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Abstract: This special issue explores recent developments in digitizing borders, cities, and landscapes. Our focus is on the relationship between state authority and new kinds of technologies for demarcating lines of national citizenship and territory. Datafication is happening at multiple levels of governance, from national, regional, to city departments. And the differential impact on marginalized groups is evident throughout.One only has to look at government spending to see the buildup of infrastructures for datafication. In the US, for example, the state has invested heavily in data-driven systems for its global War on Terror, especially since 9/11. Notable is that this process has involved a tightening partnership ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Near the US-Mexico border, almost seventeen thousand US border enforcement officers weave together visual observation (enhanced by night vision), craft knowledge, direct questioning, and physical action with information from technologies such as remotely operated cameras, motion sensors, radar, air observation, and past and predictive data analysis of shifting interdiction patterns. These surveillance practices, applied to the US-Mexico borderlands, include not just outlying deserts and mountains but also numerous small and large settled communities. They include not only enforcement ostensibly aimed at unauthorized migrants immediately at the border but also enforcement occurring during legitimate passage through ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: When Donald Trump signed Executive Order No. 13,767 in January 2017, also known as the Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements Order, he emphasized the importance of a physical wall to support his anti-immigrant political strategy. Critics of the wall, especially those in the Democratic Party, countered by claiming that a physical barrier would be ineffective. Instead, top Democrats argued that funding should be directed toward a high-tech virtual border. Notably, Illinois senator Dick Durbin told television viewers in January 2019 that Donald Trump's plan to build a concrete wall along the US-Mexico border was an antiquated solution to a twenty-first-century problem. Durbin insisted, "If we're ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The promise of manifesting optimal futures through data and technology animates smart city projects. Frequently, it is in the wake of complex administrative challenges that governments and their private industry or academic collaborators posit data-driven technologies as a way forward—a path toward collective and connected well-being, economic opportunity, civic engagement, and administrative efficiency. These better futures are augured through newly datafied phenomena that are enabled through material infrastructure (e.g., cloud platforms) and epistemic infrastructure (e.g., data science practices). The revelatory potential of data purports improved understandings of past and present events and thus more ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The weekly internal police reports from the Xinjiang Public Security Bureau—the state ministry responsible for policing and detention facilities throughout the Muslim-majority area of China's Central Asian border region—start with a standardized section on "enemy intelligence."1 This section of the neighborhood-level reports shared by civil servants, assistant police, and formal police with internal security clearance features a discussion of "push clues" (tuisong xiansuo) from the prior week. These push clues are alerts that a given police precinct had received from the regionwide digital policing platform to investigate specific Muslim citizens—particularly Uyghurs—registered in the precinct's jurisdiction. The ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: There are plenty of metaphors to describe the Internet and its implications. We have heard that "data are the new oil" and they are stored in the "cloud." Some say former US vice president Al Gore dubbed the Internet the "information highway." And it is not uncommon for one to say that social media is like a "town square." As with most things, some metaphors are better than others, and some are straight out misleading. Once in a while, though, we stumble upon a metaphor that is not only functional but also intriguing and compelling. In this new book, Jessa Lingel explains through the gentrification metaphor how we got the Internet that we have now, what is bad about it, and what could be different.Lingel recognizes ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: "What's that you're reading'" my server asked as she placed my drink down. I had an hour before the next train and a review deadline to meet, so I chose to sit and read in a local pub. Holding up the book so she could see its front cover, I explained to the server that I was reading about how digital technologies are changing the state of publishing. "Oh," she exclaimed. "I wouldn't give my Kindle up for the world. Have you read Martha Wells's All Systems Red'" The next hour was filled with lively conversation about e-books, selfpublishing, and tablet-based children's books, with my book sitting between us, unread.This book was John B. Thompson's Book Wars: The Digital Revolution in Publishing, which I carried with ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The field of digital history has been dominated since the early 2000s by a "technologically adept group of historians operating in an eternal present, both ignoring and being ignored by the histories of the field of which they should have been a part," writes Adam Crymble in Technology and the Historian. Crymble aims to "challenge our professional blind spot by putting technology at the center of the field's own narrative for the first time" (2). By providing a history of the impact of technology on historians' work, Crymble offers common ground for a diverse and fragmented field that has been notoriously hard to define while encouraging an "ever closer union" (10) between historians.Crymble's perspective as an ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: When I sat down to read Michelle Caswell's newest book, Urgent Archives, I didn't expect her to call on archivists to participate in "mischief-making," but I'm here for it. Caswell says: "I wish more archivists would join me in . . . mischief-making, collectively and strategically" (101). This mischief-making encompasses the energy and joy of critiquing and dismantling archival studies, chipping away at tradition, and imagining new, more equitable archival spaces.Urgent Archives is situated firmly in the field of critical archival studies and focuses on active archival work, which Caswell also calls "liberatory memory work." Liberatory actions in memory work to "center oppressed communities, using records and ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Despite digital media's ubiquity, there has been little examination of the computer's history as a visual rather than procedural device. In Image Objects: An Archaeology of Computer Graphics, Jacob Gaboury remedies this by tracing the development of computer graphics during the thirty years before the technology's proliferation in popular visual culture. Drawing on media archaeology, he chronologically inspects five "image objects": an algorithm, an interface, an object standard, a programming paradigm, and a hardware platform. Gaboury's amalgamation of images with objects attempts to direct attention to the ways that materials constrain computer visualizations and how the digital informs the physical. Through its ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: The narrative around big data has been largely shaped by a quest for certainty built upon expectations of algorithmic efficiency, perfect predictive models, and strategic decision-making. However difficult to attain, these cyberutopian visions of objectivity, order, and control have directed countless technocultural experiments with the unprecedented mass of data, information, and content found online. This book, by contrast, emphasizes the value of uncertainty, using a feminist postmodern perspective to read unknowns, flaws, errors, and instabilities as generative moments of learning and critique. It does so by centering the debate on big data around a rich tradition of archival research and practice, with its ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: Anyone who has been single during the last decade will be at least cursorily familiar with the affective dimensions of dating apps (the excitement, disappointment, and inevitable miscommunication). Many have exclaimed over the negative impact of these technologies on romantic love. Tom Roach's Screen Love: Queer Intimacies in the Grindr Era provides a reparative reading of one of the most popular and infamous hookup apps: Grindr, the geosocial app primarily used by men seeking men.1 In this book, Roach argues that virtual cruising is a way to imagine connection "beyond the paradigms of biopolitical identity and neoliberal relationality" (63).Roach builds on his previous book, Friendship as a Way of Life: Foucault ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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Abstract: How are problems of poverty transmuted into problems of technology' How do we come to naturalize connections between technological advancement and greater societal equity' These questions are at the heart of The Promise of Access: Technology, Inequality, and the Political Economy of Hope by Daniel Greene. Drawing on multiyear fieldwork in and around the District of Columbia (DC) metro area, Greene takes a fresh, hard look at how poverty-reducing policies in the United States are shaped by ideas around technological access and use and how those policies and ideas in turn shape the everyday lived experience of technosolutionism. Here, technological access is a material concern that we can see across vignettes ... Read More PubDate: 2022-06-11T00:00:00-05:00
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