 Subjects -> PALEONTOLOGY (Total: 43 journals)
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- Clustered and injured Pseudogygites latimarginatus from the Late
Ordovician Lindsay Formation, Canada-
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Abstract:  Clustered and injured Pseudogygites latimarginatus from the Late Ordovician Lindsay Formation, CanadaBicknell, Russell D.C.; Kimmig, Julien
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 199 - 208Abstract Insight into how extinct animals responded to injuries developmental malfunctions and pathologies can be derived by examining malformed specimens. Trilobites are an ideal group for understanding how a completely extinct group of arthropods responded to and recovered from these conditions, as their biomineralised exoskeletons preserves malformations. Here we consider a slab containing eight individuals of the asaphid trilobite Pseudogygites latimarginatus from the Collingwood Member of the Lindsay Formation, Canada. Examining this slab, two individuals with malformations are documented. These malformations are considered injuries and used to demonstrate how P. latimarginatus recovered from failed predation attacks, allowing us to consider possible predator groups. The cluster is interpreted as possible evidence for an in situ biological aggregation that was preserved prior to a moulting event. Implications for this gregarious behaviour are considered, presenting more insight into the palaeoecology of Ordovician asaphid trilobites.
PubDate: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +000
- The Proetinae (Trilobita) of the German Silurian. 1. Plesiowensus,
Signatoproetus n.g., and Pulcherproetus-
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Abstract:  The Proetinae (Trilobita) of the German Silurian. 1. Plesiowensus, Signatoproetus n.g., and Pulcherproetus Basse, Martin; Schöning, Heinrich
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 209 - 254Abstract In the Silurian of Germany, the subfamily Proetinae is only found in Llandovery to Přídolí sedimentary glacial erratic boulders mainly north of latitude of 52° N, and in the Přídolí of the parautochthonous Herzynkalk Formation of the Harz Mountains. Plesiowensus (Wenlock), Signatoproetus n.g. (Wenlock and Ludlow) and Pulcherproetus (Ludlow and Přídolí) have been discovered in erratic boulders of the Laerheide deposit, Niedersachsen. Plesiowensus is represented here by two species, of which only Plesiowensus erraticus n. sp. can be clearly defined taxonomically. Signatoproetus includes some species that were originally associated with Proetus, but this is no longer appropriate subsequent to revision of its diagnosis. Related specimens from the Laerheide and other erratic boulders have to be referred to Si. spp. Pulcherproetus is widely distributed in German erratics, with the following new species: Pu. brandenborchnova n. sp., Pu. inexspectatus n. sp., Pu. laerheidensis n. sp., Pu. schranki n. sp., Pu. sutherbergensis n. sp. and Pu. trachyglossus n. sp. Pulcherproetus maennilae n. sp. from the autochthonous Ludlow of Estonia is based on the invalid lectotype of Proetus pulcher Nieszkowski. The Přídolí of the Herzynkalk Formation in the former classic outcrop Wiedabach, Harz Mountains, Niedersachsen, is rich in trilobites both in species diversity and numbers of individuals. The fauna is in need of taxonomic revision; its Proetinae only include Signatoproetus wiedae n. sp. The former neotype of Forbesia conspersa Angelin from Gotland is shown to be invalid and is replaced by a new neotype here.
PubDate: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +000
- An unusual occurrence of armoured mud balls from a deep-marine succession,
Numidian Formation, NW Morocco-
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Abstract:  An unusual occurrence of armoured mud balls from a deep-marine succession, Numidian Formation, NW MoroccoKoch, Heike; McCann, Tom
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 255 - 271Abstract Armoured mud balls have been found in the deep-marine succession of the Upper Oligocene to Lower Miocene Numidian Formation of NW Morocco. Such armoured mud balls are more commonly observed in fluvial and tidal environments, while their occurrence in deep-marine sediments is rare. The sandstone that comprises the armoured mud balls is compositionally-mature and lacks matrix. The highly quartzose Numidian material was transported across a narrow shelf and deposited by turbulent flows in a channel-related setting. Armouring of the armoured mud balls must have occurred prior to reaching the final depositional site, likely in a more proximal or nearshore area.
