JournalTOCs

Latin American Perspectives
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.259

Number of Followers: 15

Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)
ISSN (Print) 0094-582X - ISSN (Online) 1552-678X
Published by Sage Publications

[1174 journals]

The Fourth Transformation and the Trajectory of Neoliberalism in Mexico
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Richard W. Coughlin
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  The 2018 electoral victories of Andrés Manuel López Obrador (hereafter, AMLO) and his political party, Morena, may represent a significant inflection point in the development of neoliberalism in Mexico. The trajectory of neoliberalism has unfolded in terms of what Nils Gilman refers to as the “twin insurgency”—a plutocratic insurgency that, since the 1970s, has been restructuring capitalism on a transnational basis and a criminal insurgency that has flourished within the denationalized social spaces of neoliberalism. López Obrador’s national project, termed “the Fourth Transformation,” is an effort to anchor processes of capital expansion in Mexico within a restoration of political community centered on AMLO’s policy agenda and political rhetoric. In a broader context, it is also a process of state transformation historically shaped by the twin insurgency and characterized by the emergence of new hybrid modes of organized violence.Las victorias electorales de 2018 de Andrés Manuel López Obrador (en adelante, AMLO) y su partido político, Morena, pueden representar un punto de inflexión significativo en el desarrollo del neoliberalismo en México. La trayectoria del neoliberalismo se ha desarrollado en términos de lo que Nils Gilman llama la “insurgencia gemela”, una insurgencia plutocrática que, desde la década de 1970, ha reestructurado el capitalismo sobre una base transnacional y una insurgencia criminal que ha florecido dentro de los espacios sociales desnacionalizados del neoliberalismo. El proyecto nacional de López Obrador, denominado “la Cuarta Transformación”, es un esfuerzo por anclar los procesos de expansión de capital en México dentro de una restauración de la comunidad política centrada en la agenda política y la retórica política de AMLO. En un contexto más amplio, también es un proceso de transformación estatal históricamente moldeado por la insurgencia gemela y caracterizado por el surgimiento de nuevos modos híbridos de violencia organizada.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-06-04T10:10:31Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221103875
Silent Indigenous Revolution in Ecuador and Mariátegui’s
Thought
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Mauricio Jaramillo Jassir
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Examination of the silent and generally unnoticed cooperation of Ecuador’s indigenous peoples with the fragmented left in the light of José Carlos Mariátegui’s theses shows that, despite the two’s having separate projects, this cooperation contributed to transformations that the indigenous movement had pursued for decades. This underlines Mariátegui’s call for relating Marxism to the complex indigenous reality and avoiding the extrapolation of European communism to the Andean situation.Un análisis de la cooperación silenciosa y generalmente inadvertida de los pueblos indígenas de Ecuador con la izquierda fragmentada a partir de una aproximación basada en las tesis de José Carlos Mariátegui muestra que, a pesar de que cada grupo tenía proyectos separados, dicha cooperación contribuyó a las transformaciones que el movimiento indígena había perseguido durante décadas. Esto subraya el llamado de Mariátegui a relacionar el marxismo con la compleja realidad indígena y a evitar la extrapolación del comunismo europeo a la situación andina.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-06-02T12:57:37Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221100184
Mariátegui’s Thought in the Peasant Struggles of Hugo Blanco
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Patricia Pensado Leglise, Nayeli Camacho Olvera
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  The peasant uprisings in the valleys of La Convención and Lares in Cuzco, Peru, in the late 1950s and early 1960s placed the Peruvian indigenous peasantry at the center of the national scene and led to the 1969 agrarian reform that would transform the property-labor system in the Peruvian countryside (a system that produced the famous Mariátegui aphorism “The problem of the Indian is the problem of land”). Hugo Blanco Galdós was an iconic figure and one of the leaders of this movement. Although Trotskyism was the most visible directive of his political praxis during his militancy in La Convención, the influence of José Carlos Mariátegui’s (1894–1930) thought was what marked it. While the twenty-first-century indigenous peasant struggles have modified their objectives and discourse, Mariátegui’s thought remains current in a figure such as Blanco.Los levantamientos campesinos en los valles de La Convención y Lares en Cuzco, Perú, a finales de la década de 1950 y principios de la década de 1960 pusieron al campesinado indígena peruano al centro de la escena nacional y condujeron a la reforma agraria de 1969, la cual transformaría el sistema de propiedad-trabajo en el campo peruano (sistema que dio lugar al famoso aforismo de José Carlos Mariátegui, “El problema del indio es el problema de la tierra”). Hugo Blanco Galdós fue una figura icónica y uno de los líderes de este movimiento. Aunque el trotskismo fue la directriz más visible de su praxis política durante su militancia en La Convención, la influencia del pensamiento de Mariátegui (1894–1930) fue lo que la marcó. Si bien las luchas campesinas indígenas del siglo XXI han modificado sus objetivos y discurso, el pensamiento de Mariátegui sigue vigente en una figura como Blanco.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-06-02T12:54:37Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221099924
