Abstract: Background:Adults with early-onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are an emerging high-risk population who may experience social challenges related to diabetes management.Objective:To explore the disclosure of T2DM and how disclosure affects diabetes self-management and the psychosocial adjustment to life with diabetes among adults with early-onset T2DM.Methods:A qualitative study was conducted using Systematic Text Condensation (STC). Data was derived from semi-structured interviews with 15 individuals with T2DM ≤ 46 years (10 women and 5 men) recruited from diverse settings using purposeful sampling.Results:Most informants disclosed their diabetes to a close relative shortly after receiving the diagnosis. This led to immediate emotional support and overall positive disclosure experiences. However, informants often hesitated to disclose their condition to others due to shame, fear of negative judgement or social exclusion. Over time, the majority of informants became more open about their condition, which often resulted in emotional and practical self-management support. Those most reluctant to disclosing their diabetes struggled with shame and negative diabetes-related emotions, which had negative effects on their diabetes self-management.Conclusion:Disclosure of T2DM seemed important for the social, emotional and practical management of diabetes among adults with early-onset T2DM. The disclosure was most often accompanied by feelings of shame and fear of condemnation. Professional guidance to support disclosure and interventions to address stigma may improve well-being and diabetes self-management in this population.
Abstract: Background:Recent epidemiological evidence points towards the potential association of vitamin D insufficiency with adverse metabolic risk and in the pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and other diseases. Vitamin D exerts its action in a variety of cell types through vitamin D receptors. No reports are available in the literature regarding vitamin D and vitamin D receptor status in prediabetics. The present study was planned to compare serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and vitamin D receptor (VDR) protein levels in prediabetic cases and normoglycemic controls.Methods:The present study was conducted in 80 persons who were divided into two groups, Study group (n= 40) comprised of diagnosed cases of prediabetes and control group (n=40) comprised of healthy normoglycemic controls. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum vitamin D receptor (VDR) protein was analyzed by sandwich enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).Results:Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in prediabetic cases as compared to normoglycemic controls [
Abstract: Background:In Mexico, type 2 diabetes prevalence is 13.7%, which has a huge impact on Mexican public health. There is an urgent need to focus on the prevention of pre-diabetes to decrease the likelihood of type 2 diabetes onset. Gene variants predisposed to increase Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels could be helpful for prevention purposes. This study aimed to analyze the association of the G6PC2 rs560887 variant with pre-diabetes in a Mexican-Mestizo population.Methods:A cross-sectional case-control study was performed in 960 Mexican Mestizos participants. The association of rs560887 with pre-diabetes was analyzed by logistic regression and with Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by linear regression.Results:The rs560887 variant was significantly associated with FBG (β -1.80, p=0.03), but not with HbA1c or the presence of pre-diabetes.Conclusion:The rs560887 loci could be a potential early marker of type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: Background: is a serine/threonine kinase that is involved in the storage of glucose into glycogen through the negative regulation of glycogen synthase. Defects in and glycogen synthase function are early stages of the development of insulin resistance, which may cause impaired glycogen synthesis in Type II diabetes.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, the gene expression level of from Type II diabetic and non-diabetic participants was compared real-time RT-PCR. To investigate the relationships between expression and indicators of insulin resistance, Pearson's correlation analysis was performed. To compare the differences between expression levels based on BMI categories, one-way ANOVA was used.Results:Gene expression of was slightly higher in diabetic participants compared to non-diabetics, but it was statistically insignificant. Also, no significant difference was found based on BMI categories in the two groups. No significant association between expression and indicators of insulin resistance was observed in non-diabetic participants. There was only a positive significant correlation between expression and FBS in diabetic participants.Conclusion:These results indicate that the regulation of may occur at the translation level, as gene expression level was unaltered between diabetic and non-diabetic participants. Also, since circulating levels of both glucose and insulin regulate activity, tissue specificity for the expression and post-translation regulations of may exist, which cause hyperactivation or overexpression in some target tissues in diabetes. Furthermore, it is probable that glycogen synthase activity is also regulated by non-insulin mediated mechanisms like exercise or allosteric changes, independent of expression.
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