PubDate: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +000
- New records of Equus and Hippidion (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the
Late Pleistocene of the Salado River (Buenos Aires province, Argentina)-
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Abstract:  New records of Equus and Hippidion (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Late Pleistocene of the Salado River (Buenos Aires province, Argentina)Alberdi, Maria T.; Bonini, Ricardo; Bellinzoni, Jonathan; Gómez, Gustavo; Steffan, Pamela; Lucero, Natalia; Prado, José L.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 273 - 290Abstract The sedimentary sequences exposed along the banks of the Salado River (Buenos Aires province) preserve an important Late Pleistocene Megafauna. This paper describes new specimens of Hippidion and Equus from a Late Pleistocene locality near Junin City at the middle course of the Salado River. The comparative study with other horses from different South American localities, mostly from Argentina and Brazil, allowed identifying the specimens as Equus neogeus, Hippidion principale and Hippidion devillei. The coexistence of three species of the Equidae family at the same locality is found in several locations of South America. This deposit can be referred to as the biozone of Equus neogeus, which constitutes the biostratigraphic basis for the Lujanian stage/age. In the Pampean region, the Lujanian is considered to begin with interglacial conditions (EI 5e, 130 ka BP). At the same time, its final part coincides with the Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 18 ka BP), including the last glacial advance (13–11 ka BP). During these time intervals, fauna adapted to arid and cold conditions predominates that were compatible with the coexistence of three species of horses. Taxonomic implications of this finding and some regional paleoenvironmental history are discussed.
PubDate: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +000
- A new arthropod resting trace from the middle Cambrian of Texas
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Abstract:  A new arthropod resting trace from the middle Cambrian of TexasBraddy, Simon J.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 291 - 300Abstract A new arthropod resting trace, attributed to a phyllocarid crustacean, is described from the middle Cambrian (upper Miaolingian) Hickory Sandstone Member of the Riley Formation (Moore Hollow Group) at Crabapple Creek in Gillespie County, central Texas, USA. Minterichnus shieldi igen. et isp. nov. is preserved as small, isolated, bilaterally symmetrical hypichnia comprising two regions. The wider anterior region shows imprints of antennae, a rostrum, five thoracopods (walking legs) and at least five pleopods. The narrower posterior region terminates in a bilobed (furca) imprint and terminal (telson) imprint. Three specimens of M. shieldi occur on the base of a sandstone slab, deposited in a tidal channel or tidal flat environment, associated with a juvenile bivalved phyllocarid carapace and worm burrow, interpreted as either the same individual repositioning itself or as seperate animals crowded together, trapped in a tidal pool. These fossils were previously interpreted as the ventral surface of a chasmataspidid (Euchelicerata), representing the oldest record of this clade; the oldest unequivocal euchelicerates are now Ordovician horseshoe crabs.
PubDate: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +000
- Alopias grandis (Leriche, 1942) from the Miocene of Italy: insights on a
rare species of giant thresher shark-
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Abstract:  Alopias grandis (Leriche, 1942) from the Miocene of Italy: insights on a rare species of giant thresher sharkCollareta, Alberto; Merella, Marco; Nobile, Francesco; Peri, Emanuele; Bianucci, Giovanni
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 93 - 103Abstract Teeth assigned to the extinct shark species Alopias grandis (Lamniformes: Alopiidae) are described herein from two Miocene deposits of southern Italy, namely, the Burdigalian to Messinian Pietra leccese limestone and the Serravallian to Tortonian “Aturia level” of the Salento Peninsula (Apulia). This is the first published record of this rare species of thresher shark in Italy. The newly documented teeth from the “Aturia level” may represent the geologically youngest finds of A. grandis worldwide. Alopias grandis and the allied species Alopias palatasi (another giant thresher provided with coarsely serrated teeth) represent a palaeontological conundrum, as very little is known about their body aspect and palaeobiology, but they have been interpreted as larger-bodied, higher-trophic level sharks compared to their extant congeners. Here, we contend that these giant Alopias species contribute significantly to making the dental disparity of the Miocene macrophagous mackerel sharks higher than that shown by the extant lamniform stock, which in turn evokes peculiar mechanisms of trophic partitioning that are no longer at play today.
