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Abstract: Abstract A growing body of literature has shown that Black girls are disciplined at disproportionate rates compared to their peers. However, less is known about factors that may protect Black girls from experiencing exclusionary discipline. Utilizing a critical quantitative methodology and guided by critical race feminism and social bonding theories, I conducted logistic regression analyses using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K) to test several demographic, behavioral, school bonding, and school context factors that contribute to this discipline gap. The results suggest that school bonding may serve protective effects for Black girls and is an important factor to consider in reducing their odds of suspension. This finding provides valuable insights for future research and policies and practices to foster inclusive learning spaces in schools for Black girls. PubDate: 2023-10-26
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Abstract: Abstract African American women have been protected against death by suicide, and it is important to determine factors that protect against suicide in this population. Racial identity, which shapes African Americans’ self-concept, may cultivate facets of well-being among African American women. We investigated the relations among racial identity profiles and well-being, namely reasons for living, existential well-being, and suicide resilience, among 198 African American women with a recent suicide attempt. Using latent profile analysis, we found that racial identity profiles characterized by higher racial group identification and more positive feelings about being African American were associated with greater reasons for living, existential well-being, and suicide resilience. Ideas for culturally responsive interventions are proposed. PubDate: 2023-10-21
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Abstract: Abstract This study addresses the question of whether there is an association between tracing family roots and indicators of psychological well-being among African Americans, specifically self-esteem, mastery, and feelings of hopelessness. Data from a nationally representative sample of African Americans was used for this analysis. The findings of the bivariate regression models showed that having traced one’s family roots (i.e., personally or a family member of the respondent) was associated with significantly higher levels of mastery and self-esteem and reduced feelings of hopelessness. The relationships between tracing one’s family roots, self-esteem, and feelings of hopelessness remained after adjusting for relevant socio-demographic, health, and psychosocial factors. Study limitations and directions for future research are discussed. PubDate: 2023-10-13
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Abstract: Abstract Upon its premiere in 2014, ABC’s black-ish introduced network television audiences to a unique representation of Black middle-class (BMC) life that defies existing norms in the genre of domestic situation comedy. To make sense of the significant cultural work the series performs, this article introduces a new framework for categorizing how we understand televisual representations of Black middle classness—through surreal, real, or honest lenses—and argues black-ish, unlike its predecessors, is committed to producing honesty. An honest view of BMC life requires a willingness to explore how it feels to negotiate persistent friction between one’s racial and class positionality. Black-ish achieves honesty through the series’ title and its deployment of three key devices: self-conscious conversations about race and class, voiceovers that allow access to characters’ internal dialogues, and “teachable moments” designed to educate (largely-white) audiences about BMC experiences. In the end, honesty offers a more fruitful pathway for (re)imagining and engaging with BMC figures in popular television and BMC people in everyday life. PubDate: 2023-10-10
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Abstract: Abstract Millennials are the burnout generation. To understand the multiple components connected to burnout in the millennial generation, specifically those working in a helping field, and how to combat burnout symptoms, the researcher interviewed eight participants in various careers. A qualitative, phenomenological research design was utilized through a Zoom interview of ten questions. The interviews were employed to gather data regarding the millennials’ perception of their experience with burnout, how they felt generation plays a role in the onset, and the self-care techniques they utilize to decrease symptoms. The study found that each participant felt they had experienced burnout and connected the experience to the pressure of growing up as a millennial and the high demands of their respective careers. Multiple resources for combatting burnout symptoms were identified, including decreased work demands, more flexibility, and the ability to change schedules. PubDate: 2023-10-01
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Abstract: Abstract 1619 CE was selected as the starting point in reference to enslaved Afrikans supposedly arriving at the British colony of Jamestown, Virginia as referenced on numerous Government of Ghana websites for 2019’s Year of Return. In this article, we will use various primary and scholarly sources to interrogate “white” epistemologies and anglocentric frames of reference of using 1619 CE as a starting point for anti-Black enslavement while challenging biblical parallels and references to 400 years (Brauchle in Virginia changing marker denoting where first Africans arrived in 1619, Web: dailypress.com, 2015). Using an Afrikan-centered analysis, we argue that the arbitrary selection of the anglocentric date of 1619 CE cannot be at the center of any narrative told from the perspective of Afrikan = Black people lest we erase the memory of hundreds of thousands of Afrikan ancestors enslaved prior to that time in what would eventually become the continental USA and elsewhere. PubDate: 2023-10-01
