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Glass and Ceramics
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.238  Number of Followers: 3  Hybrid journal (It can contain Open Access articles)ISSN (Print) 1573-8515 - ISSN (Online) 0361-7610 Published by Springer-Verlag  [2468 journals]
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- Dielectric Properties of BN–ZrB2 and BN–ZrO2 Based Ceramics Produced
by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis-
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Abstract: The dielectric properties of BN–ZrB2 and BN–ZrO2 based ceramic materials synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) from a powder mixture (boron B, boron nitride BN, and zirconium dioxide ZrO2) in a nitrogen N2 atmosphere were investigated. The experimental results showed that the ceramic synthesized from the initial mixture with the composition (30B + 10ZrO2 + 60BN, wt.%) possesses room-temperature dielectric permittivity ε = 2.63 and dielectric loss tangent tan δ = 0.006.
PubDate: 2023-05-03
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- New Trends in Glass Matting Technologies
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Abstract: Contemporaneous trends in the development of technologies for matting glass and products from matted glass are considered. An efficient glass matting technology has been developed using an alternative source of energy—low-temperature plasma. It is demonstrated that a high-quality matt surface of the type ‘frosty matting’ is formed by using iron powders with dispersivity 160 and 450 µm. The microstructure of the matted surface was investigated. Theoretical aspects of matting glass are considered. The technological parameters of matting are determined and the developed technology is shown to be economically efficient.
PubDate: 2023-05-03
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- Thermal Processes in Glazed Tubes of a Heat Exchanger
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Abstract: The heat transfer coefficients and thermal conductivity of glass coatings on heat exchange tubes were investigated. A formula is obtained for determining the maximum thermal conductivity of a glass coating. It was found that during long-time operation of a heat exchanger the heat transfer coefficient of the glass coating on the pipe is independent of the cleanliness of the glass surface from the time of operation. However, in brass or copper pipes, over time the heat transfer coefficient drops sharply due to the formation of a strong layer of scale and corrosion products. A formula is obtained for calculating the maximum value of the heat transfer coefficient of glass coatings on pipes.
PubDate: 2023-05-01
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- Use of Additive Technologies for Making Silicon Carbide Ceramic Materials:
A Review-
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Abstract: The types of additive technologies and the prospects for their use in the fabrication of products from silicon carbide ceramic materials are considered. The most popular for obtaining parts of complex configurations are additive technologies such as stereolithography, photocuring, inkjet printing, layer-by-layer 3D printing by extrusion of ‘inks,’ three-dimensional printing, selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, lamination method, layer-by-layer deposition method.
PubDate: 2023-04-28
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- High-Temperature, Lightweight, Alkali-Activated Materials with
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Additives-
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Abstract: This article investigates how the concentration (from 18 to 6%) of an alkaline activator liquid (AL) affects the viscosity and physicomechanical properties of chamotte-based geopolymer composites with additives (foam-glass production waste, multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MCN), and an air-entrainer (AE)) as function of the heat-treatment temperature (three different temperatures). Heat-treatment at 1000°C decreases the density from 1600 to 1240 kg/m3 for samples with AE, strength from 20.0 to 2.6 MPa, and shrinkage from 5.9 to 1.5%. The combined use of AE and MCN makes it possible to increase the strength of the samples to 7.9 – 10.3% and decrease their shrinkage to 16.0 – 8.2%.
PubDate: 2023-04-28
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- Obtaining Aluminum Oxide Based Cermet by Internal Oxidation
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Abstract: The possibilities of obtaining Al2O3–Al cermet materials by means of liquid-phase oxidation of aluminum by blowing oxygen through the melt are considered. The ease-of-processing makes it possible to avoid the use of powder materials, which effects large variability in the shaping of the phase components of the materials obtained and cost reduction of their production as compared with the methods of powder metallurgy. It found that by controlling the oxidation process by changing the speed and supply of the gas mixture it is possible to obtain metal-ceramic composites with different geometric configurations of the ceramic phase and its amount. An algorithm, taking into account different aspects of the thermophysical process, for calculating the kinetics of aluminum oxidation during the preparation of the ceramic phase of the cermet is proposed
PubDate: 2023-04-28
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- Glassy Functional Fillers of Glass-Ionomer Cements in the System
SrO–Al2O3–P2O5–SiO2–F-
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Abstract: Functional fillers with 13 wt.% F were obtained, based on SrO–Al2O3–P2O5–SiO2–F glass, for glass-ionomer cements. A high level of radiopacity of the filling material was achieved by jointly introducing strontium oxide together with strontium fluoride into the glass filler. The use of readily fusible fluorine-containing raw materials in quantities that secure transparent glass made it possible to lower the glass transition temperature to 1500°C and lower, thereby affording industrial development of the developed compositions. The values of the refractive index of glasses with a high fluorine content nD is at about 1.50 and correspond to that of a polymer matrix of glass-ionomer cement, thereby securing dental material with high aesthetic characteristics. Samples of transparent, filling, glass-ionomer cement with high compressive strength > 100 MPa and 5 min hardening were obtained.
