Open Access journal ISSN (Print) 2224-3186 - ISSN (Online) 2225-0921 This journal is no longer being updated because: the publisher no longer provides RSS feeds
Authors:Trisiwi Wahyu Widayati et al. Abstract: In managing and organising the development of wild animals for humans, many actors have been involved. The involvement of actors in promoting conservation and all related saving environment has been weak and un-ruled. The objective of this study was mapping, and providing apparent involvement of stakeholders related to actor characteristics, resources used, power-interest created, and contribute to wild animal conservation using the concept of stakeholder and institutions relationships. This research aims to distinctively map and provide apparent involvement of actors or stakeholders concerning their contribution towards wild animal development in West Papua. As many as 15 institutions were interviewed according to the roles and resources of individuals working formally and informally. The parameters collected include the structure, status of law, and types of the organisation and stakeholders' role, effect, importance, threat, and turn-back impact. The data gathered include shared resources, power-interest actors, and interventions-innovations. All data were stored in a Microsoft Excel worksheet and exported to software SNA version 2.5. Research findings showed several significant and strategic characteristic typologies and resources belong to actors for national, local, and grass-root levels. The interest and power embedded into actors determined how intense and severe an actor works in establishing the programs and projects. We inventoried shared resources, duration of the period played by actors, continuity resource roles, power of resources, and intervention needs. Keywords: wild animal, stakeholders, Actors, Social Network Analysis, West Papua DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/15-1-06 Publication date: February 28th 2024 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:BEKELE BASSA BADACHO Abstract: Taro (colocasia esculenta L. Schott) of the family Aracea is a staple food throughout subtropical and tropical parts of the world. The objectives of the study were to investigate proximate composition and level of selected minerals: Na, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Co in Boloso-1 and shishiya taro varieties from three kebeles of the study areas. Oven dried flour of samples were prepared from both taro varieties. Samples were digested in wet digestion using 5mL of HNO3 and 5mL of HClO4 for 2hrs at variable temperature in Topwave microwave digester. The quantity of minerals was analyzed using Flame Photometer and GFAAS. Proximate analysis revealed by percentage (%): Dry matter (94.17 ±0.05 and 93.78 ±0.32), moisture (5.83 ±0.08 and 6.22 ±0.03), ash (4.58 ±0.04 and 3.42 ±0.2), fiber (2.59±0.03 and 1.83±0.92), fat (0.46± 0.01and 0.56±0.01), protein (5.06±0.08 and 4.16±0.09), Carbohydrate (81.64±0.19 and 83.81±0.21) and energy (350.99±0.08 and 356.95±1.02), minerals in mg/100g: K (35.53±3.11 and 33.43±1.55), Na (7.51±2.09 and 11.62±1.38), Mg (41.19±0.81 and 41.74±0.78), Fe (7.03±1.11 and 6.49±0.16), Cu (2.31±0.1 and 2.39±0.02). Zn (17.8±2.45 and 12.43±1.14) and Co (0.28±0.02 and 0.37±0.01 were in Boloso-1 and shishiya taro varieties respectively. Low fat content, higher carbohydrate and energy content were recorded in both taro varieties. Both taro varieties were rich in K and Mg when compared to other minerals. However, Co was found to be lowest in both taro varieties. Keywords: Aracea, Colocasia, Functional properties, Mineral contents, Proximate, Taro. DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/15-1-01 Publication date: January 31st 2024 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Werkissa Yali Abstract: With the worldwide human population growing rapidly, agricultural production must increase to satisfy crop demand. Improving crops through breeding may be a sustainable approach to extend yield and yield stability without intensifying the utilization of fertilizers and pesticides. Current advances in genomics and bioinformatics provide opportunities for accelerating crop improvement. The increase of third-generation sequencing technologies helps overcome challenges in plant genome assembly caused by polyploidy and frequent repetitive elements. Recent remarkable innovations in platforms for omics-based research and application development provide crucial resources to market research in model and applied plant species. A combinatorial approach using multiple omics platforms and integration of their outcomes is now an efficient strategy for clarifying molecular systems integral to improving plant productivity. Furthermore, crop databases that integrate the growing volume of genotype and phenotype data provide a valuable resource for breeders and a chance for data processing approaches to uncover novel trait-associated candidate genes. As knowledge of crop genetics expands, genomic selection and genome editing hold promise for breeding disease-resistant and stress-tolerant crops with high yields. Furthermore, the promotion of comparative genomics among model and applied plants allows us to understand the biological properties of every species and to accelerate gene discovery and functional analyses of genes. Bioinformatics platforms and their associated databases also are essential for the effective design of approaches making the simplest use of genomic resources, including resource integration. This paper reviews recent advances in research platforms and resources in plant omics alongside related databases and advances in technology. Keywords: breeding, crops, genomics, bioinformatics, database, omicsresource DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/15-1-02 Publication date: January 31st 2024 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Tolera Fikadu Abstract: The study was conducted at Keramile protected open forest of Goro-gutu