 Subjects -> PALEONTOLOGY (Total: 43 journals)
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- A new stem-octopod (Coleoidea: Cephalopoda) from the Late Jurassic
Eichstätt Archipelago – juveniles or dwarfed adults'-
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Abstract:  A new stem-octopod (Coleoidea: Cephalopoda) from the Late Jurassic Eichstätt Archipelago – juveniles or dwarfed adults'Fuchs, Dirk; Heyng, Alexander
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. 1 - 14Abstract Teudopsinia grossheidei n. sp. from the Tithonian Eichstätt plattenkalks represents a new gladius-bearing species of the suborder Teudopseina (Teudopsidae), which is positioned as part of the octopod stem-lineage. This Late Jurassic record of Teudopsinia pushes the stratigraphic occurrence of the genus back by about 60 million years. None of the five recorded gladiuses is longer than 40 mm suggesting the specimens are either juveniles or dwarfed adults. The soft part morphology, specifically the relative arm length and putative gonads in the rear of the mantle, give conflicting ontogenetic information on the age of these squid-like octopods. The relatively short arms might indicate an immature life stage, while the absence of larger gladiuses combined with putative gonads indicate that the studied specimens represent adults of a very small-sized species.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Euthycarcinoid ecology and evolution
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Abstract:  Euthycarcinoid ecology and evolutionBraddy, Simon J.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. 15 - 30Abstract The diversity, ichnology, ecology and evolution of the euthycarcinoids, an enigmatic group of Cambrian to Triassic aquatic and amphibious mandibulate arthropods, is reviewed. Euthycarcinoids are stem myriapods and possibly evolved from juvenile fuxianhuiids via neotony; spawning in tidal pools, individuals acquiring sexual maturity early had a selective advantage. Euthycarcinoids first came onto land either to feed on early land plants, tidal infauna, algae or microbial mats or to scavenge dead animals washed up by the tide. Alternatively, it was to protect their eggs from aquatic predators or because they were left stranded on the tidal flats and migrated from pool to pool to maintain moisture. A new family, Apankuridae nov. is proposed for Cambrian taxa with a barrel-shaped preabdomen and six postabdominal segments. A Middle Cambrian putative euthycarcinoid from shallow lagoon or intertidal facies in Russia is reinterpreted as a phyllocarid crustacean. Cambrian and Siluro-Devonian euthycarcinoids average ca. 8 cm long, but taxa halve in size as they pass into the Carboniferous, probably due to competition. Potential synapomorphies of taxa include a mid-dorsal crest or carina, different length tergites, axial and pleural lobes, preabdominal epimera, postabdominal epimera, setae on the abdominal appendages, smaller posterior appendages, a longer telson and terminal moveable telson spine. Sottyxerxids are interpreted as more closely related to myriapods than euthycarcinids, due to their multi-segmented trunk and homopodous legs; a long ghost range (Silurian to Carboniferous) is predicted by their relatively poor fossil record. Kampecarids are interpreted as intermediate between sottyxerxids and myriapods, based on their legless collum and tail segments.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Frasnian crinoid associations of the Prüm Syncline
(Eifel, Rhenish
Massif, Germany) – biostratigraphic framework and
macrofossil
assemblages-
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Abstract:  Frasnian crinoid associations of the Prüm Syncline (Eifel, Rhenish Massif, Germany) – biostratigraphic framework and macrofossil assemblagesBohatý, Jan; Ausich, William I.; Becker, Ralph Thomas
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. 31 - 83Abstract Understanding the global impact of the upper Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis requires thorough taxonomic, stratigraphic, and facies studies of regional fossil associations. In this context, we studied upper Frasnian crinoid associations of the Prüm Syncline (Eifel Mountains, western Rhenish Massif, Germany) with respect to their stratigraphic age, facies setting, and associated macrofossil spectrum. A general faunal upheaval in crinoids during the upper Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis sets in sooner or later within different ecological niches and habitats. The most prominent Frasnian crinoid associations of the Prüm Syncline are coupled to biostromal/coral garden facies that