JournalTOCs

Clinical Dentistry Reviewed
Number of Followers: 0

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Online) 2511-1965
Published by Springer-Verlag

[2469 journals]

Non-surgical laser therapy for periodontal and peri-implant disease
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  Abstract: Dental lasers have numerous applications for periodontal and peri-implant disease therapy which include non-surgical treatments, such as pathogen reduction, removal of surface accretions, and photobiomodulation; along with surgical procedures of soft tissue and osseous structures. A non-surgical protocol is the first approach, but surgery may follow to alleviate unresolved problems. This manuscript will describe how lasers can be utilized in this treatment.
  PubDate: 2022-05-04
Evolution and the difficulties of static guided periapical surgery
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  Abstract: With the help of modern diagnostic methods and advanced treatment options in dentistry, the success rate of endodontic treatments rose steeply in the last decades. If the orthograde approach does not eliminate the occurring symptoms, in the presence of a lege artis root canal obturation, surgical removal of the apex and the inflamed periapical tissues is used as a routine intervention. Innovations of implant dentistry and the presence of CBCT can offer a combined method to reduce the steps and make apicoectomy less invasive. The unique visualization provided by the CBCT and numerous planning software can improve the planning phase and precision of any kind of surgery. These methods are wide spread in implant dentistry nowadays. In the last decade, new publications have raised the option of targeted endodontic surgery. These publications included the option of pilot guides so as the recently introduced targeted surgeries with bone trephines. The digital workflow is similar to static implant guides, however with some differences and unique difficulties. These anatomical deviations can be solved using different approaches for the workflow including intraoral scanners and special impression trays. In this article, we summarize the evolution of static guided periapical surgery with its difficulties and technical solutions.
  PubDate: 2022-04-21
Computer-assisted imaging for virtual implant planning
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  Abstract: Acquiring reliable digital data from patient oral cavity is one of the keys to obtaining a precise outcome following virtual implant planning. For that means, clinicians need 2 types of data: virtual jaw replicas, delivered as surface scans, and medical images from hard and soft tissue anatomies. On one side, knowledge of bone topography and soft tissue thickness is undoubtedly necessary when planning implant surgery. Moreover, to improve diagnosis, CBCT studies can be imported into a computer to customize parameters such as: brightness, contrast, distance between slices and panoramic curve. Therefore, a universal medical language has been established to facilitate communication and image sharing processes: the DICOM file. On the other side, implant surgery should also be driven by a prosthetic plan. For that means, information from patient jaws is needed to set up said plan and fabricate a template to reproduce it. This information should come from virtual replicas of the oral cavity and not from CBCT images, as surface definition of tooth and mucosa tends to be poor in these studies; especially at the occlusal level. Moreover, metal restorations can cause great distortion over medical images whenever present in the oral cavity. Thus, surface scans obtained from optical scanners delivered as STL files, help overcome this issue. Correct merging of these two digital files (DICOM and STL) is another key factor to obtaining a precise outcome following virtual implant planning.
  PubDate: 2022-03-19
Oral health in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery
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  Abstract: Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment in morbidly obese patients and those who cannot lose weight employing traditional methods. However, it is associated with risk factors affecting oral health. Based on a review of the literature of the last 12 years, this study presents a summary of the oral complications after bariatric surgery and recommendations to effectively manage them. Patients after bariatric surgery are at higher risk of presenting dental caries, tooth wear and periodontal breakdown. A multi-disciplinary approach is necessary to perform a correct diagnosis of the oral status before surgery and develop subsequent prevention measures to minimize the oral complications after the procedure.
  PubDate: 2022-03-11
The zygoma anatomy-guided approach (ZAGA) for rehabilitation of the
atrophic maxilla
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  Abstract: A protocol to perform a prosthetically driven minimally invasive zygomatic osteotomy, named zygoma anatomy-guided approach (ZAGA) is introduced. The ZAGA method aims at promoting a patient-specific therapy by adapting the osteotomy type to the patient's anatomy. In most cases, this method avoids the opening of a window or slot into the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus before implant placement. Instead, a mucoperiosteal flap, including the posterior maxillary wall and the superior zygomatic rim, is raised to allow visual control of the complete surgical field. The surgical management of the implant site is guided by the anatomy of the patient according to specific prosthetic, bio-mechanic, and anatomic criteria. The ZAGA Concept represents the logical evolution of the extra-sinus technique and ZAGA classification previously described by Aparicio. The results of using the combination of the ZAGA Concept together with the new ZAGA implant designs consistently show less traumatic osteotomy; better implant stability; improved bone to implant contact, and bone sealing around the implant neck. Additionally, the rate of late complications such as oral–sinus communication or soft tissue recession dramatically decreases when compared to the original technique.
