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  Subjects -> SCIENCES: COMPREHENSIVE WORKS (Total: 374 journals)
Showing 1 - 200 of 265 Journals sorted alphabetically
AAS Open Research     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Accountability in Research: Policies and Quality Assurance     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 18)
Acta Materialia Transilvanica     Open Access  
Acta Nova     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Acta Scientifica Malaysia     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Acta Scientifica Naturalis     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Adıyaman University Journal of Science     Open Access  
Advanced Science     Open Access   (Followers: 13)
Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine     Partially Free   (Followers: 6)
Advanced Theory and Simulations     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 5)
Advances in Research     Open Access  
Advances in Science and Technology     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 18)
African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 7)
Afrique Science : Revue Internationale des Sciences et Technologie     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
AFRREV STECH : An International Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access   (Followers: 3)
Alfarama Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 8)
American Academic & Scholarly Research Journal     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
American Journal of Applied Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 21)
American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 13)
ANALES de la Universidad Central del Ecuador     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia     Open Access  
Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad     Open Access  
Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences     Open Access  
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 1)
Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences     Partially Free   (Followers: 5)
Archives of Current Research International     Open Access  
ARO. The Scientific Journal of Koya University     Open Access  
ARPHA Conference Abstracts     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
ARPHA Proceedings     Open Access  
ArtefaCToS : Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología     Open Access  
Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports     Open Access  
Asian Journal of Scientific Research     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Asian Journal of Technology Innovation     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 5)
Australian Field Ornithology     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 2)
Australian Journal of Social Issues     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 6)
Avrasya Terim Dergisi     Open Access  
Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research     Open Access  
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 11)
BIBECHANA     Open Access  
Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research     Open Access  
Bioethics Research Notes     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 16)
BJHS Themes     Open Access  
Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science     Open Access  
Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology     Open Access  
Bulletin de la Société Royale des Sciences de Liège     Open Access  
Bulletin of the National Research Centre     Open Access  
Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d'Història Natural     Open Access  
Chain Reaction     Full-text available via subscription  
Ciencia Amazónica (Iquitos)     Open Access  
Ciencia en su PC     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Ciencia Ergo Sum     Open Access  
Ciência ET Praxis     Open Access  
Ciencia y Tecnología     Open Access  
Ciencias Holguin     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
CienciaUAT     Open Access  
Citizen Science : Theory and Practice     Open Access   (Followers: 3)
Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A2-A3 Physical Sciences and Engineering     Open Access  
Communications in Applied Sciences     Open Access  
Comunicata Scientiae     Open Access  
ConCiencia     Open Access  
Conference Papers in Science     Open Access  
Configurations     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 11)
COSMOS     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 1)
Crea Ciencia Revista Científica     Open Access  
Cuadernos de Investigación UNED     Open Access  
Current Issues in Criminal Justice     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 13)
Current Research in Geoscience     Open Access   (Followers: 5)
Dalat University Journal of Science     Open Access  
Data     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Data Curation Profiles Directory     Open Access   (Followers: 9)
Dhaka University Journal of Science     Open Access  
Diálogos Interdisciplinares     Open Access  
Digithum     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Discover Sustainability     Open Access   (Followers: 3)
Einstein (São Paulo)     Open Access  
Ekaia : EHUko Zientzia eta Teknologia aldizkaria     Open Access  
Elkawnie : Journal of Islamic Science and Technology     Open Access  
Emergent Scientist     Open Access  
Enhancing Learning in the Social Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 7)
Enseñanza de las Ciencias : Revista de Investigación y Experiencias Didácticas     Open Access  
Entramado     Open Access  
Entre Ciencia e Ingeniería     Open Access  
Epiphany     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Estação Científica (UNIFAP)     Open Access  
Ethiopian Journal of Education and Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 5)
Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access  
Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development     Open Access  
European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
European Scientific Journal     Open Access   (Followers: 5)
Evidência - Ciência e Biotecnologia - Interdisciplinar     Open Access  
Exchanges : the Warwick Research Journal     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Experimental Results     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Facets     Open Access  
Fides et Ratio : Revista de Difusión Cultural y Científica     Open Access  
Fırat University Turkish Journal of Science & Technology     Open Access  
Fontanus     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Forensic Science Policy & Management: An International Journal     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 237)