Rethinking the Role of Religion in Orlando Fals Borda’s Ideas of Social
Change, 1948–1970
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Juan Mario Díaz-Arévalo
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Scholars of the renowned Colombian sociologist and cofounder of participatory action research Orlando Fals Borda (1925–2008) have generally acknowledged that both his Presbyterian upbringing and his friendship with the Catholic priest Camilo Torres strongly influenced his thinking and writing. An examination of the way this religious background appears in his early academic writing both extends and refines this more conventional view by considering how his involvement in religious matters influenced his understanding of what social change was and hence of his role as a sociologist committed to it. Analysis of the complex network of knowledges and relations articulated with regard to Fals Borda’s involvement with religious matters during a crucial stage of his intellectual history sheds light on the close relation between ethics, social research, and politics at the basis of participatory action research.Eestudiosos del reconocido sociólogo colombiano y co-fundador de la investigación acción participativa Orlando Fals Borda (1925-2008) suelen reconocer que tanto su educación presbiteriana como su amistad con el sacerdote católico Camilo Torres influyeron fuertemente en su pensamiento y escritura. Una investigación de la forma en que este trasfondo religioso aparece en su escritura académica temprana extiende y refina esta percepción un tanto convencional al considerar cómo su participación en asuntos religiosos influyó en su comprensión de lo que implicaba el cambio social y, por lo tanto, de su papel como sociólogo comprometido. El análisis de la compleja red de conocimientos y relaciones articuladas en torno a la participación de Fals Borda en asuntos religiosos durante un período crucial de su historia intelectual arroja lluz sobre la estrecha relación entre la ética, la investigación y la política que forma la base de la investigación acción participativa.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-06-02T12:51:09Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221099445
Book Review: Revisiting Marxism in José Carlos Mariátegui
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-16T01:01:36Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221094553
Mariátegui’s Thought and the Solidarity Economy: A Contemporary
Dialogue'
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Adriane Vieira Ferrarini, César Miguel Salinas Ramos
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  A dialogue between Mariátegui’s thought and the solidarity economy, identifying convergences and lessons, finds that the solidarity economy encounters Mariáteguist thought in its critique of positivist modernity and dogmatic Marxism and its proposal of an emancipating and decolonizing praxis as a heroic creation. The solidarity economy provides the foundations for the material and spiritual reproduction of community and nature through the political work forged in everyday associative and self-managed labor.Un diálogo entre el pensamiento de Mariátegui y la economía solidaria, identificando convergencias y lecciones, nos muestra que la economía solidaria va al encuentro del pensamiento mariateguista en su crítica de la modernidad positivista y el marxismo dogmático, así como su propuesta de una praxis emancipadora y descolonizadora como creación heroica. La economía solidaria sienta las bases para la reproducción material y espiritual de la comunidad y la naturaleza a través del trabajo político forjado en la labor cotidiana asociativa y autogestionada.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-14T08:10:04Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221095807
Mariátegui and Latin American Marxist Feminism: A Necessary Revisit
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Joana das Flores Duarte
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Of the vast political, intellectual, artistic, and literary contribution of the Marxist José Carlos Mariátegui, the attention he gave to the feminist movement and women’s struggles in 1924 was groundbreaking even to his followers. The revolutionary character he attributed, in the light of Marxist theory, to the entry of women into the workforce was aimed at showing that the development of productive forces was inherent to struggles between capital and labor. On the eve of the centennial of the publication of his “La mujer y la politica” and “Las reivindicaciones feministas,” Mariátegui’s ideas are current from a political and organizational point of view not only with regard to class struggle but, above all, with regard the intersection between Marxist thought and contemporary Latin American feminism.El