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Abstract: It seems that talk of dignity is everywhere. In my first formal study of dignity in 2009, I noted a marked uptick in interest in the subject during the latter half of the twentieth century. Since then, the enlargement of appeals to dignity is even more striking. The idea is now constantly referenced in everyday Western moral and political debate and news coverage. It is featured in all kinds of institutional policies, codes of conduct, and handbooks, especially in the areas of health care. And the number of scholarly articles and books published on the subject over the past decade is impressive, to say the least.Whether all this increased talk has been productive is far less obvious. I argued in 2009 that scholarly ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The principal goal of Alex John London's (2022, xvii) For the Common Good is to "articulate a new vision for the philosophical foundations of research ethics" which "moves issues of justice from the periphery of the field to the very center." At the core of this new vision is an understanding of research as a "collaborative social activity between free and equal persons," which aims to develop the knowledge public institutions require to establish and maintain a social order in which people may set and pursue their plans of life (London 2022, 3). Clinical and social scientific research are not therefore morally optional activities, in London's view, but rather the way public institutions acquire the knowledge they ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: This issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal is doubly special; it's two special issues in one.The issue contains two articles honoring Dr. Robert Veatch, who passed away last year. Dr. Veatch was the founding editor of this journal, and remained its editor for twenty years, until I took over in 2011. He was also one of the first faculty members at the Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University, which he directed from 1989 to 1996. Together with other early members of the Institute, such as Tom Beauchamp and Edmund Pellegrino, he is considered one of the 'founding fathers' of modern bioethics. He played a pivotal role in turning bioethics into the interdisciplinary, conceptually rigorous ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: How ethics, science, and religion relate to each other has been at the center of Robert Veatch's work, and it is the focus of the conversation with him described in this paper. As he claims in his doctoral dissertation: "Science and values, at once so radically different and so intimately intertwined, have both staked irrevocable claims on my life" (Veatch 1971, vii).Veatch's academic training began with sciences at Purdue University. In 1961, he earned a BS in pharmacy, following in his father's footsteps (Fox and Swazey 1999, 1). He spent the next year at the University of California Medical Center, where he did research on neuropharmacology and received an MS in pharmacology in 1962. After a two-year hiatus ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: A few months before Robert Veatch died, I emailed him about a topic on which I knew he and I diverged: oaths by newly minted physicians. I wanted his perspective on incorporating a commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in rewritten oaths. I was in early conversations with leadership at my medical school about initiating this type of project. My inspiration came from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine's Class of 2024, which rewrote their oath to explicitly commit the next generation of physicians to racial justice, allyship with the LGBTQIA+ community, restoring trust with the public, and equitable health care (University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine 2020). I knew, of course, about ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Most people recognize that sentient, non-human animals (henceforth, "animals") have moral status; they matter morally for their own sakes. In addition, many people believe that human beings (or persons; see footnote 1) matter morally more than animals do.1 A prominent way to characterize this view is to argue that the interests of both humans and animals matter morally, while deontological protections or side constraints apply to human beings (or persons), but not to animals. Jeff McMahan (2002) described this view in terms of the twin claims that animals are "violable in the service of the greater good" whereas humans are "fully inviolable" (265).One version of this view maintains that the interests of humans ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Scientists and oversight officials generally take great care to ensure that human subjects do not suffer very serious harms from their involvement in research. The rare cases in which researchers cause human subjects to suffer severely or die prematurely have led to public controversy and the termination of studies or entire research programs (Steinbrook 2008). The situation is different, however, for research with nonhuman animal subjects. Although researchers and oversight officials strive to protect animal subjects from avoidable suffering, animals often experience severe pain and distress (usually followed by euthanasia) for scientific purposes (Carbone 2011). Some bioethicists, scientists, and animal welfare ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: "I begin to discern the profile of my death." This sentence from Marguerite Yourcenar's novel Memoirs of Hadrian (1951) has stuck with me over the decades. In checking the quote, I learned that this sentence from an early draft caught the novelist's attention, and encouraged her to write the book from perspective of the dying Roman emperor. Something of this magic – finding, in one's earlier thoughts, a key that unlocks a story – is at work in F.M. Kamm's Almost Over, a book constructed as a series of rigorous conversations with her own work, that of fellow American philosophers over the past 50 years, and with public policy, aimed at bringing the profile of death into view, considering how mortality shapes the ... Read More PubDate: 2022-11-08T00:00:00-05:00
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