Frontiers for Young Minds     Open Access  
Frontiers in Climate     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Frontiers in Science     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Fundamental Research     Open Access  
Futures & Foresight Science     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 1)
Gaudium Sciendi     Open Access  
Gazi University Journal of Science     Open Access  
Ghana Studies     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 15)
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences     Full-text available via subscription  
Global Journal of Science Frontier Research     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Globe, The     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 4)
HardwareX     Open Access  
Heidelberger Jahrbücher Online     Open Access  
Heliyon     Open Access  
Himalayan Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access  
History of Science and Technology     Open Access   (Followers: 5)
Hoosier Science Teacher     Open Access  
Impact     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Indian Journal of History of Science     Hybrid Journal  
Indonesian Journal of Fundamental Sciences     Open Access  
Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access  
Ingenieria y Ciencia     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Innovare : Revista de ciencia y tecnología     Open Access  
Instruments     Open Access  
Integrated Research Advances     Open Access  
Interciencia     Open Access  
Interface Focus     Full-text available via subscription  
International Annals of Science     Open Access  
International Archives of Science and Technology     Open Access  
International Journal of Academic Research in Business, Arts & Science     Open Access  
International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Review     Open Access  
International Journal of Applied Science     Open Access  
International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering (IJCESEN)     Open Access  
International Journal of Culture and Modernity     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology     Open Access  
International Journal of Engineering, Technology and Natural Sciences     Open Access  
International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
International Journal of Network Science     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 3)
International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT     Open Access  
International Journal of Research in Science     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
International Journal of Social Sciences and Management     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
International Journal of Technology Policy and Law     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 8)
International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences     Open Access  
International Science and Technology Journal of Namibia     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
International Scientific and Vocational Studies Journal     Open Access  
InterSciencePlace     Open Access  
Investiga : TEC     Open Access  
Investigación Joven     Open Access  
Investigacion y Ciencia     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A : Science     Hybrid Journal  
iScience     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Issues in Science & Technology     Free   (Followers: 8)
Ithaca : Viaggio nella Scienza     Open Access  
J : Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal     Open Access  
Jaunujų mokslininkų darbai     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l'Universite de Lome     Full-text available via subscription  
Journal of Chromatography & Separation Techniques     Open Access   (Followers: 10)
Journal of Advanced Research     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Journal of Al-Qadisiyah for Pure Science     Open Access  
Journal of Alasmarya University     Open Access  
Journal of Analytical Science & Technology     Open Access   (Followers: 5)
Journal of Applied Science and Technology     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Big History     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Journal of Composites Science     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Journal of Diversity Management     Open Access   (Followers: 4)
Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research     Hybrid Journal  
Journal of Institute of Science and Technology     Open Access  
Journal of Integrated Science and Technology     Open Access  
Journal of King Saud University - Science     Open Access  
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences     Open Access  
Journal of Natural Sciences Research     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Journal of Negative and No Positive Results     Open Access  
Journal of Responsible Technology     Open Access  
Journal of Science (JSc)     Open Access  
Journal of Science and Engineering     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Journal of Science and Technology     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana)     Open Access   (Followers: 3)
Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Science Foundation     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka     Open Access  
Journal of Scientific Research     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Scientific Research and Reports     Open Access   (Followers: 1)
Journal of Scientometric Research     Open Access   (Followers: 21)
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science)     Hybrid Journal  
Journal of Social Science Research     Open Access   (Followers: 2)
Journal of Taibah University for Science     Open Access  
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science     Open Access  
Journal of the Ghana Science Association     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 3)
Journal of the History of Ideas     Full-text available via subscription   (Followers: 158)
Journal of the Indian Institute of Science     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 4)
Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka     Open Access  
Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand     Hybrid Journal   (Followers: 48)
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science     Open Access  
Journal of Unsolved Questions     Open Access  
Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi : JIITUJ     Open Access  
Jurnal Matematika, Sains, Dan Teknologi     Open Access  

