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Journal of Late Antiquity
Number of Followers: 7

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ISSN (Print) 1939-6716 - ISSN (Online) 1942-1273
Published by Project MUSE

[305 journals]

An Exceptional Late Antique Belt Buckle Plate from Jaffa: From
Metalworking Technology to Cultural Biography
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  Abstract: Throughout history, clothing accessories like belt buckles have served not just functional roles, but also as significant indicators of identity, status, wealth, and gender.1 To effectively represent status and wealth, an object must be publicly visible and possess notable visual appeal, making the human body an ideal canvas for such expressions.2 Straddling the spheres of the functional and symbolic, belt buckles and belt mounts can embody cultural and social meaning, as well as presenting evidence of metalworking technology and artistry.This paper focuses on a decorated belt buckle plate from Jaffa, Israel, dating to the seventh to eighth century ce, a period marking the transition from the Byzantine era to the ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-19T00:00:00-05:00
Time and Difference in Rabbinic Judaism by Sarit Kattan-Gribetz (review)
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  Abstract: Upon sitting with Sarit Kattan Gribetz's Time and Difference in Rabbinic Judaism, the reader journeys through the multifaceted temporal worlds that the rabbis' imagination fashioned in Late Antiquity, from Roman Palestine to the Sasanian Empire, from Second Temple times to the Talmud. To reveal how these universes of time in turn intersect with the creation of forms of difference within and beyond the rabbinic community—such is the promise of the book. It does so with exquisite erudition and delightful readability, while distilling the conceptualization of "rabbinic timescapes" (1, 5, and 22)—as the author put it, "the many dimensions of time that operate within any given society—similar to the use of 'landscape' ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-19T00:00:00-05:00
From the Editor
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  Abstract: In this issue, we delve again into the rich tapestry of Late Antiquity, exploring a wide array of topics, sources, and methodologies that reflect the period's complexity. From the nuanced interpretations of biblical figures and theological treatises to the examination of Roman law, public spectacles of power, and the impact of pandemics on trade and society, the current issue's contributors offer fresh insights into the late ancient world. Their works span a chronological range from the third to the seventh century ce, across diverse geographical locales from the eastern Mediterranean to the Iberian Peninsula. Employing sources that range from homilies, legal texts, and monumental inscriptions to archaeological ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Pontius' Conscience: Pilate's Afterlives and Apology for Empire in John
Chrysostom's Antioch
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  Abstract: Only three people are named in the major early Christian creeds: Jesus Christ, Mary, and Pontius Pilate. Early Christian authors were fascinated by this figure; due to his equivocal presentation in the Gospels, they generated a range of interpretations of him.1 If we restrict our attention to those authors who wrote under the Roman empire, however, the dominant interpretation is positive and apologetic. We repeatedly meet a Pilate who may have been weak, but one who was not evil and who attempted to release Christ as innocent. Some went further, arguing that the Roman governor had recognized Jesus's divinity and so had become—in a sense—a proto-Christian.The pre-Constantinian roots of this idea are relatively ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Defeat on Display: The Public Abuse of Usurpers and Rebels in Late
Antiquity
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  Abstract: Roman emperors were perpetual winners. That, at least, was the dominant message of imperial ritual, which continually emphasized an ideology of victorious rulership through public celebrations and pageants. Of all such spectacles, one of the most striking was the exhibition of an emperor's vanquished rivals, either alive or dead, before civilian populaces. These often-gruesome displays had been a feature of the Roman world since the earliest days of the Empire. However, in his seminal work on imperial ritual, Michael McCormick suggested that they became more prevalent, or at least more visible, in Late Antiquity due to the increased frequency of civil war and the greater pressures on embattled emperors to assert ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Responding to his Critics: A New Account of Origen's Peri Archon
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  Abstract: Numerous and often contentious debates have been waged about the structure, genre, and afterlife of Origen's Peri Archon. Comparatively little, however, has been said about its origins. Why did Origen write this treatise' Most estimates date Peri Archon to 229 or 230, thus placing it at the height of his tensions with his bishop Demetrius and shortly before his stormy departure from Alexandria to Caesarea Maritima in 231/232.1 Origen published this work when he was around forty-five years of age and had already authored several treatises, including Stromata, On Natures, On the Resurrection, and Commentary on Lamentations.2 We also glean from a handful of passages in Peri Archon that he was interrupting ongoing ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
The "Column of the Goths" and Its Place in Constantine's New Capital