marxista José Carlos Mariátegui cuenta con una vasta contribución política, intelectual, artística y literaria. De entre su obra, la atención que prestó al movimiento feminista y a las luchas de las mujeres en 1924 resultó innovadora incluso para sus seguidores. El carácter revolucionario que atribuía, bajo el lente de la teoría marxista, a la entrada de las mujeres en la fuerza de trabajo tenía como objetivo mostrar que el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas era inherente a las luchas entre el capital y el trabajo. En vísperas del centenario de la publicación de sus textos “La mujer y la política” y “Las reivindicaciones feministas,” las ideas de Mariátegui resultan actuales desde un punto de vista político y organizativo no solo en lo que respecta a la lucha de clases sino, sobre todo, en relación a la intersección entre el pensamiento marxista y el feminismo latinoamericano contemporáneo.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-13T10:29:21Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221095829
The Open Marxism of José Carlos Mariátegui
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Curtis Kline
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  The contextual and challenging Marxism of José Carlos Mariátegui allowed for the opening of a theory often considered rigid and closed. Likewise, the current project of open Marxism resists a theory that accepts the limits found in a given world as its own theoretical limits. Engagement with some of the ideas of Mariátegui might help elucidate the openness of his Marxism and offer different perspectives and theoretical directions to that project.El marxismo contextual y desafiante de José Carlos Mariátegui permitió la apertura de una teoría a menudo vista como rígida y cerrada. Del mismo modo, el actual proyecto del marxismo abierto se resiste a una teoría que acepte los límites de un mundo dado como sus propios límites teóricos. La interacción con algunas de las ideas de Mariátegui podría ayudar a dilucidar la apertura de su marxismo y ofrecer diferentes perspectivas y direcciones teóricas a dicho proyecto.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-13T01:12:39Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221095080
Mariátegui, Race, and the Comintern’s National Question
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Marc Becker
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  José Carlos Mariátegui’s open engagement with Marxist theory and his adaptation of its ideas to his Latin American reality brought him into conflict with other leftists. At a continental conference of communist parties in Buenos Aires in 1929, he criticized the Comintern’s proposal to carve up the Americas into independent African-descent and Quechua and Aymara republics, arguing that conceptualizing the struggle in ethnic rather than class terms was a mistake. From documents preserved in the Comintern archives it appears that these comments had echoes in Moscow. Two newly translated Spanish-language documents on the “national question” challenge notions that Comintern officials were unaware of or ill-informed about developments in Latin America and are important to understanding their responses and challenges to his ideas on race and oppressed nationalities.El compromiso abierto de José Carlos Mariátegui con la teoría marxista y su adaptación de estas ideas a la realidad latinoamericana lo pusieron en conflicto con otras y otros de la izquierda. En una conferencia continental de partidos comunistas en Buenos Aires en 1929, criticó la propuesta de la Internacional Comunista de dividir las Américas en repúblicas independientes afrodescendientes y quechuas y aymaras, argumentando que conceptualizar la lucha en términos étnicos en lugar de términos de clase era un error. Los documentos conservados en los archivos de la Internacional Comunista sugieren que estos comentarios hicieron eco en Moscú. Dos documentos en español recientemente traducidos en torno a la “cuestión nacional” desafían las nociones de que los funcionarios de la Internacional Comunista no estaban al tanto o estaban mal informados sobre los acontecimientos en América Latina, asunto que resultan importante para comprender sus respuestas y desafíos a las ideas de Mariátegui sobre raza y nacionalidades oprimidas.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-11T12:52:27Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221095462
José Carlos Mariátegui and Twenty-first-Century Socialism:
Recovery and Renewal
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Ronaldo Munck
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  As Latin America entered the turn to the left, there was a recovery and renewal of the work of José Carlos Mariátegui. The “practical socialism” that he advocated and led in the course of a short but brilliant political career (basically, the 1920s) has much to teach us today if set in its proper historical context and not reduced to catchphrases. Mariátegui was, arguably, the first Marxist in Latin America, and his open, imaginative, transgressive, and energizing writings may well illuminate our paths in the 2020s. His was not a Marxist catechism but a living Marxism. What we can take from Mariátegui is a grounded Marxism—devoid of all theoreticisms—that, understood in its historical context, may point toward a period of renewal after the seeming collapse of the left project to