PubDate: 2023-04-28
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- Obtaining a New Film Scintillator Based on (8-oxyquinolate) Lithium: An
Overview-
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Abstract: Thin luminescent films of the organometallic complex of lithium 8-hydroxyquinolate Liq on glass substrates were fabricated by capillary deposition and lithography. The spectral-luminescent properties of the obtained film structures were investigated. The film surface was analyzed. The light yield and the kinetics of scintillation emission of the obtained film structures are estimated.
PubDate: 2023-04-27
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- Influence of Boron Oxide on the Technological Properties of Strontium
Aluminosilicate Glasses for Dentistry-
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Abstract: The influence of boron oxide additives in amounts 0 to 11 mol.% on the melting properties of glasses in the system SrO–Al2O3–TiO2–ZrO2–B2O3–SiO2 for use as fillers in dental filling composites in order to lower the melting temperature to technologically acceptable values (≤ 1500°C) and to increase the transparency of the produced finely crushed glass. It was found that as the B2O3 content increases, the melting temperature can be lowered from 1600°C (in glass without added B2O3) to 1480°C at B2O3 content 11.8 mol.%, and the glass transition temperature drops from 820 to 743°C. Transparent glasses with light transmission 80%, which are promising for making filling composites, already obtain at 6 mol.% B2O3 with melting temperature 1500°C.
PubDate: 2023-04-27
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- Research on the Ceramic Properties of Orenburg Oblast Clay
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Abstract: The properties of one type of clay from the Orenburg Oblast are considered so as to determine its applications in industry. The mineral and chemical compositions as well as the dispersivity were determined, and an assessment was made of its degree of sintering. It was determined that the Orenburg Oblast clay is basic, with a high content of coloring oxides, and has medium dispersivity, it is moderately plastic, well-dried, and insensitive to desiccation. The mineral composition of the clay was determined. It was found that the main phases are kaolinite, smectite, illite, and quartz. Possible areas of application in the production of ceramic were identified. This clay can be used for the production of ceramic tiles of groups AII (b-1, b-2), AIII, BII (b), and BIII (GOST 13996–2019), ceramic bricks of grade M200 and higher (GOST 530–2012), and ceramic tiles (GOST 56688–2015).
PubDate: 2023-04-27
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- SrO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2-Based Glass Fillers for Dental
Filling Composites-
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Abstract: A new glass-filler for dental composites has been developed based on glass in the system SrO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2. This filler meets contemporary requirements for filling materials and is characterized by high chemical resistant to water, acids and alkalis (Class I), high visible-range transparency (> 80%), and CLTE-compatibility with the polymer matrix. The melting temperature is acceptable, and crystallization is not a proclivity. It is shown [demonstrated that the new glass filler effects high-level medical-biological, operational, and functional properties of the dental composite based on it, and competitiveness with respect to the popular foreign-made analog materials.
PubDate: 2023-04-27
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- Investigation of Phase Formation in Ceramic Based on Zn, Sn, and Ti Oxides
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Abstract: Solid-phase sintering was used to make ceramic from a mixture of ZnO, SnO2, and TiO2 nanopowders used as precipitation-strengthening and arc-quenching components in silver-based electrocontact materials. The phase formation and microstructure of the resulting material were studied by electron microscopy, energy-dispersive microanalysis, and x-ray phase analysis. It was found that a dispersed structure of size 0.5 – 1.0 μm forms from the Zn2TiO4 and ZnO phases at sintering temperature 1123 K, and the samples have quite high porosity. Solid-phase reactions in the ZnO/TiO2 system at Tsint = 1123 K effect the formation of two-phase ZnO/Zn2TiO4 ceramic with zinc and tin oxide phases in residual amounts. At sintering temperature 1443 K grain growth occurs, Zn2SnO4 becomes the predominant phase, and a certain amount of zinc and tin oxide phases remains. There is no manifestations of titanium-containing phases (presumably TiO2 and Zn2TiO4), probably because of their low content.
