Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Science and Technology, Volume 13, Number 2Kshitiz NayyarMany people see a Business Analyst's profession as the pinnacle of success. Business analysts are in high demand across various industries, including the nonprofit and government sectors. The position's tasks and duties contribute to the expansion of the business in several ways. They may be in one of the most coveted positions in the company, but it doesn't make being a change agent any less challenging. After all, there are certain to be difficulties in performing this position's duties. Successful candidates will be up-to-date on industry developments, articulate both orally and in writing, adept in problem-solving, and able to analyze and connect with customers and stakeholders. Additionally, the road is frequently difficult, with several obstacles an individual might not have anticipated. Let's talk about seven difficulties that business analysts confront and how to overcome them.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Science and Technology, Volume 13, Number 2Kshitiz NayyarThe Business Analyst's function is to acquire information from numerous sources, examine it, and then report its findings to the company's upper management. Because of the monotony and human error inherent in such a continuous procedure, Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has grown increasingly relevant in recent years. With RPA, tasks are simplified and completed faster. This program can complete tasks more quickly and precisely. A human doing the task would take into account diverse sources, assess them, and report throughout. Managing massive datasets will be significantly less labor-intensive.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Science and Technology, Volume 13, Number 2Ghulam Mustafa, Paul Chappell, Paul Chappell, Paul ChappellFilamentous growth in the aeration tank of the Secondary Water Treatment Plant (SWTP) can easily be detected by calculating the Sludge Volume Index 30 (SVI30). Once detected, an application of 12.5% sodium hypochlorite @ 15 L/hour effectively reduced 71% of filamentous bulking after 12 days. It was recommended not to use sodium hypochlorite for more than 10-12 days because it will kill microorganisms present in the aeration tank of the SWTP. However, sometimes filamentous bulking is not the cause due to the increased SVI30, and the increased value of SVI30 can be misleading due to the processes of nitrification and denitrification in the aeration tank and the clarifiers. It was concluded after the 33 days trial that despite the fact SVI30 was high, no filamentous bacterial growth was seen under the compound microscope. High values of nitrate (29 ppm) were found in the aeration tank and clarifiers causing solids to float on the surface due to nitrification and denitrification. Nitrogen (N2) gas pushed and assisted the solids to float up on the surface of the clarifier. At this stage, SVI30 of 136 mL/g was observed. It was found due to the denitrification and nitrification processes in the aeration tank. Reduced airflow through the air blowers helped to decrease the nitrification process in the aeration tank of the SWTP. Almost no literature is available on the miss conception that increased SVI30 is always due to filamentous bulking.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Science and Technology, Volume 13, Number 1Kshitiz NayyarRobotic Process Automation (RPA) stands for creation, deployment, and management of software robots that mimic human movements when engaging with digital systems and programs. Software robots, like humans, can comprehend what's on a screen, type in the correct sequence of keys, find their way through complex systems, recognize and extract relevant data, and carry out a broad variety of predetermined tasks. The future of RPA has even more promising for improving the outputs in different industries. As a result of the ongoing social distancing requirements and rising economic pressure, RPA usage is evolving. To keep up with the new normal, businesses use this technology to increase productivity, streamline processes, and provide a better digital customer service experience. Robotic process automation (RPA) is all about executing digital operations that are repetitive in nature and can be broken down into smaller, rule-based tasks. Adopting RPA allows businesses to get past challenges like the need for a 4-eye authentication process, the prevalence of errors in transitioning process, the inefficiency of principle, and time-consuming back-office procedures, all while improving operational productivity and overall performance across the board.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Science and Technology, Volume 13, Number 1Enoch Anbu Arasu PonnuswamyAdversarial attacks on artificial intelligence (AI) systems have become an increasingly concerning issue in recent years. These attacks involve intentionally crafted input data to deceive or manipulate the output of the targeted AI model. Adversarial attacks have been demonstrated across a wide range of AI applications, including image and speech recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous vehicles. Such attacks can have significant impacts, from compromising the security of sensitive systems to causing physical harm in critical applications. In this article, we explore the concept of adversarial attacks on AI systems, provide examples of real-world attacks, and discuss the impacts of such attacks. We also examine some of the common defense strategies against adversarial attacks, as well as emerging methods for improving the robustness of AI models.
