Authors:Aysan LEKTEMÜR ALPAN; Nazime DOGAN, Tuğba Hilal DENİZLİ, Özlem ÖZMEN Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the potential bone regeneration effect of bacterial cellulose-hydroxyapatite (BC-HAp) composite in calvarial defects of critical size in rats. BC-HAp obtained from Komagataibacter xylinus S4 isolate was examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the concentration of Ca and P ions in its content was determined. BC-HAp obtained from calvarial defects in rats was freeze-dried and applied. Samples taken at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks were examined histopathologically. According to SEM results, BC fibers were in thin bundles and the fibril diameter was determined as 42.11. As HAp is included in the BC pellicle, high levels of Ca and P elements were detected in its content. At the end of the in-vivo experiments, no bone formation was found in the 4th week. Uniform connective tissue formation was observed in the BS-HAp group. At the end of the 8th week, new bone areas were observed in the BS-HAp group adjacent to the biomaterial. When BS-HAp obtained from Komagataibacter xylinus S4 isolate was used as a biomaterial, it induced new bone formation at 8 weeks PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Kadir Can ERBAŞ Abstract: Super ellipses or Lame curves introduced by Gabriel Lame have been frequently studied subjects in physics and engineering in recent years. While the calculation of the area of super-ellipses is analytically possible, the lack of formulations for circumference calculations is noteworthy. To overcome this deficiency, this study aimed to write a code that computes the circumferences of super ellipses numerically and to find an approximate circumference formulation compatible with the numerical results. Additionally, the perimeter formulation obtained shows that in a rectangular boundary condition, Laplace's equation can be reduced to approximately one dimension with super ellipses and a practical approximate solution to a difficult physical problem can be found. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Kadir ÖZDEMİR Abstract: In this study, ultrafiltration (UF) technique was used for natural organic matter (NOM) characterization in water samples taken from Ulutan drinking water treatment plant (UWTP) units (raw water, coagulation and disinfection process) in Zonguldak. The distribution of NOM fractioation was performed the carbon mass balance of the UF processes according to the Total organic carbon (TOC) measurements. The NOM fraction with molecular weight (MW) 5kDa (8.4 μg/L), respectively., The highest specific trihalomethane formation potential (STHMFP) concentration was determined MW PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Mehmet Emre ÇEK; Eda DİNÇ Abstract: In this study, real time rectangular pulse detection problem is addressed when the channel noise distribution is not known in advance. Since there is no information about the noise parameters, sub-optimal detectors such as soft limiter, sign correlator and the proposed signed power are utilized for real time pulse detection problem using only received noisy samples. Noting that the unknown channel noise is not necessarily to be Gaussian, symmetric α-stable (SαS) distribution is given as non-Gaussian noise model. Since one of the main objectives is to detect the existent pulse within minimum observation interval, detector performances characterized by detection and false alarm probabilities are analyzed with respect to pulse length under both Gaussian and SαS noise. It is shown that not only the given sub-optimal detectors can exhibit performance close to optimal linear detector under Gaussian noise, but also they provide superior performance under SαS distribution. When the channel has strong impulsiveness, it is observed that the sign correlator and signed power detector introduced in this study exhibit better detection performance compared with soft limiter detector. Consequently, these detectors can be practically implemented to determine existence of pulse within a certain observation interval when there is no prior information about channel noise which is most likely non-Gaussian. Among the other sub-optimal detectors, the proposed signed-power detector is observed to exhibit more stable detection performance under channel noise having varying impulsiveness. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Ceren ÜNAL; Gamze ÖZEL Abstract: Pollutants can be found in the atmosphere in the form of smoke, dust, impure water vapor, and gas. The increase of these pollutants to the levels that will cause material damage and/or the increase to the levels that will negatively affect the health of living things and people is called air pollution. Meteorological conditions such as temperature, precipitation amount, humidity, horizontal and vertical air currents affect air pollution. Within the scope of this study, between 2017-2020, the climate parameters (air temperature, wind direction, wind speed, relative humidity, and air pressure) of Bolu province on air pollution (particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxide (NOX) and carbon monoxide (CO) levels. Multiple linear regression and correlation methods were used in the temporal variation of air pollutants using meteorological data and air concentrations. During the analysis, PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, NOX, and CO values are considered as dependent variables, and meteorological parameters are considered as independent variables. By using the data, the correlation coefficients showing the correlation between them are calculated and the regression equations for air pollutants are obtained. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Abdulwahed QADERI; Mouad M Othan Abu Bakr BEN SAOUD, Volkan EREN, Abdullah GÜNDOĞAY, Sıla YAMAN, Hamide TEKELİ KABAŞ Abstract: It is preferred in reinforced concrete buildings nowadays from the structural and serviceability point of view to hide the service pipes and cables like telephone lines, computer networks, etc. under the suspended ceilings or raised floors. However, the installation of those services in the existing buildings leads in real life to an opening in structural elements especially beams without the knowledgeof the structural engineers. These openings which may be in all shapes circular, rectangular, or square, can weaken the structural elements significantly. The effect of change the number and the location of these openings in the horizontal direction of the reinforced concrete beams on behavior is investigated in this study. For this reason, nine reinforced concrete beams are constructed and tested byperforming a four-point bending experiment. One of these beams is beam without gaps as reference. The other beams have circular openings with different numbers and locations. The test results clearly show that the load-carrying capacity, deflection, and energy assumption of the specimen decreased significantly as the number of openings increased and the location of the openings approached the support. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Fatma POYRAZLI; Sümeyye AYDOGAN TÜRKOĞLU, Derya BABACAN, Feray KÖÇKAR Abstract: The highly conserved Kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) gene family, encoded by the largest set of protease genes in the human genome, consists of 15 serine proteases. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA-KLK3) is the most well-known and biomarker member of tissue kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases. Others are human glandular kallikrein 2 (KLK2) and KLK4 (KLK-L1, PRSS17, AI2A1, ARM1, EMSP, EMSP1, PSTS TMPRSS2 and prostasis). Given the structural similarity between PSA and other KLKs, the potential role of remaining family members as cancer biomarkers has been extensively investigated in recent years. In our study,the expression of KLK4 in PC-3/LNCaP (human prostate carcinoma), HEP3B (human hepatocellular carcinoma), HT-29/SW480 (human colon carcinoma), and HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cell) cell lines was studied at the mRNA and protein level. KLK4 mRNA and protein expression were found in all studied cell lines and its expression is high in androgen-dependent prostate cancers (LNCaP), which is also consistent with the literature. In addition, a high level of KLK4 expression was found in HT-29 cellsthan SW480 cells which are different stages of colon carcinoma cell lines, and this high-level expression is correlated with cancer progression. It is thought that the results of our study will be guided in the selection of cells for cancer studies targeting the regulation of KLK4. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Halil KUYRUKCU Abstract: We study the case in which the five dimensional theory is the transformed Weyl–Yang–Kaluza–Klein gravity. The dimensionally reduced equations of motion are derived by considering an alternative form of the main equation of the theory in the coordinate basis. The conformal transformation rules are applied to the invariants. We also discuss the possible specific cases and the new Lorentz force density term, in detail. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Samet ÇIKLAÇANDIR; Yalçın İŞLER Abstract: In addition to the follow-up of daily and some sportive activities, motion analysis is used in many areas such as musculoskeletal system diseases, fall and impact injuries, musculoskeletal diseases, and prosthesis applications, in the stages of diagnosis, treatment, preoperative planning, and post-treatment recovery. At this point, instead of simple devices to measure joint angles, real-time movementrecording devices are becoming increasingly important. On the other hand, real-time capturing technologies are relatively costly. Therefore, in this study, a portable and low-cost alternative electronic goniometer device that can monitor joint angles in real-time can operate wirelessly has been developed, implemented, and tested. The accuracy of the device was tested in two ways. First, this device and a mechanical ruler recorded joint angle measurements at the same time. In this way, the joint angles of 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees to both elbows and knees of 14 subjects were recorded and compared using the single-sample t-test. Then, this device and an optoelectronic-based commercial device recorded real-time movements of the patients. The Pearson Correlation method was utilized to test the similarities of these real-time records. The software of IBM SPSS v24 was used in these statistical analyses. As a result, no statistically significant difference in all measurements between the developed system and the mechanical goniometer was detected (p>0.05), and a very high correlation between the devices and the Optitrack device was determined. Moreover, it is concluded that the correlation is increased, in real-time tracking measurements, by means of the Kalman filter. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Zeynep ALGIN; Erdal ÖZBEBEK, Sümeyra GERGİNCİ, Kasım MERMERDAŞ Abstract: The basalt fibre utilisation in Slurry Infiltrated Fibre Concrete (SIFCON) production has been studied to investigate how the durability and mechanical properties of SIFCON are affected by the basalt fibre replacement with steel fibre. Steel fibre with a length of 30 mm and the basalt fibre having a length of 24 mm are used in the SIFCON mixtures with the replacement ratios of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% by volume. The extensive laboratory studies have been conducted to specify compressive strength, flexural strength, sorptivity, water absorption, acid attack and Bohme abrasion resistance in terms of the basalt fibre replacement variation. The results reveal that the increment in basalt fibre replacement ratio decreases the compressive strength and the capillary water absorption while increasing the water absorption values. No significant change in the flexural strength is observed up to 50% basalt fibre utilisation and lower weight loss values are specified in this range for the SIFCON samples exposed to acid solution. The highest Bohme abrasion resistance is identified for samples having the basalt fibre replacement ratio of 25%. The results signifies that the basalt fibre utilisation provides advantages considering the variations in flexural strength, physical and chemical degradation. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Ender BÜYÜKGÜZEL; Utku ATILGAN Abstract: Various pesticides are used to prevent, control or reduce harmful organisms that affect the yield of agricultural products. The uncontrolled and excessive use of these chemical substances poses a danger to both the environment and all living things. In order for the chemicals used in the management against harmful insects to be effective, the physiological effects of these substances on model organisms must be well known in laboratory conditions. In this study, Drosophila melanogaster was used as a model organism, and the oxidative effect of penicillin G, which has an antibacterial effect as an alternative to insecticides, on the insect and changes in antioxidant capacity were investigated. 100 mg/L of penicillin G concentration compared to the control, statistically significantly increased the MDA content from 8.39 ± 2.65 nmol/mg protein to 18.92 ± 3.22 nmol/mg protein in the 3rd stage larva of the insect. It was determined that the amount of protein carbonyl in the 3rd stage larvae increased to 1539.69 ± 286.45 nmol/mg protein in 400 mg/L diet and it was statistically significant. Compared with the control group, a statistically significant increase in GST activity in the larval stage was detected at 100 mg/L. 400 mg/L of penicillin G concentration in the pupa and adult stages of the insect, the CAT activity was determined as 547.58 ± 55.56 µmol/mg protein/min, 242.24 ± 42.85 µmol/mg protein/min, respectively. was significantly higher compared to the control. A statistically significant increase was observed in the lowest amount of penicillin G (100 mg/L) in the SOD activity in the pup stage. Compared to the control group at 400 mg/L, GPx activity was found to increase approximately twice in the pup stage. With the results obtained, it was determined that Penicillin G caused significant changes on antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers in different stages of the insect. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Elif DEMİRKAN; Tuba SEVGİ, Aynur AYBEY, Halime KOCAKURT Abstract: Eisenia fetida is abundant and vital member of the soil environment. The coelomic fluid they secrete help their physiological activities. This liquid, which they release during stress, also has a significant effect on soil health and ecotoxicity. In this study, some biological properties of coelomic fluid were investigated. For this purpose, 3 bacteria were selected from coelomic fluid, they were identified based on the 16S rRNA sequence and 2 of these were similar to Bacillus cereus and 1 to Bacillus thuringiensis. When the enzymatic activities inthe coelomic fluid were controlled, the presence of lipase, cellulase, amylase, protease, phytase and arylsulfatase activities were detected. The antibacterial effects of the coelomic fluid was investigated against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. According to the results, it showed inhibitory effects on test bacteria. Additionally, the thin layer chromatography results showed the presence of glucose and maltose in the coelomic fluid. Protein pattern of fluid showed five clear protein bands in the range of 17–46 kDa. With this study, some biological properties of coelomic fluid have been revealed, and will shed light on future studies. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Füsun Şeyma GÜNGÖR Abstract: Enaminon compounds have a wide range of applications in synthetic organic chemistry. Especially in recent years, many studies have been conducted on organic syntheses containing enaminone and their catalytic applications. In this study, secondary enaminone compounds were synthesized with high yield and in a short time from the reactions of tertiary enaminoketone and enaminoester compounds and aromatic amines in water with FeCl3.6H2O as a catalyst. In the method, the reactions were carried out in the water and an organic solvent was not needed. Performing the reaction in water resulted in increased reaction yield. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Muzaffer ATEŞ; Muhammet ATEŞ Abstract: Today, the qualitative behavior of dynamical systems is a very important subject of control theory. Based on this, we consider the stability and instability properties of the equilibrium points of Chua’s circuit under suitable conditions by the Lyapunov direct method. This method gives us qualitative information directly without solving the given systems. From this circuit, we construct suitable energy or candidate Lyapunov function and then apply the method as a tool to investigate the global asymptotic stability and instability of the system. We also determine under which conditions the system behaves as a chaotic system or a memristor. In this study, we realized that an unforced dissipative dynamical system with bounded initial states has zero solution or motion at infinity. Some simulation results and examples are given to verify the obtained theoretical predictions PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
Authors:Ayşe SALMAN Abstract: Matching Ontologies becomes an important task for many applications in Semantic Web. This paper investigates effective similarity match between ontologies by considering similarity on two levels. We first consider the similarity of the linguistic properties of the ontology entities which takes in consideration both morphological and semantics of the entities. This is then combined with measuring the similarity of the ontology structure as represented by RDF graph. This similarity is derived by constructing a graph from thematched nodes and use it to calculate the measure of structure similarity. PubDate: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +030
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