build a twenty-first-century socialism.A medida que América Latina dio un giro izquierdista se produjo una recuperación y renovación de la obra de José Carlos Mariátegui. El “socialismo práctico” que él defendió y dirigió durante su corta pero brillante carrera política (básicamente, la década de 1920) tiene mucho que enseñarnos hoy si se mira en su contexto histórico adecuado y no se reduce a frases hechas. Mariátegui fue, posiblemente, el primer marxista latinoamericano y sus escritos abiertos, imaginativos, transgresores y llenos de energía bien pueden iluminar nuestro camino en la década de 2020. El suyo no era un catecismo marxista sino un marxismo vivo. Lo que podemos tomar de Mariátegui es un marxismo fundamentado, desprovisto de todo teoricismo que, entendido en su contexto histórico, puede apuntar hacia un período de renovación después del aparente colapso del proyecto de izquierda para construir un socialismo del siglo XXI.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-10T09:51:47Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221095465
Mariátegui and “Latin American Studies”
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Ronaldo Munck
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-05-02T10:51:56Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221091218
The Cultural Politics of José Carlos Mariátegui
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Harry E. Vanden
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-04-28T12:31:53Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221091220
Introduction: Mariátegui, Critical Thinking, and Andean Futures
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Ronaldo Munck, Pascual García, Karina Ponce
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-04-28T12:31:28Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221091189
Neoliberalism and Higher Education in Latin America
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Robert Austin Henry, Bernadete Beserra
  First page: 3
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-04-20T05:41:19Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221084299
Education, Science, and Technology Policies during Ecuador’s Citizens’
Revolution: Between Cognitive Dependency and the Struggle for the Social
State
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Francesco Maniglio, Vicente Barragán
  First page: 18
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Now that the global development of economies is knowledge-based, there is increasing pressure on peripheral and semiperipheral countries, technologically and economically trapped by their dependency on the advanced economies. In this context, the education, science, and technology policies of the Citizens’ Revolution in Ecuador (2007–2017) must be considered the product of political emergencies and urgent social needs such as the need to halt the continual increase in inequality, poverty, and institutional instability. The knowledge economy has created a contradictory relationship between cognitive dependency and social development. The Citizens’ Revolution government attempted to resist and challenge knowledge rent, opposing appropriation and pillage by transnational companies while pursuing a public system of higher education in science and technology with increasing participation in human capital flows and access for historically excluded groups. Whereas these policies have had an impact in terms of access, democratization, and poverty reduction, they have had the perverse effect of reinforcing the power of the national elites, reproducing Ecuador’s inequalities and historic injustices.Ahora que el desarrollo global de las economías se basa en el conocimiento, aumenta la presión sobre los países periféricos y semiperiféricos, los cuales se encuentran tecnológica y económicamente atrapados a raíz de su dependencia de las economías avanzadas. En este contexto, las políticas de educación, ciencia y tecnología de la Revolución Ciudadana en el Ecuador (2007–2017) deben ser consideradas como el producto de emergencias políticas y necesidades sociales urgentes, incluyendo la necesidad de frenar el continuo aumento de la desigualdad, la pobreza y la inestabilidad institucional. La economía del conocimiento ha creado una relación contradictoria entre la dependencia cognitiva y el desarrollo social. El gobierno de la Revolución Ciudadana intentó resistir y desafiar la renta del conocimiento, oponiéndose a la apropiación y el saqueo por parte de las empresas transnacionales mientras buscaba establecer un sistema público de educación superior en ciencia y tecnología con una creciente participación en los flujos de capital humano y el acceso de grupos históricamente excluidos. Si bien estas políticas han tenido un impacto en términos de acceso, democratización y reducción de la pobreza, también han tenido el efecto perverso de reforzar el poder de las élites nacionales, reproduciendo las desigualdades e injusticias históricas del Ecuador.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-03-09T12:57:35Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221083000
Dreams of a Globalized University in Ecuador: The Reforms of the Rafael
Correa Government
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Betty Espinosa, Ana María Goetschel, Fernando Carrasco
  First page: 31