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Abstract: Abstract Mistrust of the medical community lies not only in the shadows of history but also in the shadows of present day. As a consequence of that mistrust, African Americans are not as likely to seek the help of clinicians when experiencing challenges in their marriages; they underutilize the clinical/therapy route (Nightingale in J Fam Psychother 30(3):221–244, 2019). When strife emerges, some couples do seek professional help and use therapy as a way to mitigate couple distress (Lebow in in J Marital Fam Ther 38(1):145–168, 2012); however, others, particularly African Americans, tend to seek help from God, religious leaders, or friends (Tulane in Marriage Fam Rev 47(5):289–310, 2011; Vaterlaus in Contemp Fam Ther 37(1):22–32, 2015). One study reported that less than 10% of African Americans in their sample sought therapy as a means of dealing with marital problems (Vaterlaus in Contemp Fam Ther 37(1):22–32, 2015). Although much is known about help-seeking behaviors, that research is largely centered around samples of White couples; relatively, little is known about help-seeking among marginalized married populations. We aim to fill this gap in the literature. This topic is important because relational distress is negatively associated with mental health and negatively associated with general well-being (Lakey in Psychol Rev 118(3):482–495, 2011). In 2016, over one million African Americans experienced depression, and only 6 out of 10 who met criteria for depression received treatment (for review, see Nguyen in J Affect Dis 253:1–7, 2019). Given the connections between relational distress and mental health, exploring what couples (particularly African American couples) do when they are experiencing relational strife is critical. PubDate: 2023-09-28
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Abstract: Abstract African American women bear a mental health burden and are less likely to seek and receive appropriate services than their dominant culture peers. African Americans may underutilize professional counseling services due to factors such as stigma, healthy cultural mistrust, and cultural values. To date, researchers have paid limited attention to ways to break through barriers to mental health equity. This phenomenological study examined the lived experiences of ten African American women who sought service from licensed professional counselors. Participants sought help after failure of self-care and traditional supports, recognized barriers, and approached counseling as a last resort. Through counseling, they found new perspectives, surprise connections, and opportunities for growth. Findings inform communities about what counseling is (and is not) as well as different types of support that can be obtained from a professional counselor. Limitations and future research directions are discussed. PubDate: 2023-09-21
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Abstract: Abstract Career mobility for Black individuals may appear individualistic, ignoring the collectivistic endeavor involved to achieve success. This qualitative study explored participants’ mentorship relationships, analogous to the underground railroad system, as it relates to navigating their careers. Participants, who are Black professionals in various career fields, detailed how the support provided by their mentors allowed them to understand the nuances of career mobility while gaining lifelong relationships, resources, and networks necessary for continued and sustainable success. The theoretical frameworks for this study used Phenomenological Variant Ecological Systems Theory (PVEST) and Social Capital Theory. Analyses of 15 individual semi-structured interviews were highlighted in 3 central themes: (1) mentorship plays a key role in career mobility; (2) forms of mentorship: social/emotional vs. instrumental support; and (3) conductors of the railroad: mentorship across racial lines. This work has implications for development of comprehensive mentoring programs and career support for Black professionals across disciplines. PubDate: 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09628-3
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Abstract: Abstract This quantitative study explores factors associated with the persistence rates of African American students aspiring to major in STEM subjects and who ultimately complete undergraduate STEM degrees. The primary data source for this study is the Cooperative Institutional Research Program’s 2009 The Freshman Survey (TFS) and the 2013 College Senior Survey (CSS). The sample included 379 African American students who indicated on TFS that they intended to declare STEM as their major. The findings reveal that African American undergraduates are significantly more likely to persist in STEM majors with increased levels of faculty mentor engagement. The findings demonstrate the need for institutions to implement curricula that encourage meaningful faculty engagement to contribute to the creation of more inclusive academic environments for African American students in STEM. PubDate: 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09629-2
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Abstract: Abstract This article argues for Gideon Edward Smith’s admission into the College Football Hall of Fame. He was the first black football player at Michigan State University, contributing to football’s popularity among black men in the early twentieth century. As a coach at Hampton Institute, Smith built the first black football powerhouse program in the 1920s. Smith was also black football’s first apologist, arguing that the game groomed black men for race leadership in the Jim Crow era. Black media’s support of Smith’s mission led to reforms that propelled black college football towards its maturity after World War II. Historians currently discuss black college football through analysis of famed post-World War II coaches who groomed assertive black men in opposition to American racism with the help of black sports journalism. This dynamic began with Gideon Edward Smith–a man whose contributions to the game best explains how college football writ large evolved from an elite pastime for wealthy white men to an objective metric of black achievement. PubDate: 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09613-w
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Abstract: Abstract Well-known in educational circles is the terminology that encapsulates the achievement discrepancy between white and Black students. The so-called achievement gap, the signature language used to represent the different achievement levels, challenges educators everywhere to find best practices to attend to the needs and interests of Black students. With dubious beginnings, the achievement gap arguably began during the period of American history when black people were enslaved and disallowed to educate themselves with even the most basic literacy components. This writing traces the lineage of black literacy from the mid-1700s to the present and makes the case that there is no achievement gap, there only exists a so-called achievement gap that has continually proven harmful to Black children. Accordingly, this article uses BlackCrit to examine the so-called achievement gap and to offer suggestions for mitigating its impact in educational environments. PubDate: 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09623-8
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Please help us test our new pre-print finding feature by giving the pre-print link a rating. A 5 star rating indicates the linked pre-print has the exact same content as the published article.
