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Abstract: As a class of drugs with a wide array of potential implications in health, spirituality, and creativity, psychedelics entered clinical research in the United States in the late 1940s (Rucker, Iliff, and Nutt 2018). Despite their non-addictive nature and the growing medical acceptance of their medicinal potential, a wave of widespread naturalistic use outside of the clinic, alongside stricter regulations for clinical trials, sparked their placement in the Drug Enforcement Administration's most restrictive, Schedule I category by the early 1970s with Nixon's Controlled Substances Act (Nutt, King, and Nichols 2013; Oram 2018, 9–10). The difficulty of obtaining permissions—alongside the chilling effect of professional ... Read More PubDate: 2023-02-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: In recent years, the topic of epistemic injustices (EI) in medicine has received increasing attention (e.g., Carel and Kidd 2014; Buchman, Ho, and Goldberg 2017; Crichton et al. 2017; Freeman and Stewart 2018). EI are the harms suffered by individuals when they are wronged as epistemic agents (i.e., in their capacity to acquire, share, or create knowledge), because of negative identity stereotypes (e.g., sexism, racism, neuronormativity, ableism, etc.), or social marginalization (e.g., lack of inclusivity in structures of power). Among this body of work, it has been convincingly shown that EI can happen in many ways in health care encounters and settings, and at different stages of medical research. One recent and ... Read More PubDate: 2023-02-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Over the past 20 years, health researchers, activists, and advocates have sought to reframe "obesity"1 as the result of "toxic food environments" rather than individual moral failings. Some argue that adopting an environmental account of obesity is essential to address racial health disparities in the United States, especially among Black Americans who have disproportionately high rates of obesity (Yancey, Leslie, and Abel 2006). For progressives, part of the appeal is the way environmental accounts shift blame away from fat Black people and other fat people of color who are already subject to racist stereotyping as immoral and irresponsible, and onto social, economic, and material environments. As Rachel Sanders ... Read More PubDate: 2023-02-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: All four of the articles in this issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal concern questions of identity and its ethical significance; all four frame and study identity in different ways, using different methodologies and literatures. The pieces by Emma Gordon and by Neşe Devenot and their colleagues both explore how artificially induced shifts in identity, from drugs or technology, can open up new ethical possibilities and worries. Anne-Marie Gagné-Julien's essay looks at mad identity, and the value of taking the mad community as a source of sense-making and self-interpretation that is robustly independent from medical sense-making. Finally, Megan Dean and Nabina Liebow examine how identities based upon ... Read More PubDate: 2023-02-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The human enhancement debate in bioethics considers the promises and pitfalls of using drugs and other technology to boost our cognitive performance, our moral motivation, and our emotional lives.1 For example, those interested in the cognitive enhancement debate investigate the extent to which the use of nootropics might count as cheating (especially in academic settings),2 attempt to predict the longer-term impact of enhancement drugs and brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) on inequality,3 and ask whether becoming more intelligent reliably promotes well-being.4 Meanwhile, some advocates of moral enhancement believe that such interventions might be necessary to avert pressing existential threats, while other ... Read More PubDate: 2023-02-11T00:00:00-05:00
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