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Advances in Science and Technology
Number of Followers: 18  
 
  Full-text available via subscription Subscription journal
ISSN (Online) 1662-0356
Published by Scientific.Net Homepage  [14 journals]
  • Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidants Analysis of Clinacanthus nutans
           Leaf and Stem Extracts

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Saiyidah Nafisah Hasyim, Norrizah Jaafar Sidik, Tay Chia Chay, Nur Nadirah Rodzali, Siti Nur Azmu’i Abdullah, Noor Amira Muhammad
      Clinacanthus nutans consists with multiple medicinal properties. The plant is also known to be a source of biologically active compounds, particularly those with an antioxidant capacity. The phytochemical studies of C. nutans plant extract was mostly reported from its leaf part. Thus, the objectives of this study are to assess the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of C. nutans leaf and stem. Methanol was used as solvent for the green extraction. Next, phytochemical screening, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoids contents (TFC), quercetin flavonoid compound analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity were performed on C. nutans leaf and stem. In comparison to stem extract, the leaf extract showed a more favorable appearance of metabolites. In FTIR analysis, both sample extracts revealed the presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups, which are important in antioxidant action. The TPC (228.06 mg GAE/g DW) and TFC (29.76 mg QE/g DW) values were higher in the leaf extract than the stem extract. Quercetin quantification in HPLC analysis revealed that the leaf extract (21.33 g/g) contained more quercetin than the stem extract (18.88 g/g). Between the extracts, leaf providing more antioxidant values of DPPH (15.50%) and FRAP (15.68 gFeSO4/g) than stem. The greatest association was identified between TFC and FRAP reducing activity (r = 0.977, p<0.05) indicating that the flavonoid present in the extract contributed to C. nutans' antioxidant capacity.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Biofluid Characterisation Using Pin on Disc Experiment from Plant Based
           Oil

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Mohamad Mazwan Mahat, Izatul Aina Afiqah Mohd Rohazid, Farah Nabillah Kazwa, Nurul Nadiah Kamaldin
      This study focuses on the performance and mechanical characteristics response of pure Canola oil and Canola oil with existence of Hyaluronic Acid. Numerous studies show that plant-based substances are infrequently used in synthetic synovial fluid. The sort of bio-fluid that derives from plant-based oil and can function as a synthetic synovial fluid is the focus of this work. Three samples of a bio-fluid made of Canola oil with three different concentrations of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) are 0 ml, 5 ml, and 10ml, respectively. The 500 mm x 500 mm x 4 mm Polylactic Acid (PLA) biomaterial disc was chosen in the pin on disc wear and friction test rig experiment in conjunction with a canola-based oil tested lubricant to simulate the mechanical principles on the knee. To obtain accurate findings for the wear rate and friction coefficient, the samples will be put through a tribology test. The experiment was conducted to measure the tribology of the stainless pin to observe the effect of coefficient of friction and wear rate on the pin. The reliable outcome may open up new avenues for future research on synthetic synovial fluid. On the other hand, this study is beneficial to medical technology for future treatment of any diseases related to synovial fluid and allows the manufacturer to improve understanding in the optimization of these lubricants in ensuring a long-term application in the human body.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Extraction Yield of Palm Oil and Carotenoids Value from
           Microwave-Sterilized Oil Palm Mesocarp

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Amirah Hanani Kamaruddin, Norashikin Ahmad Zamanhuri, Rafeqah Raslan
      Steam batch sterilization is favorably utilized by conventional palm oil mills in Malaysia. However, there are some disadvantages to using steam batch sterilization, including the fact that it takes a long time to complete the sterilizing process, and a huge amount of wastewater is released as palm oil mill effluent (POME). Besides, extraction by fruit press expeller requires a large number of nuts or seeds to produce a high yield, which is relatively expensive. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the capability of microwave sterilization and the Soxhlet extraction (solvent extraction) process as an alternative to the conventional method. The impact of various microwave power levels of 400, 600, and 800 W and water ratios of 0, 50, and 100 mL on oil yield and carotenoids value of microwave-sterilized oil palm mesocarp are also investigated. Microwave sterilization and Soxhlet extraction have been employed as a replacement for the conventional method of extracting a higher yield of palm oil mesocarp in order to fill the gap by the previous research, which applied two methods: microwave sterilization (power level) and extraction. Then, carotenoid value analysis with a UV spectrophotometer is utilized to examine the outcomes in order to demonstrate the efficacy of the method. As a result, a high oil yield and carotenoid value are produced, which is 59.31% at 800W with the absence of water (0 mL) and a carotenoid value of 757 ppm at 400W (0 mL), respectively. Meanwhile, other carotenoid values at different microwave power levels and water ratios are still within the acceptable range as per the commercial crude palm oil standard.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Effect of Ga Substitution at Mn Site on Electroresistance Behavior in
           Monovalent Doped La0.85Ag0.15Mn1-xGaxO3 Manganites