  PubDate: 2022-02-23
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-022-00116-7
Hydraulic calcium silicate-based materials for root canal obturation
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  Abstract: The hydraulic calcium silicate-based (HCSB) or often called “bioceramic” sealers-fillers are rapidly gaining popularity among clinicians due to their superior biological, physicochemical properties and simplified clinical application. In addition, these materials can be successfully used with different root canal obturation techniques. This article will shortly introduce and discuss the most popular fourth and fifth type of HCSB sealers-fillers for root canal obturation, focusing on their clinical properties, applicability, and advantages.
  PubDate: 2022-01-27
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-022-00115-8
Panoramic radiography in dentistry
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  Abstract: Panoramic radiography is an extraoral radiography modality that provides two-dimensional information about the teeth and the maxillofacial skeleton. It is a valuable adjunct for diagnosis and treatment planning as it facilitates one-time imaging of all teeth, the mandible, parts of maxilla including a large part of the maxillary sinus, hard palate and temporomandibular joints (TMJs). As a tomographic image is prone to errors and artefacts, a good quality radiograph in most patients can be achieved by following the standard rules and through proper patient positioning. In this article, we will discuss indications for panoramic radiography imaging, steps in taking the radiograph, as well as limitations, pitfalls and complications of the procedure. Tomographic imaging of temporomandibular joint is also discussed.
  PubDate: 2021-12-07
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00111-4
Preoperative implant evaluation and virtual treatment planning
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  Abstract: Preoperative patient evaluation and implant planning are required for dental implant surgery to be predictably successful. This article reviews necessary elements of the implant workup, including reviewing the patient’s medical history, performing hard and soft tissue evaluations, and assessing the alveolar ridges and dental arches. In addition, consideration is given to digital implant planning and surgical guide fabrication as means to simulate implant surgery preoperatively and then precisely execute that surgery clinically.
  PubDate: 2021-12-02
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00110-5
Correction to: Root canal obturation techniques with hydraulic calcium
silicate-based materials
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  PubDate: 2021-12-01
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00114-1
Self-assessment on evaluating a crown preparation utilizing digital dental
technology versus conventional direct supervision
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  Abstract: Learning to prepare teeth as dental students requires critical feedback to developing competent skills. Yet, the advice predoctoral dental students receive from various row instructors can be subjective. This creates confusion among students and their ability to learn correctly is ineffective. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness in evaluating crown preparations among 360 predoctoral dental students for self-assessment. An IRB exemption was obtained and an anonymous questionnaire via Qualtrics was sent to the second-year dental students in 2019. The survey evaluated a single crown preparation utilizing the conventional method of a prepared tooth on a typodont versus the digital method of evaluating a scanned preparation utilizing the color metric scale provided by the CEREC Omnicam software 5.1.3 (Dentsply Sirona, USA). Five parameters of a crown preparation were evaluated: occlusal clearance, undercuts, margin integrity, embrasure clearance, and facial plane reduction. The results indicated that dental technology proved to be a more effective method for evaluating crown preparations among dental students for objective learning and self-assessment compared to the conventional techniques under faculty supervision. Based on the results, digital dentistry proves to be more impactful to learning without creating confusion from biased evaluations. With technology advancing rapidly nowadays, dental schools need to stay current and incorporate methods of improving teaching and learning. Furthermore, this dental technology can also be utilized upon graduating dental school. Dentists in private practice may also use the CEREC software 5.1.3 to refine tooth preparations post-color metric analysis to avoid lab limitations when fabricating the crowns.
  PubDate: 2021-11-11
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00113-2
Root canal obturation techniques with hydraulic calcium silicate-based
materials
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  Abstract: Hydraulic calcium silicate-based (HCSB) or “bioceramic” sealers are widely used for root canal obturation and rapidly gaining popularity among general practitioners and endodontists. The premixed or fifth-type HCSB materials can be used with all root canal obturation techniques, such as cold lateral and warm vertical compaction or a single-cone technique. Meanwhile, the fourth-type HCSB sealers are sensitive to heat and desiccation, therefore suitable for cold root canal obturation techniques. Although all obturation techniques are equally effective and not superior to each other, the single-cone obturation technique is easier to apply, and is more time-consuming and clinically appealing in modern endodontics. This article will introduce and discuss the most popular HCSB sealers and root canal obturation techniques used in conjunction with these materials.
  PubDate: 2021-11-03
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00112-3
Correction to: Dynamic navigation in endodontics
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  PubDate: 2021-09-27
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00109-y
Behavior management and pain control in treatment of children with molar
incisor hypomineralization
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  Abstract: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) describes the clinical picture of more or less strongly hypomineralized first permanent molars with or without the involvement of permanent anterior teeth. In the meantime, however, MIH-typical substance defects were found on every possible tooth. Affected teeth can be hypersensitive. This hypersensitivity can only be treated when complete pain control is ensured. With the awareness of possible causes of hypersensitivity and the help of a correct behavior management and anesthesia technique as well as sometimes with the help of sufficient premedication and compassion for our patients, it should be possible to treat most of these hypersensitive teeth affected by MIH. With the therapy-appropriate formulations of the adequate anodyne, it is also possible to control the symptoms of chronically inflammatory MIH molars (pain protocol; pain algorithms). Sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen allows a more intensive use of behavior management techniques. As a last treatment option, the patient could be brought to rehabilitation under general anesthesia.