Abstract: Abstract Religious coping is fundamental among African Americans, and it can influence psychiatric symptoms. This study examines if positive and negative religious coping mediate the relation between cumulative stress and recent life stressors and depressive symptoms among African American women with past histories of intimate partner violence and suicidality. Mediation analysis that employed bootstrapping was performed in a sample of 68 low-income African American women. Findings revealed that negative but not positive religious coping mediated the links between cumulative stress and recent life stressors and depressive symptoms, suggesting that women exposed to stressors struggle more with their religious faith, which related to increased depressive symptoms. Conclusions pertaining to the benefits of culturally-responsive interventions that address negative religious coping are discussed. PubDate: 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09622-9
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Abstract: Abstract A historical lack of access to healthcare and the mistreatment of Black women among those in the medical field have contributed to the health disparities against this group today. Based on existing health disparities affecting Black women, this study examined the feasibility of using nail salons, beauty salons, and hair salons as an avenue for health education efforts for Black women. An online survey was used to reach Black-owned salon workers. A total of 20 female participants completed the survey. Most participants preferred sharing health information with their clients through one-on-one conversations. Eighty percent of participants were willing to receive training on health topics so they could educate their clients. Findings suggest that it is feasible to utilize beauty stylists as lay health workers to promote positive health education among Black women. Further studies are needed to address health topics that clients would be willing to discuss with their stylists. PubDate: 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09626-5
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Abstract: Abstract Various programs and policies have been implemented to deal with concentrated poverty, especially in public housing developments located in urban centers across the nation (Goetz, 2003). The programs aim to move public housing residents to lower-poverty areas or to bring in higher-income individuals when the developments are redeveloped into mixed-income communities. Numerous studies that assess poverty deconcentration initiatives are critical of the programs (Joseph 2006; Imbroscio, 2012a, b; DeFilippis & Fraser, 2010). Most of these studies were done prior to the proliferation of contemporary racial justice movements, like the BlacksLivesMatter movement, and focus on issues of class. Using ethnographic data and semi-structured interviews, this research explores the discourse people use in their efforts to deconcentrate poverty in the city of Chicago and how public housing residents and organizers contest these views. This research finds that politicians, developers, and Chicago Housing Authority officials regularly use implicit and explicit narratives about race in their development and implementation of poverty deconcentration initiatives, despite broader dialog about racial disparities because of the BlackLivesMatters movement. The findings indicate that racialized discourse about the deficient behavior of residents and the spaces where they live is still foundational in the redevelopment of their communities. PubDate: 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09620-x
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Abstract: Abstract Toni Morrison’s Paradise (1997) is a contemporary African American novel that has often been interpreted as either utopian, dystopian, or a gothic piece of literature. Scrutinizing the non-linearity of time in Paradise and connecting it to the historical events at the time the novel was written, we wish to highlight Morrison’s criticism of Eurocentric utopian traditions. Furthermore, we emphasize Morrison’s suggestion of reimagining a reconstructed future through re-examining African American history. By analyzing tropes of metaphorical time travel, parallel universes, and the jump in time integrated with the technology of the 1970s when the events of the novel occurred, we suggest that Paradise can be tackled from an Afrofuturistic lens to visualize a different future. Hence, we argue that Paradise is an Afrofuturistic novel that helps readers envision a new form of Reconstruction through mediating between African American history and technoculture. PubDate: 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12111-023-09625-6
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