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Norazila Ibrahim, Nur Azeni Mohamad Rusop, Rozilah Rajmi
      The effects of Ga substitution at Mn site on electroresistance behaviour of La0.85Ag0.15MnO3 compound prepared by solid-state reaction method were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement were recorded at room temperature and refined by employing Rietveld techniques. Ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transitions behaviour have been observed from ac susceptibility results. Resistivity-temperature curve with different applied currents of 1 mA and 5 mA showed metal-insulator, MI transition temperature, TMI decreased with increased of the applied currents. The increased in applied current caused the maximum resistivity around TMI to be decreased for both samples indicated increased in charge carrier density which resulting in drop of resistivity, hence, enhanced double exchange mechanism. The electroresistance (ER) effects have been investigated. The result showed that the ER effect increases when Ga is substituted.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Finite Element Analysis of Low-Velocity Impact Carbon Fiber-Reinforced
           Polymer (CFRP) Composite Laminate Emphasizing on Meshing Technique

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Mohd Suhairil Meon
      This paper presents the performance of the three-dimensional progressive damage model using Puck failure criteria gradual degradation law to predict the structural responses, as well as the onset and propagation of failure due to different meshing techniques. The proposed damage model is performed using Abaqus explicit analysis. Three meshing strategies are analyzed using a solid element finite element model based on low-velocity impact loading. The structural responses are compared with experimental data taken from literature to measure the performance of such damage model. The results revealed that the models adopted here respond well to experimental data and demonstrate acceptable results in predicting the inter- and intra-laminar damage of the composite laminate.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Removal of Iron and Manganese in Groundwater Using Alum and Potassium
           Permanganate

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Khairul Hafiz Shahrul Nizam, Nur Syahiza Zainuddin
      Groundwater has become one of the natural sources of water nowadays. Naturally, groundwater contains dissolving materials such as soils, rocks, and minerals, which later release constituents, including iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn). However, raw groundwater has been found to consist of a high concentration of such minerals, which exceed the Groundwater Quality Standard published by the Department of Environment Malaysia. Initially, the concentration of Fe2+ and Mn exceeding the limit mentioned in the standard; 1.0 and 0.2 mg/L, respectively, might affect the quality of the groundwater. Hence, such condition of water needs to be treated before it can be distributed to the user. This study presents the combination usage of alum and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in removing Fe2+ and Mn in the groundwater. The jar test was the main mechanism used in identifying the best optimum medium dosages (alum and KMnO4) as well as the best contact time for both mediums to efficiently remove Fe2+ and Mn in groundwater. In this study, water samples were taken from Chicha Water Treatment Plant in Kelantan. It can be said that both alum and KMnO4 managed to remove Fe2+ and Mn up to 35% and 45%, respectively when using alum dosage of 12 mg/L and KMnO4 dosage of 1.5mg/L with a contact time of 40 minutes. In addition, both mediums also managed to remove other parameters such as colour, turbidity, cations, and pH.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Surface Chemistry Interaction of Graphene Oxide/Eggshell Adsorbent towards
           Fluoride Removal

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Norhusna Mohamad Nor, Mohamad Ikmal Mohamad Azmir, Nurulhuda Amri
      Fluoride removal is crucial in water sources because its existence is very harmful towards human and environment. With this concern, graphene oxide (GO) has been selected as an adsorbent due to its adsorptive characteristics. GO was modified with eggshell (GO/ES), a natural based of calcium precursor. The modification of the GO/ES adsorbent was done via ultra-sonification. The effects of each synthesis parameter toward fluoride removal were investigated and related to surface functional groups found in the modified GO/ES adsorbent. From the analysis, eggshell has been successfully decorated over GO structure, where GO-calcium bond was observed in the FTIR spectra. The interaction between GO and ES showed the increment of hydroxyl (O-H) and carboxyl (C-O) functional groups as increasing in ES amount. This resulted in increasing of fluoride removal, as high as 54.30 mg/g adsorption capacity. The effects of GO/ES ration, sonication temperature and synthesis time in tailoring the modified GO/ES adsorbent were also significant in the arrangement of these functional groups towards fluoride removal. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that modified GO/ES adsorbent, from natural calcium source is comparable with chemical based calcium source, where the same functional groups were observed from FTIR spectra.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Effect of Titanium Doping on Structure and Morphology of
           LiNi0.3Mn0.3Co0.3Al0.1O2 Cathode Materials