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  Abstract: Near the tip of the Seraglio Peninsula, on a small plateau just below the acropolis of ancient Byzantium/Constantinople, there is a column monument of 18.5 meter's height made of Proconnesian marble (figure 1). It presently consists of a three-piece pedestal with a Latin inscription, a monolithic shaft, and a Corinthian capital. The capital is from the Severan period and appears to have been reused for this monument.1 Moreover, the surfaces of the shaft and the pedestal lack a final polishing.2 The monument, still in situ, is located on the northeastern slope of the ancient acropolis, about 300 meters above the former location of an important gate (St. Barbara's Gate, or Acropolis Gate),Figure 1the "column of ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Legal Knowledge among Late Roman Elites: The Evidence of Jerome
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  Abstract: Jerome's fame rests on his achievements as a translator and exegete of biblical texts.1 His translation of the Bible superseded all others in the Latin West and remained the authoritative text of sacred Scripture until the Reformation and, in the Roman Catholic Church, even far beyond; his commentaries on the books of the Old Testament provided the basis for the linguistic and historical interpretation of texts that were inaccessible in the original. Through his translations of Origen's works, Jerome helped to ensure that the thought of the Greek theologian was never forgotten in the West, despite the fact that he had been accused of heresy and was eventually condemned. Through his translation of the Chronicle of ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
The Pen Behind the Pathogen: Yersinia pestis and the Lombard Conquest in
Paul the Deacon's Historia Langobardorum
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  Abstract: Not all plagues are created equally. The Justinianic plague, or, more broadly, the First Pandemic, has proven to be a tantalizing framework for examining Byzantine decline.1 For some scholars, successive "waves" or "amplifications"2 of the disease—caused by Yersinia pestis—led to significant and consequential mortality across the Mediterranean. For others, evidence for a pervasive and impactful plague is lacking. For them, that the plague was a watershed has been assumed, not proven.3 Paleogenomicists have confirmed that the bubonic-like plague to which many of Late Antiquity's narrators referred was in fact plague, and that the First Pandemic did span the Mediterranean and extend far into Europe.4 Many late ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Eastern Mediterranean Fineware Imports to the Iberian Peninsula, 300–700
ce, and the Economic Impact of the Justinianic Pandemic
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  Abstract: One of the great feats of the last fifty years of archaeology has been the international effort to categorize, catalogue, and quantify ancient ceramics, especially the fine table ware modern scholars call terra sigillata.1 These plates, bowls, cups, and serving dishes were produced in mass quantities and sold "piggyback" alongside bulk crops around and beyond the Roman Mediterranean.2 Because sigillata ceramics were not traded alone, they serve (in a different metaphor) as a sort of ink-dye in the bloodstream of Roman commerce.3 Shifts in relative imports are taken to indicate other aspects of the Roman economy, and "the chronological, geographical and quantitative distribution of table wares may be used as a ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
The Lost History of Sextus Aurelius Victor by Justin A. Stover and George
Woudhuysen (review)
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  Abstract: Presses are encouraged to submit books dealing with Late Antiquity for consideration for review to any of JLA's three Book Review Editors: Maria Doerfler (maria.doerfler@yale.edu); John Weisweiler (j.weisweiler@lmu.de); and Damián Fernández (dfernandez@niu.edu).There are few books that live up to the claims made on their back cover, but The Lost History of Sextus Aurelius Victor by Justin Stover and George Woudhuysen surely is a "radical rewriting of the history of fourth-century Latin literature." It is commonly accepted that Aurelius Victor was one of the fourth-century writers of historical breviaria, together with Festus and Eutropius, and that the Historiae abbreviatae (also called Liber de Caesaribus) ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Debt in the Ancient Mediterranean and Near East: Credit, Money, and Social
Obligation ed. by John Weisweiler (review)
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  Abstract: The proclaimed aims of the ten collected essays in this volume are two: to contribute to a "history of ancient credit systems" and "to test the accuracy" of David Graeber's well-known grand narrative on debt (2). As for the first, it is a qualified success; the second will leave many readers, including the reviewer, with an unresolved paradox. Graeber's overarching program in Debt: The First 5000 Years (2011) is clearly explained in Weisweiler's introduction (chapter 1). Graeber held that credit, and therefore debt and attendant moralizing ideas, have been primal driving forces of human economic exchange. Other than moral injunctions, he argued that violence has been the key creator and enforcer of large-scale ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Imitations of Infinity: Gregory of Nyssa and the Transformation of Mimesis
by Michael Motia (review)
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  Abstract: In this fine new monograph on late antique intellectual history, Michael Motia broaches a question that scholars of late antique religion don't ask as much as they perhaps should: what precisely do late antique Christians think Christianity in Late Antiquity is' Put differently, why should anyone identify as a Christian and participate in Christian community and ritual life' For his part, Gregory of Nyssa (around 335–395 ce) provides a direct and succinct answer: "Christianity is mimesis of the divine nature" (On What It Means to Call Oneself a Christian 85 [GNO 29: 136], quoted on page 1]). And what does that mean' How can a human being (corporeal and finite) imitate the divine nature (incorporeal and infinite)' ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