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  The reform of Ecuadorian universities implemented since 2007 has followed the trend toward internationalization and a globalized university system. It is inconsistent not only with national needs but with historical traditions regarding university autonomy, cogovernance, and social commitment in Latin America. These changes are part of long-term processes that began in the 1970s with neoliberal reforms in Chile. Neoliberalism is not limited to privatization but, nourished by the neoclassical school of economics, emphasizes the individual subject, financing according to results and measured by the number of students or by the production of scientific research articles with international reference, competitiveness among actors and institutions, and the control and disciplining of institutions that contribute to the commodification of the relations within and between institutions of higher education. These reforms have produced elements such as quasi-markets in the public and social sectors.La reforma de las universidades ecuatorianas implementada desde 2007 ha seguido una tendencia hacia la internacionalización y un sistema universitario globalizado. Resulta inconsistente no solo con las necesidades nacionales sino también las tradiciones históricas en torno a la autonomía universitaria, el cogobierno y el compromiso social en América Latina. Estos cambios son parte de procesos de largo plazo que comenzaron en la década de 1970 con las reformas neoliberales en Chile. El neoliberalismo no se limita a la privatización sino que, a partir de la escuela económica neoclásica, enfatiza el sujeto individual, el financiamiento acorde a los resultados y medidas como el número de estudiantes, la producción de artículos de investigación científica con referencia internacional, la competitividad entre actores e instituciones, y el control y disciplina de las instituciones que contribuyen a la mercantilización de las relaciones dentro y entre las instituciones de educación superior. Estas reformas han producido elementos que podrían describirse como cuasi-mercados en los sectores público y social.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-03-18T10:09:34Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221084302
The Rise of Academic Capitalism in Brazil’s Higher Education
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Tiago Fonseca Albuquerque Cavalcanti Sigahi, Patrícia Saltorato
  First page: 66
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Academic capitalism has become one of the most influential research lines related to higher education. However, its manifestations in developing countries need to be better understood. Changes are taking place in Brazil that can be attributed to a move toward academic capitalism, and concepts provided by the theory of academic capitalism offer a fertile framework for exploring them. Analysis of official documents, regulations, and the actions of a network of participants reveals the mechanisms that reconfigure the boundaries between the public and the private to establish an academic capitalism knowledge/learning regime. Academic capitalism in Brazil took its first steps after the 1968 reform and was consolidated in the 1990s and instrumentalized in the 2000s, and, judging from the associations between the current government and the business sector, it threatens to take an even more aggressive form in the coming years.O capitalismo acadêmico tem se configurado em uma das linhas de pesquisa mais influentes no campo da educação superior. Há, porém, que melhor se entender suas manifestações em países em desenvolvimento. Estão em curso no Brasil mudanças que podem ser atribuídas a um contexto voltado para um capitalismo acadêmico, e os conceitos oferecidos por ela fornecem um fértil framework para explorar tais mudanças. A análise de documentos oficiais, artefatos legais e da atuação de uma rede de atores, são explorados os mecanismos que reconfiguram as fronteiras entre o público e o privado, colocando em movimento um academic capitalism knowledge/learning regime. No Brasil, o capitalismo acadêmico dá seus primeiros passos após a reforma de 1968; ascende e ganha contornos mais intensos a partir da década de 80; consolida-se a partir da década de 90; instrumentaliza-se nos anos 2000 e, com base nas associações entre o atual governo e o setor empresarial, ameaça assumir uma forma ainda mais agressiva nos próximos anos.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-02-03T09:18:43Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X211065483
The Production of Neoliberal Subjectivity in an Argentine Public
University
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Romina Andrea Barboza
  First page: 131
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Argentina’s public university system has shifted from the indelible reformist tradition of 1918, with its emancipatory and Latin American perspective, to a commodified education in line with the global logic introducing neoliberal rationality and the neoliberal subject into the Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. A review of recent reforms and a description of the university’s institutional measures is followed by possible lines of resistance, combining ideas from the 1918 reformist movement and the current Argentine feminist movement.La universidad pública argentina está sufriendo una conversión de la tradición de indeleble marca reformista desde 1918 (de horizonte emancipatorio y latinoamericano) a una educación mercantilizada según la lógica global de la racionalidad neoliberal y del sujeto neoliberal, visible en la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Repaso reformas nacionales recientes, y describo las disposiciones institucionales de la universidad para llegar a una discusión sobre coordenadas posibles de resistencia entrecruzando ideas del movimiento reformista de 1918 y el actual movimiento feminista argentino.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-03-01T10:34:12Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221074939