PubDate: 2023-04-26
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- Surface Charges in the Natural Clays of Orenburg Oblast
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Abstract: The magnitude of surface charges and points of zero charge in water-clay suspensions with pH equal to 5, 7, and 9 were studied. Their changes on exposure to a microwave field and variations in the dispersity of particles were determined. Powders of two fractions of montmorillonite, polymineral, and kaolin clays of the Orenburg Oblast were chosen as the objects of investigation. The points of zero charge (PZC) of the indigenous clays were determined by means of weight titration, based on measuring the value of the limiting pH with an increase in the weight fractions of the clay. Processing of clay powders in a microwave field was conducted according to the following regime: output power 750 W, operating frequency 2.45 GHz, and exposure time 600 sec. The magnitude and sign of the charges formed at the interface between the particle surface and the electrolyte solution depend on the mineralogical composition of the particles. Finely dispersed fractions of two clays turned out to be sensitive to processing in a microwave field — montmorillonite-containing and polymineral; pH indicators of PZC shifted to the acidic region by 0.26 and 0.31, respectively (by 4%). The pH values of the PZC suspensions with kaolin clay after treatment in microwave radiation remained practically unchanged. If the pH of the solution surrounding the particle exceeds the pH of PZC, then the sorbent will be able to absorb cations; if the pH of the solution is below the pH of PZC, then anions are absorbed. The results obtained will make it possible to use microwaves as a tool for expanding pH range and thereby promoting efficient sorption of anions and cations.
PubDate: 2023-04-26
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- Glass with Enhanced Phosphorus Oxide Content for Fillers of Glass Ionomer
Cements-
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Abstract: Glass in the system SiO2–Al2O3–SrO–P2O5–F with phosphorus oxide content 7 – 12 mol.% was obtained. The combination of properties of the resulting glass (refractive index 1.514 – 1.535, CLTE 44 × 10 –7 – 61 × 10 –7 K – 1, transmission > 85%, radio-opacity ≥ 300%), together with the ease of the synthesis process (melting temperature < 1500°C), indicates that such glass holds promise for use as a filler in glass ionomer cements for dentistry.
PubDate: 2023-04-26
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- Al2O3-Based Ceramic Materials for LTCC Technology: An Overview
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Abstract: The difficulties of obtaining high-temperature (HTCC) and low-temperature (LTCC) ceramics and the transition from the high-temperature process of obtaining ceramic materials to the low-temperature process are discussed. Atypical process for obtaining LTCC as well as the characteristics and properties of a classic glass-ceramic composite are described. The basic applications of glass-ceramic obtained by LTCC technology are shown.
PubDate: 2023-04-26
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- Gurlan Hydromicaceous Clay — Low-Temperature Flux in Ceramic
Production-
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Abstract: A comprehensive investigation of the characteristics of clay from the Gurlan deposit showed that in a chemical formulation Gurlan hydromicaceous clay possesses a relatively high content of iron oxide and alkali oxides as well as fine dispersity and a small amount of finely dispersed free quartz, which make this clay readily fusible. It was also found that the Gurlan clay can be used as a low-temperature fluxing component, instead of cullet, erklez [glass stones], nepheline syenite, etc., in the development of ceramic compositions.
PubDate: 2023-04-25
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- Synthesis of Multicomponent Compounds with Pyrochloric Structure
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Abstract: The solid-phase synthesis of multicomponent bismuth tantalates and niobates with pyrochloric structure (space group Fd-3m), containing equimolar amounts of transition 3d-element atoms, is demonstrated. The composition of such pyrochlores can be described by the stoichiometric formula Bi2Cr1/6Mn1/6Fe1/6Co1/6Ni1/6Cu1/6Ta(Nb)2O9±∆. An aspect of the synthesis of pyrochlores is a multi-stage high-temperature process of heat treatment of samples in the range of 650 – 1050°C for 60 h. For pyrochlore based on bismuth tantalate, an impurity phase of triclinic bismuth orthotantalate β-BiTaO4 (sp. gr. P-1) is formed in trace quantities. Complex pyrochlore based on bismuth niobate is characterized by a dense, low-porous microstructure, in contrast to open, porous tantalum pyrochlore with average grain size equal to about 2 µm. The unit cell parameter for niobium- and tantalum-containing pyrochlores is equal to 10.4927 (10.4922) Å respectively.
PubDate: 2023-02-28
DOI: 10.1007/s10717-023-00523-7
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- Technological Aspects of the Delabeling of Crushed Glass Containers
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Abstract: Technological aspects of the delabeling of crushed glass containers are considered. The operation of some types of equipment used in performing such a function is analyzed. Designs are proposed for the vibratory feeders used to remove light-weight impurities.
PubDate: 2023-02-28
DOI: 10.1007/s10717-023-00526-4
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- GLASS AND CERAMICS Volume 79, Number 9
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PubDate: 2023-01-01
DOI: 10.1007/s10717-023-00511-x
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- Glass and Ceramics Volume 79, Number 10
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PubDate: 2023-01-01
DOI: 10.1007/s10717-023-00519-3
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