locally reach the top of the intra-Kellwasser level. They appear as early as in the middle upper Frasnian and end in a refuge area at Wallersheim-Loch close to the Frasnian/Famennian boundary. They are replaced by a crinoid association not adapted to biostromes and that morphologically displays a “Carboniferous-type character”. In biostromal-distant facies, this association begins already within the upper Frasnian below the Lower Kellwasserkalk Horizon. The regional record of examined crinoid associations, therefore, shows no gradual decline of paleodiversity or reduced speciation across the Lower Kellwasser Event but a locally variable absence of specific crinoid associations. Further results are first records of the eucamerate crinoid species Melocrinites bialasi n. sp., of the flexible species Eutaxocrinus striatus n. sp. and Dactylocrinus beyrichi, of the inadunate species Haplocrinites(') granatus, of the eucladid genera Halocrinites and Glossocrinus(') sp., of articulated and probably pseudoplanktic eucladid crinoids (Embolocrinus quadruus) from the Lower Büdesheim Slate Member, of the spinose asteropygid trilobite Bradocryphaeus cf. echinatus and the otarionine genus Cyphaspis, and of the new goniatite “Manticoceras n. sp. aff. carinatum” from the Frasnian of the Eifel Synclines. Building on conodont and ammonoid age data, a new lithostratigraphic scheme for the Frasnian of the Prüm Syncline is proposed.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Austroborus cordillerae (Gastropoda), an uncommon Late Quaternary land
snail endemic to central Argentina-
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Abstract:  Austroborus cordillerae (Gastropoda), an uncommon Late Quaternary land snail endemic to central ArgentinaGordillo, Sandra; Boretto, Gabriella M.; Krapovickas, Jerónimo M.; Miquel, Sergio E.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. 85 - 100Abstract The Late Quaternary fossil record of the land snail Austroborus cordillerae (Doering, 1877), an endangered species endemic to the Córdoba province in central Argentina, is treated. In this context, this work provides novel information regarding its ancient distribution area, which would have reached its greatest development prior to the Last Glacial Maximum in the Pampa de Olaen area, and then would have retracted and become locally extinct. Furthermore, the scarce historical records and other recent evidence indicate that towards the end of the Holocene the species had a more reduced distribution compared to its Late Pleistocene distribution. Finally, a set of factors (climatic and anthropic) that could have acted over time causing the retraction, and perhaps local extinctions of this endemic snail, are discussed.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- New cecidospecies of Anoigmaichnus in the cystoporate bryozoan Fistulipora
przhidolensis from the upper Pridoli (Silurian) of Saaremaa Island,
Estonia-
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Abstract:  New cecidospecies of Anoigmaichnus in the cystoporate bryozoan Fistulipora przhidolensis from the upper Pridoli (Silurian) of Saaremaa Island, EstoniaVinn, Olev; Ernst, Andrej; Alkahtane, Abdullah A.; El Hedeny, Magdy; Al Farraj, Saleh
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. 101 - 107Abstract The ichnogenus Anoigmaichnus is redefined as a cecidogenus. A new bioclaustration Anoigmaichnus soervensis Vinn & Ernst csp. nov. has been identified within the cystoporate bryozoan Fistulipora przhidolensis from the upper Pridoli of Saarema Island, Estonia. The bioclaustration associated with this species features cavities with a smooth sheath made of host bryozoan’s skeletal material. Directly below the bioclaustration there is a Trypanites boring. The apertures of this bioclaustration shaft rise above the host’s growth surface, forming a well-developed apertural rim. Ordovician trepostomes typically exhibited up to four Anoigmaichnus bioclaustrations per colony, whereas Silurian cystoporates showed a prevalence up to ten times higher. It is conceivable that host bryozoan exhibited greater tolerance towards A. soervensis csp. nov. compared to other species of Anoigmnaichnus due to its potentially lower virulence. The polychaetes could potentially have been responsible for creating Anoigmaichnus bioclaustrations in Fistulipora.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- The abundance of Arachnostega in trilobite molds remained unaffected by
the climatic warming during the Ordovician in Baltica-
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Abstract:  The abundance of Arachnostega in trilobite molds remained unaffected by the climatic warming during the Ordovician in BalticaVinn, Olev; Almansour, Mansour I.; Farraj, Saleh Al; Hedeny, Magdy El