  PubDate: 2021-09-23
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00108-z
Intentional replantation
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  Abstract: Intentional replantation, a type of autotransplantation, is an endodontic procedure that involves intentional extraction of the tooth to be treated followed by its extraoral manipulation and replantation at its original site. This surgical procedure represents an alternative to apical microsurgery, but it is also useful for managing teeth that may be untreatable or difficult to manage, such as perforations or some type of resorption. It is essential that the clinician have a thorough understanding of the biological basis of this technique, as well as its main indications and the clinical procedure to follow in each scenario.
  PubDate: 2021-09-09
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00106-1
Dynamic navigation in endodontics
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  Abstract: Dynamic navigation (DN) is a promising technology designed to guide the placement of drills/implants in real time, based on information generated from the patient’s cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In endodontics, dynamic navigation is used for localization of calcified canals as well root-end resection surgeries. Treatment planning and surgery can be performed in the same appointment, based on data from patient’s cone-beam computed tomography. This technology allows safe, minimal invasive and predictable access opening, osteotomy as well as root-end resection.
  PubDate: 2021-09-05
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00107-0
Minimally invasive sinus lift using short implants
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  Abstract: The maxillary sinus lift, with and without augmentation, has proven to be a successful procedure for reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla. The minimally invasive sinus lift has reduced the potential complications and its use with traditional length implants has proven to be very successful. The advent of a minimally invasive sinus lift in combination with short and ultrashort implants shows long-term success and has allowed the surgeon to restore the severely atrophic maxilla. This combination is also less invasive and traumatic to the patient, is less time consuming and has a lower incidence of complications. It allows the surgeon to obtain a good long-term result usually at a reduced cost to the patient.
  PubDate: 2021-08-18
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00105-2
The quad zygoma approach for immediate rehabilitation of severe maxillary
atrophy
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  Abstract: The “quad zygoma” concept involves the insertion of four zygomatic implants, with adequate anteroposterior spread and correct inclination for the distribution of forces, as a means of rehabilitating patients presenting insufficient bone height in the anterior and posterior maxilla. The technique has been clinically tested using protocols for immediate function, obtaining promising short- and long-term results. Non-alveolar implants offer a predictable alternative to bone augmentation techniques in situations of severe alveolar atrophy. Other alternatives, like bone grafting procedures present certain complications derived from the technique itself and from the waiting times of the patients, which make alternatives such as zygomatic implants take more strength as a choice in patients with severe maxillary atrophies. Based on this, and in the literature and clinical experience, the use of four zygomatic implants with an immediate loading protocol is a viable option for rehabilitating patients with severe maxillary atrophy and appears to offer an excellent alternative to bone grafting procedures.
  PubDate: 2021-08-08
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00104-3
Palatal radicular groove an endodontic–periodontal lesion
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  Abstract: A developmental groove occasionally present on the palatel surface of maxillary incisors; may be deep enough to communicate with the pulp, causing pulp necrosis due to the invasion of bacteria; may contribute to isolated periodontal defects due to loss of attachment in the area. A brief review and a case presented in this paper.
  PubDate: 2021-07-26
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00100-7
The “First Nitrous Oxide Visit” in a pediatric dental practice
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  Abstract: The introduction of the technique of using nitrous oxide in children for anxiolysis is very different from that in adults where in it is extremely simple and straightforward. In children, anxiety, temperament, cognitive development, and behavior influence the acceptance of this technique. Therefore, the first nitrous oxide visit plays a decisive role in the success of nitrous oxide–oxygen anxiolysis in a pediatric dental patient. A parallel can be drawn between the role of the first nitrous oxide visit and the first dental visit.
  PubDate: 2021-07-23
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00101-6
Orientation of digital casts according to the face-bow arbitrary plan
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  Abstract: When planning prosthetic rehabilitation, several parameters should be considered. The craniomandibular relationship, the three-dimensional orientation of the occlusal plane and the perioral tissue are essential for functional and esthetical treatment results. The clinician records these parameters, and the dental technician reproduces all the information in a virtual environment though a digital articulator, simulating the mandibular movement and the occlusal contacts of the arches. Digital cross-mounting in prosthetic dentistry has become a reality, and three-dimensional facial scanning is increasingly used as a clinical tool. The development of software for use on smartphones and tablets is a valid low-cost approach to introduce face scans into daily routines. This article describes a procedure to orient intraoral scans in a virtual articulator through the acquisition of an arbitrary plane, used as a reference, recorded by a facial scanning device.
  PubDate: 2021-07-16
  DOI: 10.1007/s41894-021-00103-4