district, Eastern Ethiopia, with the objective to examine the effects of tree species on the above ground aboveground biomass yield and ground cover of the herbaceous plants. Three tree species, Podocarpus falcatus and Juniperus procera from indigenous and Cupressus lusitanica from exotic tree species were used. Twenty large trees from each tree species, a total of 60 trees were selected purposively and 480 samples (four quadrats under and outside canopy in four directions for each tree) of herbaceous plants were collected. The results of the current study showed that tree species, canopy cover and their interactions had significant (P<0.05) influence on herbaceous plant above ground aboveground biomass yield and ground cover. The herbaceous plants differed in terms of above ground aboveground biomass yield and ground cover between the three tree species and canopy types. The herbaceous plant above ground aboveground biomass yield and ground cover were significantly (P<0.05) higher under P. falcatus than to J. procera and C. lusitanica trees, while no significant differences were (P>0.05) found between J. procera and C. lusitanica trees. The above ground aboveground biomass yield and ground cover obtained outside canopy was significantly higher than under canopy cover of the three tree species examined. The overall result showed that tree canopy cover strongly decreased aboveground biomass yield (P<0.0001) and ground cover (P<0.0001) of the herbaceous plants. The increased above ground aboveground biomass yield and ground cover of herbaceous plants in the outside canopies in the current study indicates that the presence of these tree species in the study area could increase the vulnerability of the herbaceous plant community to future disturbances, such as climate events. Generally, tree species, canopy cover and their interaction had negative impact on ground cover and aboveground biomass yield of herbaceous plant, in Keramile protected open forest, Goro-gutu district, eastern Ethiopia. Therefore, integrated forest and herbaceous plant management and conservation is crucial in Keramile protected open forest, Goro-gutu district, eastern Ethiopia and areas receiving similar practice. Keywords: Tree Species; Outside Canopy; Inside Canopy; Aboveground Aboveground biomass Yield; Ground Cover DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/15-1-03 Publication date: January 31st 2024 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Aman Gudeto Abstract: Evaluation and demonstration study was conducted at Gerbi kebele of Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha district on young Borana bulls with the objectives of evaluation and demonstration of bulls fattening technologies at on-farm level. One farmer’s research extension group (FREG) was formed for fattening the bulls. Twenty bulls were purchased from Borana zone by farmers for the fattening trials. Two feeding treatments (T1= Grazing + 20% crushed maize grain + 45% wheat bran + 35% Noug cake and T2 = Grazing + 65% wheat bran + 35% cotton seed cakes) were evaluated. The animals were randomly assigned for dietary rations and data on live weight change of the animals were taken using weight chart tape (developed by JICA project). Final body weights, total weight gain and average daily weight gain of the bulls were not significant (P>0.05) among the treatments. Bulls fed on treatment one attained an average daily weight gain of 0.83kg; while bulls fed on treatment two gained 0.76 kg per day. Total gross margin of treatment one (53,154.5 ETB) was higher than treatment two (49,467.75 ETB). Cost-benefit analysis indicated that feeding option number one (T1) is more economical as compared to bulls fed on T2. However, fatteners can use any of the feeding options depending on availability of the ingredients in their area. Keywords: Borana bulls, Cattle fattening, Export market weight, technology demonstration DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/15-1-04 Publication date: January 31st 2024 Issue No:Vol. 15
Authors:Abdullahi Goni Abstract: The increase in prevalence rate of liver diseases in developing countries necessitate the search for alternative therapies to prevent such ailments. This research work evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of methanol stem bark extract of Parkia biglobosa in Wister rats. The toxicity of the extract was analyzed using oral LD50 determination in two phases. In the first phase nine rats were divided into three groups of three rats each and administered with 10 ,100, and 1000mg/kg of extract while in the second phase, four rats were grouped into four groups of one rat each, and were orally administered with 2000mg/kg, 3000mg/kg, 4000mg/kg and 5000mg/kg, the rats were observed for sign of toxicity and death within 24 hours. For the hepatoprotective study, 25 rats were grouped into five groups (GI – GV) of five rats each. GI served as normal control, GII served as CCl4 control, GIII, IV and V were administered with the extract at a dose of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 150mg/kg body weight respectively for two weeks. At the end of the second week, the rats from groups II, III, IV and V were attempted to be induced with liver damage using 120 mg of CCl4 administered subcutaneously. The animals were euthanized after 24 hours of CCl4 administration and liver function indices were assayed. The result showed oral LD50 of the extract to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. A significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in the mean serum ALT, AST and ALP of extract administered group in dose dependent pattern compared to GII. This shows that the extract may protect hepatocytes against CCl4 hepatotoxicity. Keywords: CCl4; hepatoprotective; liver function indices; Methanol and Parkia biglobosa DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/15-1-05 Publication date: January 31st 2024 Issue No:Vol. 15
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