A Cabinet of Byzantine Curiosities: Strange Tales and Surprising Facts
from History's Most Orthodox Empire by Anthony Kaldellis (review)
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  Abstract: "Byzantium is enigmatic enough by itself, but its popular reputation these days is also a mystery" are the words with which Anthony Kaldellis opens A Cabinet of Byzantine Curiosities: Strange Tales and Surprising Facts from History's Most Orthodox Empire. This permits us to recognize the contrast between the mystery and the attraction that Byzantium causes, especially in undergraduate students. As explained in the preface, the book has a flexible approach: on the one hand, it includes material that makes the Byzantine world seem weird and alien, and on the other there is material which instead highlights the down-to-earth, pragmatic, inventive, and rational aspects of this culture. The primary aim of the book is to ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Tales of Dionysus: The Dionysiaca of Nonnus of Panopolis. A Group
Translation ed. by William Levitan and Stanley Lombardo (review)
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  Abstract: More than eighty years after the English prose translation by W. H. D. Rouse for the Loeb Classical Library (1940), here is an interesting experiment in translating the Dionysiaca, the longest known poem surviving from antiquity (about 21,000 lines in forty-eight books) written by the Egyptian Nonnus of Panopolis (fifth century ce), a towering figure of Greek Late Antiquity, also known as the author of a hexameter Paraphrase of St John's Gospel (about 3,600 lines in twenty-one books). Tales of Dionysus, the first English verse translation of Nonnus's epic poem, is the product of a multi-faceted group work that brings together forty-two translators from different and varied backgrounds (classicists, scholars of ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Senatori romani nel Pretorio di Gortina: le statue di Asclepiodotus e la
politica di Graziano dopo Adrianopoli ed. by Francesca Bigi and Ignazio
Tantillo (review)
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  Abstract: This edited book aims at providing a complete picture of the puzzling group of honorary epigraphy found in Gortina (Crete) in the area of the long-standing Praetorium. The ensemble was dedicated there in connection with reconstruction works during the mandate of the governor Oecumenius Dositheus Asclepiodotus (382–383) for reasons not openly stated. The analysis and interpretation of the thirteen remaining inscribed bases and scattered fragments is the pivotal point of a multidisciplinary survey drawing evidence from several contexts and different approaches to frame the realization within the political fragility in the aftermath of the defeat at Adrianople. The variety yet perfect complementarity of the authors ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Urban Space between the Roman Age and Late Antiquity: Continuity,
Discontinuity and Changes ed. by A. Cortese and G. Fioratto (review)
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  Abstract: This edited volume publishes the proceedings of a workshop on late antique transformations of urban space in the Roman and post-Roman Mediterranean held at Regensburg in February 2020. It consists of seven chapters preceded by an introductory chapter authored by the two editors and a concluding discussion by Nadin Burkhardt. The individual chapters vary somewhat in their scope and approach, but there is a some emphasis on developments in Anatolia and surrounding regions further to the East, though two papers focus on the city of Aquileia in Northern Italy. Thematically, there is a slight focus on religion and religious architecture. Ideologically, as the editors rightly observe, the chapters are connected by the ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
Expositio Notarum ed. by A. C. Dionisotti (review)
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  Abstract: This book begins with a manuscript that presents a mystery. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Add. C.144 is a miscellany of late antique and early medieval grammatical and metrical treatises, a "mass Latinsalvaging project" (71) produced in central Italy in the eleventh century. On folios 114v to 132r, the scribe has copied a peculiar collection of Latin glosses entitled Expositio Notarum (EN). It comprises a series of around 1800 Latin keywords (lemmata) with explanations of their meaning ranging from single-word synonyms to discursive comments on their etymology and morphology. Most early medieval glossaries identify their textual sources or give them away by following the alphabetical or grammatical order of the text ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00
The Acts of Early Church Councils: Production and Character by Thomas
Graumann (review)
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  Abstract: Professor of Ancient Christian History and Patristics Studies at the University of Cambridge, Thomas Graumann has provided massive gains to the modern study of late antique and medieval church councils. Graumann's latest contribution, The Acts of Early Church Councils: Production and Character, offers a window into the complex and largely unpredictable operations underlying extant conciliar acts and canons. As Graumann explains, the method of his examination is to attend at one and the same time to concurrent descriptions of conciliar documentation and to retrospective assessments of those documents in later conciliar contexts. Together, these vantage points enable Graumann to reconstruct the likely "expectations ... Read More
  PubDate: 2024-05-09T00:00:00-05:00

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