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. 109 - 116Abstract Arachnostega gastrochaenae Bertling, 1992 burrow systems are found in trilobite molds preserved in carbonate rocks from the Dapingian to upper Katian of Estonia. The average diameter of Arachnostega traces found in trilobites closely resembles those observed in mollusks from the Middle and Upper Ordovician in northern Estonia. Our data suggest a weak correlation between the size of the trilobite and the diameter of Arachnostega, implying that larger tracemakers may have somewhat favored larger skeletons. The abundance of Arachnostega in trilobite molds does not exhibit a decrease as the climate warms during the Katian of Baltica, whereas such a decline is evident in traces found in gastropod steinkerns. This scenario can be attributed to two distinct tracemakers with differing physiological characteristics but similar burrowing behaviors in the Ordovician of Estonia. One group resides in mollusk shells and shows sensitivity to water temperature, preferring colder climates, while the other inhabits trilobite shields and is less affected by climatic conditions.
PubDate: Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Mustelidae (Carnivora, Mammalia) from Południowa Cave (Sudety Mts,
Silesia, SW Poland)-
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Abstract:  Mustelidae (Carnivora, Mammalia) from Południowa Cave (Sudety Mts, Silesia, SW Poland)Marciszak, Adrian; Matyaszczyk, Lena
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. - Abstract Południowa Cave is a locality that has been known for more than 500 years. It was found during quarrying and destroyed in the 1970s. However, despite such a long period of knowledge about this site and its widespread recognition, only a limited information of vertebrate fossils from this cave was published so far. Here we present for the first time the data on the presence of at least two different faunal palaeoassemblages in Południowa Cave. The oldest faunal elements are represented by Baranogale helbingi and Mustela pliocaenica, together with the rodent Baranomys loczyi, the only Pliocene find in the Sudety Mts. The second assemblage is dated back to the early Middle Pleistocene and comprises Gulo gulo schlosseri, Meles meles atavus, Martes vetus, Mustela strandi, Mustela palerminea, and Mustela praenivalis. In the context of the Middle Pleistocene faunal turnovers, Południowa Cave provides valuable data from the Sudety Mts. This site located on the intersection of migration routes between Eastern and Western Europe allow understanding dynamic changes in the fauna of European mustelids.
PubDate: Wed, 07 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Sedimentology of the Beni Ider and associated Talaa Lakrah turbidite
successions of the Maghrebian Flysch Basin (Northern Rif, Morocco)-
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Abstract:  Sedimentology of the Beni Ider and associated Talaa Lakrah turbidite successions of the Maghrebian Flysch Basin (Northern Rif, Morocco)Koch, Heike; McCann, Tom
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. - Abstract Deep-water turbidite lobes constitute the most distal (sandy) elements within deep-marine depositional systems. Their development and evolution are controlled by a variety of factors, including both autogenic (e.g. compensation relief infill, lateral shift), as well as allogenic (e.g. climate, tectonic and ocean dynamics) forcing. Depositional environments within the Maghrebian Flysch Basin have largely only been broadly defined. This study is a detailed lithofacies analysis of the deep-marine sediments of the Beni Ider and Talaa Lakrah units and relates these deposits with Spanish equivalents (i.e. Algeciras Unit). Based on outcrop characteristics, eight sedimentary facies have been grouped into specific facies associations, leading to the recognition of four distinct lobe subenvironments present within the turbidite depositional system: lobe axis, lobe off-axis, lobe fringe and distal fringe. The pattern of occurrence of these subenvironments showed that autogenic processes were the predominant factor in sediment dispersal and lobe evolution within the Beni Ider and Talaa Lakrah units – with different processes being active in lobe development at different times in the basin history. Allogenic forcing, on the other hand, influenced other aspects within the Maghrebian Flysch Basin, in particular, sediment supply (both the amount as well as the type), as well as depositional relief.