Abstract: Publication year: 2023Source: Science and Technology, Volume 13, Number 1Ravi Prasad BurraThis paper is a non-empirical study that explores the role of different leaders and their styles of leadership in the global environment. By comparing the difference in leadership from now to the past decades, there was a huge difference, which brought and proved the change with innovation and rapid evolution of the business in the global environment. In this study, the role of different leadership styles and their significant effect on the global environment has been discussed by performing qualitative research on the current issue of the differences in the lead globally. This in-depth analysis can help future leaders who wish to develop desired their careers as leaders in the global environment.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Science and Technology, Volume 12, Number 1Sylvia Mulenga, Simon TemboThere has been a notable decline in postal services offered by Designated Postal Operators (DPOs) globally. The Designated Operator in Zambia, namely Zambia Postal services Corporation is no exception. This study proposed to understand the status of ZAMPOST and how Information Communications Technology (ICTs) have impacted its operations and activities. ZAMPOST is among the large entities in Zambia with its operations distributed across the entire country; therefore a decline in services could lead to potential loss of revenue and potential job losses. The study adopted a mixed methodology, which included qualitative and quantitative representation of questionnaires distributed among 273 randomly selected respondents. These were distributed using online means and hardcopies. The use of online method of distribution assured a wider reach of selected respondents. The data collected was analysed using excel and SPSS. Structured interviews were also undertaken with key stakeholders such as ZAMPOST and ZICTA. The study revealed that critical services offered by ZAMPOST have increasingly lost popularity as shown in the declining volumes of the services offered. The study further revealed that ZAMPOST’s attempt at adopting ICTs in its service provision has the potential to improve its positioning on the postal sector market in Zambia. The study also recommended critical services that could be integrated with ICTs to offer versatile and efficient services.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Science and Technology, Volume 12, Number 1Moïse Lawin, Arouna Ogouchôni LekoyoDespite the established roles of governance and ICT in development, the literature on good governance has not yet given the link between quality official statistics (quality information) needed for good decision making and good governance a research interest worth examining. The objective of this study is to examine how ICT development complements the development of official statistics in influencing governance outcomes in 33 African countries for the period 2010-2019. Governance outcomes are measured by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation's Governance Index. The ICT Development Index is constructed using the principal component analysis method while the Statistical Capacity Index is derived from the World Bank database. The regression model used is the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results show that there is a causality between the capacity of African statistical offices to produce and make available the data and information needed for good decision-making and governance on the one hand, and a causality from ICT development to statistical capacity and from ICT development to governance on the other. The estimation results show that the net effect on governance is positive, significant and large when the development of official statistics is accompanied by the development of ICT. Overall, the results suggest that investments should be made in both ICT development and official statistics production for good decision making, better governance and socio-economic development in Africa.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: Science and Technology, Volume 11, Number 1Wahaj Ahmad Khan, Mikiya DemissieFlood hazard has long history in Dire Dawa which is surrounded by the catchment of highland as well as low land. The city has been repeatedly devastated by flood disasters in the past. The main objective of the project is to estimate the peak Runoff and to assess flood mitigation measure. To achieve this objective, different prevention methods are used by using structural and non-structural approaches. Arc GIS 9.2 software is used to get soil type and land use, SCS curve number to get maximum run off, sieve analyses to know the grading characteristics of soil. It is concluded that the majority of soil particle are well graded, however there is also an indication of poorly graded soil. There is an effect of erosion and scouring. The monthly rainfall data analysis shows that, during the last 66 years from 1952 to 2017, the maximum values of monthly rainfall is calculated as 271.9 mm and the mean average value as 92.1mm. An increase in rainfall intensity, in association with other factors such as land-use change, increased population settlement along the river bank in the downstream area have contributed to raise the risk level of flash floods. The peak flood runoff as well average runoff has been estimated using soil conservation curve number method. The average value and peak value of runoff are 9.94 mm and 33.9 mm respectively. In addition to this, the maximum runoff is found in Cambisol soil. The mitigation has done by selecting appropriate structural and nonstructural approaches. The design and analysis of Groyne and retaining wall is done and selected for controlling and regulating the river bed configuration for effective and safe movement of floods and river sediments.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: Science and Technology, Volume 11, Number 1Md Rahimullah Miah, AAM Shazzadur Rahman, Jorin Tasnim Parisa, Mohammad Abdul Hannan, Md Shahariar Khan, Alamgir Adil Samdany, Alexander Kiew Sayok, Shahriar Hussain ChowdhuryToday’s world is a mixture of science with innovative technology. Everyone uses this innovative technology, but none can know its impact in daily life. Coronavirus is the discovery from innovative sensor technology, which the scientists identified through ISNAH Experiment at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Malaysia. The study is the pioneer for identification of root causes of coronavirus from PhD research. The innovation was called the ISNAH (Impact of Sensor Networks towards Animals and Human beings) in the year of 2018, which was then declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Coronavirus in 2020. The experiment was tested on dogs and cats and later on human beings with processed wireless sensor technology at fixed GPS positions. The effects of ISNAH were yawning, hiccup, sneezing, runny nose, hypnosis, flatus and severe acute respiratory syndrome, which compared to symptoms of Coronavirus. This is a type of tracking sensor disease, which is so treacherous that anyone can be damaged by its effect at a fixed GPS location. From this research, the scientist created a formula, was called ISNAH Effect, as: “Due to the active sensor technology, every human, animal or object is affected by the processed radio frequencies of its movement through electromagnetic transmission within the boundary of the body in the GPS or GNSS Coordinates. This effect is proportional to its weight factors and disproportionate to its GPS positions and GNSS distances. As a result, the person, animal or object is damaged by the fluctuated waves and for recovery systems, the living object should change instantly from the existing location with tightly closed eyes”.
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