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Authors:William Timothy Treal Taylor, E. James Dixon, Albert Hafner, Martin Hinz Pages: 1 - 3 PubDate: 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1558/jga.20547 Issue No:Vol. 5 (2021)
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Authors:Jürgen Junkmanns, Johanna Klügl, Giovanna Di Pietro, Albert Hafner Pages: 5 - 50 Abstract: The find of a yet unknown type of birch bark container in the site of Schnidejoch (Bernese Alps, Switzerland) was a surprise, for in all the wetland or lakeshore sites of Europe no parallels to this unique object are known to date. First, when only a small part was discovered, it was supposed to have been part of an arrow quiver. However, with the final appearance of the ca. 170 cm long container, it needed a new interpretation. The yew bow found at the same site, 160.5 cm long, would fit perfectly inside. Two silex arrowheads found in the bottom confirm an association with archery. The find could be identified as the first Neolithic bow case. PubDate: 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1558/jga.19685 Issue No:Vol. 5 (2021)
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Authors:Jason M. LaBelle, Kelton A; Meyer Pages: 51 - 71 Abstract: Rocky Mountain National Park contains a dense record of prehistoric Native American archaeological locales and biological resources, but questions remain about the past use of the Park’s ice patches by ancient humans and animals. Our survey of 30 locations in the Park revealed that the majority of ice patches are small in size and contain limited evidence of past visitation by mobile peoples, but moderate use by game. In this paper, we present new radiocarbon dates for materials documented in the recently melted forefield of the ROMO 9 ice patch, a mid-sized ice body located in alpine tundra along the Continental Divide. Dated materials include timber-sized pine trees, keratin and bone collagen from large game (bighorn sheep, elk), and a possible wooden artifact made from Mountain mahogany. Results suggest most finds date to several periods of known neoglaciation, during the mid-Holocene (c. 4150 cal BP) and the Little Ice Age (c. 115 cal BP). Our results corroborate past findings on mid-Holocene timberline in the Colorado Front Range, as well as the paucity of archaeological evidence from small ice patches in Colorado. PubDate: 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1558/jga.19957 Issue No:Vol. 5 (2021)
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Authors:Brandon Ackermann, Craig M. Lee, David McWethy, Nathan Chellman, Joe McConnell Pages: 73 - 84 Abstract: Ice patches are an irreplaceable archive of past events. With atypical melting now occurring around the world, it is important to be able to quantify and interpret the potential of what remains in areas of archaeological interest. A ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey was conducted at an archaeologically productive ice patch in the Greater Yellowstone Area to identify sediment layers in which archaeological materials may be present. Numerous reflective surfaces were observed and interpreted as being organic-rich layers called lags. GPR did not reveal all lag surfaces that were easily identifiable in an ice core that was collected concurrently at the same ice patch. 400 MHz and 900 MHz antennas were used in the survey, but neither fully revealed the basal profile of the ice patch. This is likely the result of the short time-window in which the data were collected, as opposed to attenuation of the radar waves deep in the ice. Future applications of the technology are explored. PubDate: 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1558/jga.19883 Issue No:Vol. 5 (2021)
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Authors:Gino Caspari Pages: 85 - 102 Abstract: In recent years airborne and spaceborne remote sensing have developed into a widely applied tool for archaeologists. In glacial archaeology, it has been employed successfully, but could see a wider application among practitioners. This article summarizes common remote sensing approaches useful to archaeologists in cryogenic environments. It covers simple applications using easily accessible data in order to enable the practitioner to monitor melt and contextualize archaeological sites within a larger landscape setting. The improved resolution and availability of remote sensing data enhances its usefulness with regards to identifying, documenting and monitoring sites in frozen environments and is a valuable addition to most field research pertaining to glacial archaeology. PubDate: 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1558/jga.19823 Issue No:Vol. 5 (2021)
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Authors:Julia Clark, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, Alicia Ventresca Miller, Sandra Vanderwarf, Isaac Hart, Gino Caspari, William Timothy Treal Taylor Pages: 103 - 120 Abstract: While pastoral cultures from Mongolia and the dry steppes of eastern Eurasia have had an outsized impact on Eurasian history, the region’s geomorphology, reliance on organic materials, and a nomadic culture that lacks long-lasting architecture on the landscape have conspired to limit our knowledge of important anthropological processes in the deep past. Frozen archaeological sites, including permafrost and finds from glaciers and ice patches, serve as a key exception to this rule, providing detailed snapshots into the ancient lifeways of Mongolia’s mountain zones. However, these sites pose unique challenges for archaeological conservation, and rapid climate warming, paired with other issues like looting, threatens to degrade them faster than they can be identified, studied, or preserved. Here we summarize the known frozen heritage of Mongolia and highlight a recent to-date unpublished case study on salvaging and studying frozen archaeological sites. PubDate: 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1558/jga.19784 Issue No:Vol. 5 (2021)
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