PubDate: Wed, 07 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Upper Eocene (Priabonian) bryozoans from the Sambia
Peninsula of the
Kaliningrad Oblast (Russia)-
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Abstract:  Upper Eocene (Priabonian) bryozoans from the Sambia Peninsula of the Kaliningrad Oblast (Russia)Koromyslova, Anna V.; Mychko, Eduard V.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. - Abstract Priabonian (Upper Eocene) bryozoans from two members of the Prussian Formation, namely the ‘Blue Ground’ and the ‘Krant Ground’, of the Sambia Peninsula (Kaliningrad Oblast, Russian Federation) are described here. Due to modes of preservation, which include only undersides of zooidal frontal surfaces, colony molds or basal wall molds, all specimens from the ‘Blue Ground’, except one specimen belonging to 'Adeonellopsis sp. A, are identified only to the level of the order or the family and are listed in open nomenclature, i.e., Cheilostomatida, Lunulitidae s. str., and Cribrilinidae. The studied bryozoan assemblage of the ‘Krant Ground’ includes three cyclostomes, Cyclostomatida gen. et sp. indet., Mecynoecia cf. geinitzi, and ‘Berenicea’ sp., as well as two cheilostomes, i.e., Calpensia cf. polysticha and Lunulites cf. quadrata. All remaining poorly preserved cheilostomes are left in open nomenclature and are tentatively assigned to the genera Lunulites, Adeonellopsis, and Hippomonavella, as well as to the families Onychocellidae and Microporidae. The bryozoan assemblage of the ‘Krant Ground’ differs from that of the ‘Blue Ground’ in having the cyсlostome bryozoans, a large variety of the cheilostome bryozoans, but in laсking cribrimorph bryozoans. Bryozoans are uncommon in both assemblages.
PubDate: Wed, 07 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +000
- Fossil conifers from the Middle Jurassic of the Northern Caucasus, Russia:
female and male cones, leafy shoots and anatomically preserved wood-
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Abstract:  Fossil conifers from the Middle Jurassic of the Northern Caucasus, Russia: female and male cones, leafy shoots and anatomically preserved woodNaugolnykh, Serge V.; Mitta, Vasily V.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2024), p. - Abstract This paper deals with new findings of conifer macrofossils collected from the Upper Bajocian Niortense Zone of the Northern Caucasus (Karachay-Cherkessian Republic, Russia). The material studied is represented by cones, i.e. both male and female strobili, sterile leafy shoots and anatomically preserved wood. The female cone consists of seed-scales of triangular shape arranged in dense spiral order on the cone axis. Each scale bears one adaxially disposed ovule. The male cone consists of peltate microsporophylls with a distinctly attenuate upper tip. Each microsporophyll has at least two microsporangia disposed adaxially. Small round to ovoid pollen with granulate to scabrate surface are found in situ in the microsporangia. The leafy shoots are heterophyllous, with alternating zones of smaller and larger leaves, thus reflecting seasonality of the shoot growth. The coniferophyte wood found together with the cones and leafy shoots shows anatomical pattern typical of Araucariaceae, with characteristic bordering pits and specific pitting on the parenchyma rays cross fields. All of the studied remains demonstrate strong resemblance with the representatives of the family Araucariaceae, and thus can be preliminarily attributed to this family.
PubDate: Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +000
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