PubDate: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +000
- The occurrence of Gastrioceras in the Moroccan Meseta and mid‑Bashkirian
ammonoid palaeogeography-
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Abstract:  The occurrence of Gastrioceras in the Moroccan Meseta and mid‑Bashkirian ammonoid palaeogeographyKorn, Dieter; Rücklin, Martin
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 105 - 110Abstract The Late Carboniferous ammonoids Gastrioceras listeri (Sowerby, 1812) and Gastrioceras angustum Patteisky, 1965 are reported from Ighr ou Hammoud in the vicinity of Dechra Aït Abdallah (central Moroccan Meseta). The assemblage shows very close relationships to those from the South Portuguese Zone, the British Isles and the Rhenish Mountains, suggesting a contiguous epicontinental sea. These occurrences differ from those of the American Midcontinent on the species level within Gastrioceras, but much more prominently in the significantly greater diversity of the assemblages from Arkansas and Oklahoma. These differences are better interpreted as differences in environment than with palaeogeography.
PubDate: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +000
- The core of Sporocarpon asteroides, an enigmatic fungal fossil from the
Carboniferous-
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Abstract:  The core of Sporocarpon asteroides, an enigmatic fungal fossil from the CarboniferousKrings, Michael; Harper, Carla J.; Decombeix, Anne-Laure; Galtier, Jean
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 111 - 122Abstract The various types of spherical microfossils collectively termed fossil fungal “sporocarps” exhibit basic congruities in morphology that have been used to suggest they all may belong to the same higher taxonomic category. Both the Ascomycota and zygomycete fungi have been discussed in this respect, but features that precisely delimit the nature and taxonomic position of these fossils have not been documented. Here, we present two new specimens of the Pennsylvanian “sporocarp” Sprocarpon asteroides from the Lower Coal Measures of Great Britain. Both provide evidence that a spore with a multi-layered wall was formed in this structure by blastic inflation of a hyphal tip. The outer spore walls appear to be continuous with the wall of the subtending hypha, while the inner wall (the spore wall proper) more likely developed de novo. Sporocarpon asteroides is interpreted as a unisporic sporocarp with a pseudoparenchymatous peridium, likely with affinities to the Glomeromycota. This discovery supports the notion that the fossil fungal “sporocarps” include several biologically different structures.
PubDate: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +000
- A revision of Mastodonsaurus from the Anisian of Germany, and the
evolutionary history of mastodonsaurid temnospondyls-
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Abstract:  A revision of Mastodonsaurus from the Anisian of Germany, and the evolutionary history of mastodonsaurid temnospondylsSchoch, Rainer R.; Milner, Andrew; Witzmann, Florian; Mujal, Eudald
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 123 - 140Abstract Reexamination of Mastodonsaurus (Heptasaurus) cappelensis, a three-metre long capitosaur temnospondyl from the Upper Buntsandstein (Anisian, Middle Triassic), reveals formerly poorly known or unrecognized features of this earliest mastodonsaurid temnospondyl. M. cappelensis differs from the stratigraphically younger type species M. giganteus in the following characters: tip of snout wider, orbits narrower and more oval shaped, frontal shorter and postorbital and squamosal smaller. In the postcranium, the intercentra are massive but dorsally not closed, whereas the humerus is longer and more gracile and the ilium more robust with an expanded dorsal end. The evolution of the Mastodonsaurus lineage involved the acquisition of very large tusks and an extension in the attachment areas of jaw opening and closing musculature. These changes probably enabled M. giganteus to extend the range of prey, assuming the position of a top predator in the rich lacustrine ecosystems of the Lower Keuper.
PubDate: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +000
- A new Periechocrinidae (Crinoidea, Camerata) from the Seifen Formation of
the Westerwald (Lower Devonian, Rhenish Massiv, Germany)-
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Abstract:  A new Periechocrinidae (Crinoidea, Camerata) from the Seifen Formation of the Westerwald (Lower Devonian, Rhenish Massiv, Germany)Müller, Peter; Ausich, William I.
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, (2023), p. 141 - 151Abstract A distinctive, new periechocrinid camerate crinoid, Pulchercrinus hardyi n. gen., n. sp. is described from the Lower Devonian Seifen Formation of the Rhenish Massiv of the western Westerwald Mountains, Germany. The arm rays of this new periechocrinid are convergent toward some genera in the Scyphocrinitidae and the Marhoumacrinitidae, and Pulchercrinus expands the morphological disparity of the Periechocrinidae.
PubDate: Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +000
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