Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 12, Number 1Vitaly VodyanoyNew molecular recognition signatures based on the terahertz/acoustic coupling that is complimentary to present infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) technologies are described. They can provide increased detection, protection, decontamination, diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. The system can provide increased discrimination of biological in complex environments. It is remote, fast, requires no labels or reagents, and it is very specific. This work will provide a better understanding of the fundamental acoustic/optical properties of DNA. This will provide a theoretical model of acoustic/optical coupling in DNA.
Abstract: Publication year: 2022Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 12, Number 1Abdullahi S. B. Gimba, Luqman B. Umdagas, Abdu Zubairu, Velisa Vesovic, Khadija S. Ibrahim, Ikechukwu OkaforNatural Gas (NG) is receiving increased attention as world energy source due to its low environmental impact compared with other fossil fuels. NG is commonly shipped between continents as super-cooled liquid known as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). In over forty years of LNG shipping between continents, no carrier has experienced a total loss of containment. Notwithstanding, it is paramount to understand and predict the consequence of a spill either due to accidental spillage or deliberate sabotage. Several models have been developed that describe the LNG spill scenario both on land and water. Spills on water generally result in larger pools than land spills because they are mostly unconfined. Modeling of LNG spills on water is inherently difficult because the phenomena is very complex and the experimental basis is acutely limited. The complexity is particularly apparent when estimating the evaporation rate of LNG released on water. Most of the proposed models are hugely simplified, for instance, many overlook the influence of turbulence effects; consequently, unable to adequately capture real-life scenarios. In this work, we proposed a model that describes LNG spill on water that also accounts for the effects of turbulence. Simulation studies of LNG (50,000 kg) indicates a maximum pool radius of 80m in 95 seconds assuming ‘calm’ conditions; while the pool completely vaporized in 125 seconds, corresponding to a heat transfer coefficient of 465 W/m2K. Considering the turbulence effects, the pool vaporized in 60 seconds and heat transfer coefficient of 215 W/m2K, indicating about 50% overestimation of vaporization time. In the model validation, an average of 10% deviation in LNG mass boil-off of our simulation from experimental data was obtained, thus signifying a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 11, Number 1Tarek Fekry, Amal A. AbdElaziz, Shaden Muawia, Yahya M. Naguib, Hany Khalil, Mohamed F. SalemSelenium (Se) is a critical micronutrient for a variety of human health issues, included cardiovascular health, neurodegeneration and cancer prevention, and appropriate immunological responses. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) was measured in the culture medium of Pleurotus ostreatus at concentrations of 2.0 mg/L, 5.0 mg/L, 10.0 mg/L, 20.0 mg/L, 40.0 mg/L, and 60.0 mg/L. It is great worthy to mention that as the concentration of Se increased, the amount of biomass produced. At a Se concentration of 20.0 mg/L, biomass reduced from 5.56 g/L in the control to 3.20 g/L, whereas production was entirely suppressed at concentrations of (40.0 and 60.0) mg/L. Even though colony diameters were nearly comparable in the control and media enriched with the lowest three Se concentrations, biomass output was lower at all three Se concentrations compared to the control.