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Kelimah Elong, Muhd Firdaus Kasim, Zurina Osman
      Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NMC 333) become a promising cathode material and attracted much attention to replace the LiCoO2. The structure, particle size, and morphology are some of the factors that influence the performance of the NMC 333 materials were study in this work. The synthesis method of doped NMC 333 materials was done via combustion method and citric acid was used as a fuel. The final products of LiNi0.3Mn0.3Co0.3Al0.1O2 and LiNi0.3Mn0.3Co0.3Al0.05Ti0.05O2 were denoted as 333A and 333AT, respectively. Based on the XRD results, all materials showed a pure, single phase and isostructural with hexagonal α-NaFeO2. 333AT material show good cation ordering with RIR value of 1.25. It also shows the higher (003) peak intensity and smaller full widths at half maximum (FWHM) indicate this material has higher structural crystallinity and smaller crystallite size than 333A. Meanwhile, FESEM results revealed that all materials have morphology of polyhedral like shape and well-crystallized particles with smooth surfaces. Both materials clearly made up of micro-sized particles with the range particle size from 103 nm to 975 nm. 333A material display slightly larger crystallite size compared to the 333AT material. As a conclusion, doping technique will effect the structural and the morphology of materials.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Coconut Shell Ash (CSA) as the Stabilizer for Soft Soil Treatment

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Abdul Samad Abdul Rahman, Norbaya Sidek, Sulaiman Hasim, Juhaizad Ahmad, Mohd Ikmal Mohd Fazlan, Nur Syazwana Mohamad
      Soft soil consists of inherent properties where it is unstable in geotechnical condition with low shear strength. The present of soft soil is one of the problematic ground conditions that can pose great challenges in the related field. Moreover, soft soil is not suitable for being used in the construction of highways and buildings due to its undesirable characteristics such as high-water content, low shear strength, low bearing capacity and low permeability. Thus, soil improvement will be crucial in future geotechnical practice for designing structures in weak soil. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the use of coconut shell ash (CSA) as an additive material to improve the strength of the soft soil. Preliminary tests were carried out on the soft soil sample for identification and classification purposes. Then, engineering tests were carried out such as compaction tests to determine the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD), Un-confined Compression Test (UCT) to assess the unconfined compressive strength of the soft soil when mixed with 0, 5, 10, and 15% of CSA. Finally, this study resume that the coconut shell ash can act as a stabilizer that will lower the cost of treatment and will benefit the environment.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Desiccation Cracking of Kaolin Clay at Laboratory Scale

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Ainie Abdul Shukor, Fauzilah Ismail, Niraku Rosmawati Ahmad, Ahmad Kamil Arshad, Faizah Kamarudin
      Desiccation is the process of extreme drying that results in cracking in materials such as soils. Cracking is a complex process that has the potential to spread and penetrate deeper into the soil, which could lead to instability in earth structures like embankments. A number of desiccation tests were conducted to observe the crack behaviour of manufactured kaolin clay at laboratory scale. All samples were prepared at variation of initial water content and desiccation tests carried out using aluminium desiccation trays. Their crack behaviour was monitored at different thickness and comparison made to the samples tested on different base materials such as ceramic, steel and wood plates. The drying process, crack propagation and pattern were measured and observed daily. A digital image is captured and the crack intensity factor (CIF) calculated manually using a grid system. It was found that a sample of kaolin clay that was 5 mm thick had the highest CIF with rapid propagation and produced non-orthogonal patterns. It also discovered that the thickness of the samples, type of plates utilised and soil state at the start of the test have an impact on the formation and propagation of cracks.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Predicting the Compaction Characteristics for Malaysian Sedimentary
           

