Abstract: Publication date: Aug 2021 Source:Advances in Diabetes and Metabolism Volume 9 Number 2 Ukwuani-Kwaja A. N. Nwaogu J. Abba A. and Yahaya M. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to abnormal insulin secretion, action or both. The synthetic available anti-diabetic drugs exhibited various adverse effects such as diarrhea, hypoglycemia. In recent years, scientists have turned their attention towards the medicinal plants which bear the rich source of metabolites which offer specific therapeutic function in the human body without any adverse effect. Sterculia setigera and Ficus platyphylla are medicinal plants that are used to treat various diseases and including diabetes traditionally. The present study is aimed at investigating the antidiabetic activity of the S. setigera and F. platyphylla methanol stem bark extracts. Phytochemical screening was determined using the standard method. In vitro studies were carried out using α-amylase and glycosylated hemoglobin inhibitory assay. The results of phytochemical constituents detected were flavonoids, Tannins, Steroids, Saponins, cardiac glycosides, Terpenoids, and Phenols. Inhibitory effects of both plant extracts were dose dependent against haemoglobin glycosylation and α-amylase. At highest concentration (25mg/ml), highest inhibitions were recorded in S. setigera (70.30%) and F. platyphylla (70.00%) which was comparable to Metformin (57. 2%). IC50 of Sterculia setigera (3.18mg/ml) and Ficus platyphylla (5.97mg/ml) were lower than metformin (8.84 mg/ml) against hemoglobin glycosylation. At concentration of (1.0mg/ml) S. setigera (72.21%) and F. platyphylla the (70.41%) showed the highest inhibitory effect which was not significantly different (p PubDate: Aug 2021
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2021 Source:Advances in Diabetes and Metabolism Volume 9 Number 1 Asharani N and Anagha Sridhar B Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia which on long standing results in microvascular and macrovascular complications. Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning diabetes mellitus are imperative to minimize the prevalence and morbidity associated with diabetes mellitus. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a teaching rural hospital among 100 known diabetic patients visiting the hospital for regular check-up. The self-administered questionnaire collected the data to assess knowledge, attitude and practices towards diabetes and knowledge determinant factors. Participant's socio-demographic characteristics including gender, level of education and duration of diabetes was reported using descriptive statistics. Mean and SD was used to express the age, anthropometric measurements, glucose levels and knowledge score. The response of knowledge, attitude and practice questions was expressed as frequency and percentage. The logistic regression analysis was done to determine the association between gender, age group, educational status and duration of diabetes with knowledge score. The level of statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. Results: Of the total 100participants, 52% were males and 135 were illiterate. 77% had good knowledge of diabetes symptoms, risk factors, complications, life style modifications and glucose monitoring. 77%, 88% and 76% had good knowledge, positive attitude and good practices respectively. The regression analysis showed increased odds of good knowledge among females [(1.552 (0.559 - 4.311)] and in subjects with diabetes of more than 5years [1.090 (0.278 – 4.264)]. Further the analysis showed that the knowledge on diabetes was poor as participant's age advanced [OR: 0.281(0.065 - 1.217) & OR: 0.199 (0.046 – 0.864)]. Additionally, there were increased odds of good knowledge in participants with increase in educational level. Conclusion: Majority of the participants had good knowledge, positive attitude and good practices, however there is still scope for improvement in the areas such as inclusion of regular exercise, periodic lipid profile analysis and eye examination. PubDate: Apr 2021
Abstract: Publication date: Apr 2021 Source:Advances in Diabetes and Metabolism Volume 9 Number 1 Raja Selvarajan Satyan M Rajbhandari and K Vijay Kumar Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder with high levels of glucose due to absolute insulin deficiency or relative insulin deficiency (insulin resistance) affects about 20 percent of adults in South Asia (SA) in the United Kingdom (UK). This is similar to that of urban Indian population, where the incidence is about 15 percent. Despite this, there is a scarcity of data comparing SA with that of the Indian urban community in the UK. Objective: The aim of the present study was to study the prevalence and differences of undiagnosed diabetes and associated risk factors between the urban adult Indian populations living in Bangalore and in South Asians residing in the UK. Materials and Methods: The general publics above age of 30 (adult) were encouraged to come for general checkup including capillary blood glucose test during public health events held at various town halls in UK. In the UK, nearly 230 SA adults were screened at 3 separate events held in Preston, Bolton and London. While in Bangalore, at 4 events were held at mosques and the community centres and 412 adult subjects were tested. Subjects known to have diabetes (DM) were analyzed separately from those that were not known to have diabetes (non-DM. Clinical monitoring of anthropometric data and random levels of capillary blood glucose were analyzed. Results: We found that 14.6 % and 42.7% of subjects had previously documented diabetes in the UK and India, respectively (P PubDate: Apr 2021
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