Abstract: Publication year: 2021Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 11, Number 1Md. Rahimullah Miah, AAM Shazzadur Rahman, Alamgir Adil Samdany, Shahriar Hussain ChowdhuryBackground: Coronavirus is the most pressing scientific puzzle in the 21st century. This is a pandemic spreading globally through exploration of various wireless sensor networks. Yet Medical authorities are facing the obnoxious ever-increasing causes of coronavirus as a very global turning issue. Aims: The study aims to outline the scientific model for recovery of coronavirus disease with comprehensive follow-up and services. Methods: A dynamic scientific model was established in connection with recovery of coronavirus disease. This model identified the COVID-19 patients who need boosted follow up to recover with dynamic community cares. Sensor data were collected from the patient's profile, diagnosis and complication records at light and dark environments. Results: The study demonstrates total 150 patients suffered from coronavirus disease and stayed at home isolation within optical GPS locations. In a light environment, all patients recover from coronavirus disease due to wireless sensor network isolation, changing their GPS locations instantly with tightly closed eyes and wearing anti-radiation sunglasses, and also clothe with black uniforms in the whole body. The obese patients required long time to recover in dark environment in comparison with others. Replication: The findings replicate the coronavirus disease recovery for dynamic health security that the physicians provide on the priority of strategy, mental health service, innovations, potentiality and personalism. Conclusion: Scientific healthcare sensor knowledge is indispensable for recovery of coronavirus disease. The study reveals the implementation of sensor network approach to patients with coronavirus disease recognizing those with augmenting physical, technological and mental healthcare requirements. The study suggests future research trajectories of a new alternative sensor network isolation model to promote global public health security.
Abstract: Publication year: 2020Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 10, Number 1Samrawit Yilma, Heidi Busse, Derese Tamiru Desta, Fikadu Reta AlemayehuMalnutrition is one of the public health problems in Ethiopia. Households relying on fishing for their livelihoods are assumed to consume more fish than none fish producing households. Thus, fish producing households are expected to have better nutritional status compared to none fish producing households. However, this assumption is not well studied and there is limited evidence about the consumption and the nutritional outcomes of fishing in and around Hawassa city. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and compare fish consumption, dietary diversity and nutritional status of reproductive aged women from fishing and non-fishing households in Hawassa. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 804 reproductive age women both from fishing and non-fishing households. Women from fishing households were selected by purposive sampling technique and from non-fishing households’ simple random sampling were used. Data were collected by personal interview using structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Levels of fish consumption were determined from reported frequency by the participants. Household food security status was assessed using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Minimum dietary diversity and Body Mass Index (BMI) were determined to assess nutritional status. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Statistical significance was declared at p=0.05. The result shows that women in fishing households were consuming fish more frequently than from none fishing households (p
Abstract: Publication year: 2020Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 10, Number 1Rafeza Khatun, Mamunur Rashid, AHM Khurshid Alam, Young-Ik Lee, Md Aziz Abdur RahmanThis paper represents comparative phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of available Mikania species (family-Asteraceae) in Bangladesh with folkloric reputation. These species are Mikania cordata (MC), Mikania micrantha (MM) and Mikania scandens (MS). The ethanolic extract (70%) of the selected plants were tested for total phenolics (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferrous reducing capacity (FRC), DPPH free radical scavenging assay (DRSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) and hydrogen peroxide Assay (HPSA). The TPC of MC, MM and MS were 456.3±0.08, 271.2±0.80 and 168.1±0.83 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract and TFC were 672.8±0.76, 349.5±0.97 and 152.8±0.76 mg of catechin equivalent/g of dry extract, respectively. The data indicated that MC contained higher amount of TPC and TFC followed by MM and MS. The TAC and FRC were in the following order: MC> MM>MS. In DRSA, the IC50 of MC was 11.50 μg/mL which was comparable to standard ascorbic acid (10.01 μg/mL) followed by MM (19.76 μg/mL) and MS (36.39 µg/mL). Same results were observed for HRSA and HPA where MC showed the most potent inhibitory activity. The TPC of MC was also positively correlated (p< 0.001) with DFSA, HRSA and HPSA. The findings conclude that Mikania cordata possesses highest antioxidative phytochemicals compare to others available mikania species, justifying the frequency of use in traditional folk medicine in Bangladesh compared to other species.
