemanasan ulang (H3). Simulasi sistem dikerjakan dengan program MATLAB yang dioptimasi melalui PSO (particle swarm optimization) dengan tujuan adalah untuk mengetahui unjuk kerja dari sistim terhadap waktu siklus totalnya yang meliputi waktu adsorbs/desorbsi, waktu pre-cooling & pre-heating dan waktu mass recovery. Dari hasil optimasi didapatkan bahwa sistim ini dapat bekerja pada suhu terendah 55 C pada kondisi suhu air dinginnya dijaga tetap pada 9 C. PubDate: 2022-12-04 DOI: 10.22146/teknosains.73676 Issue No:Vol. 12, No. 1 (2022)
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