Neoliberalism and the Impact of Student Demonstrations in Chile: Pushing
the Bounds of the Post-Pinochet Education Project'
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Rodrigo Torres
  First page: 146
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  The free-market educational model implemented in Chile after Pinochet involved steady privatization and the resulting inequality and discrimination in access to university education. This educational neoliberalism was hotly contested by massive student demonstrations. In Bachelet’s second government (2014–2018), the political impact and ramifications of the 2011 student movement initiated a series of educational and political changes, among them free university education, tax reform focused on improvements in income distribution, and the end of the binominal system of congressional elections. At the same time, many of the principles of market education continued. Since the effects of free-market education became a social and political problem, the students’ demands went beyond the limits of the educational sector itself to become a central part of debate on the structural inequalities produced by the post-Pinochet neoliberal model, a conflict that exploded in Chile in October 2019.El modelo educativo de libre mercado implementado en Chile después de Pinochet implicó una constante privatización y la consiguiente desigualdad y discriminación en el acceso a la educación universitaria. Este neoliberalismo educativo fue fuertemente contestado por masivas manifestaciones estudiantiles. En el segundo gobierno de Bachelet (2014–2018), el impacto político y las ramificaciones del movimiento estudiantil de 2011 dieron pie a una serie de cambios educativos y políticos, entre ellos la educación universitaria gratuita, una reforma tributaria enfocada en mejorar la distribución del ingreso y el fin del sistema binominal de elecciones parlamentarias. Al mismo tiempo, se mantuvieron muchos de los principios de la educación de mercado. Desde que los efectos de la educación de libre mercado se convirtieron en un problema social y político, las demandas de los estudiantes han rebasado los límites del propio sector educativo para convertirse en una parte central del debate sobre las desigualdades estructurales producidas por el modelo neoliberal post-Pinochet, un conflicto que estalló en Chile en octubre de 2019.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-03-09T12:57:16Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221082985
Subversive Entrepreneurs: Business Agency and Commodification of Peruvian
Higher Education (1992–2012)
- Free pre-print version: Loading...
  Rate this result: What is this?
  
  Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating.
  A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
  
  Authors: Omar Manky, Juan Dolores
  First page: 162
  Abstract: Latin American Perspectives, Ahead of Print.
  Over the past two decades, the sociology of education has addressed the reproduction of inequalities created by for-profit universities in several countries. Despite their contributions, these analyses do not always consider the role of and strategies employed by educational entrepreneurs in social processes. In contrast with approaches that understand the university business as a mere reflection of neoliberal institutionality and those that celebrate profit as the vital element in the renewal of higher education in Latin America an analysis inspired by the literature on social movements and examination of business strategies, institutions, and negotiations in the commodification of Peruvian higher education provides an account of the transformations in the structure of opportunities, resources, and framing processes developed by entrepreneurs during two moments: 1992–2000 and 2001–2012.En las últimas dos décadas, la sociología de la educación ha abordado la reproducción de las desigualdades generada en varios países por las universidades con fines de lucro. Independientemente de sus aportes, estos análisis no siempre consideran el papel y las estrategias de los emprendedores educativos en los procesos sociales. A diferencia de los enfoques que entienden la empresa universitaria como un mero reflejo de la institucionalidad neoliberal, al igual que aquellos que celebran el lucro como el elemento vital en la renovación de la educación superior en América Latina, un análisis basado en la literatura sobre movimientos sociales de las estrategias empresariales, instituciones, y negociaciones en la mercantilización de la educación superior peruana da cuenta de las transformaciones en la estructura de oportunidades, recursos y procesos delimitantes desarrollados por los empresarios durante dos periodos, 1992–2000 y 2001–2012.
  Citation: Latin American Perspectives
  PubDate: 2022-03-18T10:12:34Z
  DOI: 10.1177/0094582X221084662