Abstract: Publication year: 2019Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 9, Number 2Hillary M. O. OtienoPotatoes are attacked by numerous pests and diseases in the farmer fields with high potential to cause low to high yield losses. The direct and indirect nature of impact and the ability to attack at the fields and stores make potato tuber moth the most important pest in the production of potatoes. Moreover, the capacity of pathogens to have a wide range of host plants and ability to live in the soil make diseases such as Bacterial wilt, Late blight, and Verticillium wilt difficult to offer effective and lasting management solutions. For farmers to sustainably manage these constraints, the control must begin right from the initial stage of selection of fields and planting materials- all these must be free of pests and diseases. During production, farmers should manage these pests and diseases through improved soil and nutrient management and chemical application. Use of chemicals should be done with much care to avoid pollution and effect on beneficial organisms that would otherwise cause ecological imbalance.
Abstract: Publication year: 2019Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 9, Number 1Salah H. Abid, Saad S. Mahmood, Yaseen A. OraibiThe aim of this paper is to design a feed forward artificial neural network (Ann) to estimate one dimensional noisy Asymmetric dynamical map by selecting an appropriate network, transfer function and node weights to get noisy Asymmetric dynamical map estimation. The proposed network side by side with using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as transfer function is used. For different cases of the system, noisy Asymmetric Logistic noisy Asymmetric Logistic -Tent and noisy Asymmetric Tent-Logistic, the experimental results of proposed algorithm will compared empirically, by means of the mean square error (MSE) with the results of the same network but with traditional transfer functions, Logsig and Tagsig. The performance of proposed algorithm is best from others in all cases from Both sides, speed and accuracy.
Abstract: Publication year: 2019Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 9, Number 1E. C. Merem, Y. Twumasi, J. Wesley, M. Alsarari, S. Fageir, M. Crisler, C. Romorno, D. Olagbegi, A. Hines, G. S. Ochai, E. Nwagboso, S. Leggett, D. Foster, V. Purry, J. WashingtonIn the last several years, the degradation of natural areas has been occurring at an alarming proportion. Open spaces that provide habitats to different life forms are being degraded because of improper management practices, contamination, and the desire to sustain societal needs for housing, transportation etc. In the process, habitat loss stands as one of the most significant threats to biodiversity and a major environmental problem facing society. In the literature, the loss, degradation and alteration of habitats are the primary factors responsible for the global disappearance of rare species of wild animals and plants. While some may assume that habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity are problems of species rich developing nations, it has become a serious problem in the United States (US). In the state of Mississippi, most of the bottomland hardwood forests and significant portions of thousands of acres of wetlands and streams have been degraded because of sedimentation and agricultural runoff fueled by intense farming activities. Notwithstanding previous mitigation measures, there has not been a substantial effort to examine these issues alongside current initiatives in habitat conservation in Mississippi. To fill that void, the paper examines the issues in wildlife habitat conservation as well as current initiatives with emphasis on the trends and factors using mixscale methods built on integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and descriptive statistics. On the one hand, the temporal profile from the results point to changes in the form of gains and declines in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) land areas with the Central and Northeast region outpacing the Southwest zones of the state coupled with degradation. On the other, GIS mapping of change, not only showed the concentration of vast natural areas dispersed statewide, but pinpointed clusters of habitats slated for restoration and mitigation. With changes attributed to unsustainable land use practices, policy lapses, limited education and poor monitoring, community efforts remain in high gear among stakeholders to ensure habitat protection. Accordingly, the paper proffered solutions based on the need for conservation, adherence to best management practices, education and support for local participation.
Abstract: Publication year: 2019Source: Frontiers in Science, Volume 9, Number 1Mario Everaldo de SouzaTaking into account a very solid quark compositeness model, based on the electrical charge densities of the nucleons found by R. Hofstadter, R. Herman, L. Durand and R. R. Wilson in the early 1960s, from which a new quantum number is deduced, and the experimental data on the Higgs boson obtained by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations, this article shows that these collaborations have already seen the charged Higgs-like bosons by means of the WW channel. The data also imply that the charged and neutral Higgs-like bosons have similar masses, and that the Higgs-like bosons have odd parity like the other fundamental bosons of Nature. The ratio between the productions of charged to neutral Higgs-like bosons is calculated.
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