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Norazlan Khalid, Mazidah Mukri, Norbaya Sidek
      This paper presents the regression model for predicting the maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC) for sedimentary residual soil mixed with bentonite. The empirical models were developed in accordance with the statistical validity steps and conditions. The laboratories were conducted to determine the physical properties of mixed samples with bentonite such as Atterberg limit and particle size distribution. Meanwhile the compaction testing was performed on the mixed soil samples with bentonite to determine the MDD and OMC values at different compaction energies. The data obtained from laboratories and secondary data were used to develop an empirical model. The results showed there is significant relationship between the particle size, compaction energy and bentonite content to the OMC. Meanwhile there is a relationship between the OMC, bentonite content and compaction energy to the MDD. Reasonably good regression coefficients are obtained in case of both model which R2 = 82% for MDD model and R2 = 72% for OMC model. Meanwhile the determination coefficient and mean square error (MSE) for validated model between predicted model and empirical model were given R2 = 89.5% with MSE = 0.065% for MDD model and R2 = 79.5% with MSE = 5.9% for OMC model. Therefore, the models developed present a good predicting for MDD and OMC values.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • Simulation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Fluid Flow on Ambient Air
           Vaporizer

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Mohd Asri Mohd Nor, Muhammad Ammar Imran Mohamad Razki, Nor Fazli Adull Manan
      An ambient air vaporizer (AAV) is an industrial heat exchanger equipment used in the vaporization process of liquefied gases before supplying to consumers. AAV utilizes the simple heat transfer principle that uses surrounding ambient air to vaporize the liquefied gases. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is one of the liquefied gases commonly associated with AAV applications. Due to a significant temperature difference between cryogenic fluid of LNG and ambient air, frost formation is inevitable to reduce the heat transfer rate. Fins geometry contributes a substantial impact on the performance of AAV and is the main element of heat transfer for AAV. This study aims to design a model of an AAV with a star 6-finned tube vaporizer with hexagon shape and to simulate the fluid flow on the vaporizer model to demonstrate the LNG vaporization process. The hexagon vaporizer model is designed using Solidworks, and heat transfer model is simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool, Ansys Fluent solver. Parameters such as fin geometry, LNG flowrate and wind speed were referred from previous studies. Methane and air are assumed as working fluids inside and outside of the vaporizer model. Wind temperatures of 300K (27°C), 303K (30°C), and 306K (33°C) are utilized in the simulation process based on geometrical weather in Malaysia. In the simulation model, methane entered from the bottom of the tube, while air entered horizontally at x-direction from the right side. The temperature contour shows that as the temperature of methane that flowed inside the tube increased as it entered the tube, the air temperature reduced as it entered and flowed passes through the finned tube. The analysis from the simulation model shows that higher air temperature with substantial wind speed can increase the outlet temperature of methane (LNG), thus improving the performance of AAV.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
  • CFD Performance Analysis of Journal Bearing Using Coconut Oil as Lubricant

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      Abstract: Publication date: 19 May 2023
      Source: Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 127
      Author(s): Ammar bin Ariffin, Khairul Imran Sainan, Syazuan Bin Abdul Latip
      Lubrication is one of the important factors for a journal bearing to function well. Therefore, the use of bio-lubricants such as coconut oil and vegetable oil are highly recommended for their high level of biodegradability to reduce the risk of environmental pollution. Vegetable oil like coconut oil has a great lubricating quality including low friction coefficient and improved oxidation stability which is very suitable to be used as a lubricant. The performance assessment of journal bearings utilizing coconut oil as a bio-lubricant and varying angular velocity and eccentricity ratio will be the main emphasis of this study. The behavior of the journal bearing with coconut oil as the lubricant will be examined using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program, ANSYS Fluent. Using ANSYS Fluent, the pressure distribution of pure coconut oil is analytically studied. To evaluate the efficacy of each lubricant with a varied value of angular velocity utilized by the journal in journal bearings, average viscosity, viscosity index, and produced maximum pressure can be discovered under the lubrication of the journal bearing. Using the values of angular velocity with the same value of dynamic viscosity and density as properties for the coconut oil were used to run the simulation for the journal bearing. The result obtained from the simulation for eccentricity ratio of 0.2 with an angular velocity of 5000rpm is 205926.1 meanwhile the result for eccentricity ratio of 0.8 with same angular velocity value is 9661441. Each result signifies those different value of angular velocity with different value of eccentricity ratio that effects the bearing design itself occurs different result.


      PubDate: Fri, 19 May 2023 00:00:00 +020
       
 
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