Authors:Mesfin Hundessa Abstract: Application of different rates and sources of N fertilizers significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced the entire crop parameters tested except stand count and ear length at both testing sites. The significantly different and maximum grain number per ear (410), 1000 grain weight (276 gm), and grain yield (4033 kg ha-1) were obtained from the application of the lowest N rate (46 kg N ha-1). Maximum grain number per ear (376), 1000 grain weight (216 gm) and grain yield of maize (3653kg ha-1) were received from the application of the lowest rate of N from urea stable (urea treated with urease inhibitor).The agronomic efficiency of N responded positively to the applications of the low rates of N fertilizer from urea stable (46 kg N) applied at planting where the maximum agronomic efficiency (34.63) at Adamitulu and (17.52) at Meki were recorded from plots treated with 46 kg N ha-1 of urea treated with urease inhibitor (urea stable). The maximum apparent recovery (AR), partial factor productivity (PFP) and agronomic efficiency (AE) of N was obtained from the lowest rate of N from urea stable (urea coated with urease inhibitor) applied at periods of planting at both study sites. On the other hand, the highest physiological efficiency (PE) of N was observed at 92 kg of N from urea stable applied at time of planting at both study sites. The study shows that the highest economic benefits were recorded from the lowest rate of N (46 kg N ha-1) from urea stable. Hence the maximum net benefits (30368.9 birr) with MRR of (461%) were recorded from the lowest rate of N (46 kg N ha -1) from Urea stable at Adamitulu. Similarly, at Meki, the maximum economic response was received from the application of the low rate of N from urea stable where maximum net benefits (27286.9) and MRR (369.34%) were obtained from the application of 46 kg N ha-1 at planting time. Therefore, 46 kg N ha-1 of urea treated with urease inhibitor is recommended for farmers to maximize their production of maize at Adamitulu and Meki areas. Keywords: urea stable, Nitrogen use efficiency, maize DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/14-2-01 Publication date: January 31st 2023 Issue No:Vol. 14
Authors:Tamirat Haile Chankallo Abstract: The overall objective of this study was to understand the Species composition & relative abundance of medium and large sized mammals in Woyde Woshe Community Reserve forest areas. Systematic Random sampling design frame were employed to ensure the representativeness of the study population by sampling the total area of the forest. Transect line varies from 1-2.1km long were sampled. Besides direct methods, indirect methods such as faecal droppings, fresh tracks, carcass or shell count, den (burrow), hair, and digging were used. An ecological study on medium and large mammal’s species has been carried out from January-March for dry season, & June–August for wet season. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. 17 mammalian species belonging to six orders & eleven families of medium and large sized mammals were identified in WWCRF. The species recorded were The majority of the mammalian species in the area were Papio anubis was the most abundant followed by, Cercopithecus pygerythrus, Colobus guereza, Cercopitheus neglectus, Sylvicapra grimma, Crocuta crocuta, Potamochoerus larvatus, Hystrix Cristata,Traglaphus Scriptus, Orycteropus afer, Oreotragus oreotragus, Genetta feline, Lepus habessinicus, Felis Caracal, Panthera paradus, Felis Serval , & Canis adustus. Seasonal variation in the number of species of medium & large sized was significantly different (p<0.05). A total of 532±10 & 362±7 medium & large sized mammals were counted during wet & dry seasons, respectively. Therefore, i suggest that to protect both nature & wildlife protection the important steps is studying on mammals and sustainable income generating strategy for local community to solve management problems of anthropogenic. Keywords: Alpha Woreda , Bala Barsa Woyde, Community Reserve forest, Gamo Zone, Kucha Woreda, Relative Abundance, Mammals, Woyde Woshe DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/14-2-02 Publication date: January 31st 2023 Issue No:Vol. 14
Authors:Wasihun Alemnew Abstract: Agriculture is available and essential sector to create employment opportunity. The majority of the youth in Ethiopia live in rural areas where farming has been traditionally the main source of livelihood. Strengthening of seedling production was initiated to promote Avocado in Ethiopia. Youths in these areas benefitted in terms of income source and employment opportunity by producing improved avocado seedlings. The project was implemented in three districts (Soro, Aleta wondo and Shashemene) of Ethiopia. Jajura site from Soro district, Belisto Kebele from Aleta wondo and Kuyera from Shashemene were selected to conduct improved Avocado seedling produce. Job opportunity was created for 37 youths (27 female and 10 male) and their skill and knowledge on the Avocado seedling grafting techniques and nursery management improved. Majority of youths have knowledge and skill on bed preparation, seedling care, grafting and avocado improved varieties. Improved and grafted avocado seedlings were accessed for the surrounding farmers in affordable price. Nursery considered as business source in the study area. The fruit supply system has already started to scale up and out beyond the study sites, calling for strong support of the intervention. It is therefore believed that, in addition to district, zonal and regional level offices, the Ethiopian agricultural research institute will be strongly involved in regulating these efforts. Keywords: youth, success story, Avocado seedling nursery DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/14-2-03 Publication date: January 31st 2023 Issue No:Vol. 14
Authors:Yohannis Begna Chimdessa Abstract: Ethiopia is a country with a wide range of biological species, primarily huge mammals. The main priority for maintaining animal resources is protected areas, which also help a country's economy grow. A great variety of biological species, particularly enormous mammals, can be found in Ethiopia. Protected areas should be given top priority for protecting wildlife resources because they also boost a nation's economy. They do, however, struggle to meet the needs of both people and animals. Even though most communities believe they are protected, even when places and species benefited from conservation initiatives, the lack of incentives made locals less inclined to support them. Maintaining protected areas is crucial to biodiversity conservation because it makes it impossible to sustainably utilize animals for development. Therefore, mitigating and preventive strategies for conservation measures are needed in order to manage wildlife in a sustainable way. Keywords: conservation, management strategies, wildlife resources, challenge, threat. DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/14-2-04 Publication date: January 31st 2023 Issue No:Vol. 14
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