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Authors:Martins A. Akinseye, Ruth M. Mugri Pages: 2 - 30 Abstract: Employees are very important to any organization. Their expedient contribution towards the organizations‟ success is significant. Hence, training these important assets effectively becomes necessary to enhance their performance especially in the banking industry. The Nigerian banking industry faces a number of challenges in relation to employee development such as inability to spend budgetary provision for training when there is lull in business and poor management support of training. This study thus investigated the effects of management support of training on employee performance in Nigerian banking industry. The survey research design was used. The population of the study comprised of 121,445 employees of the 22commercial banks in the Nigerian banking industry from which a sample of 399 employees were selected using stratified sampling technique and 365 representing 92% per cent were retrieved. A questionnaire titled “Training on employee performance Questionnaire (T-EPQ)” was used to collect data. Data elicited were analysed using frequencies, percentages and regression analysis at 0.05 significant levels. The findings revealed that management support of training significantly affect employee performance (P (.000)˂.05). The study concluded that training in the Nigerian Banking Industry affects employee performance. This study therefore recommends that employees should be trained adequately to meet their needs, values and expectations, most importantly to enhance employees performance. More so, management of banks should ensure maximum support of training to facilitate qualitative service delivery. Finally, CBN should adopt and implement policies enforcing management of Nigerian banking industry to ensure adequate training budget that will facilitate qualitative training programmes as innovative for improving employee performance in today‟s dynamic banking environment. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Lilian Onyinye Ohanyere, Gloria Mayen Umukoro, Chinweze Nwagwu Pages: 32 - 48 Abstract: This article explores the traditional communication and adoption of Covid19 safety protocol in Afaha Oku group of villages in Akwa Ibom State, South South Nigeria. It questions the effectiveness of traditional communication in information health delivery among residents, the traditional communication medium that was used to disseminate the information, the extent to which traditional communication was adopted, the factors that militated against traditional communication. It uses ethnographic descriptive data sourced through participation, observations, metalinguistic conversations based on simple random sampling by balloting. 180 participants were interviewed. 54 males and 126 females respectively. A self-development instrument on: traditional communication and adoption of Covid-19 safety protocol in Afaha Oku group of villages in Akwa Ibom State (TCACSPAOGVAIS) was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument stands at 0.89. Mean scores are used to answer the research questions while t-test is used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results indicate zero traditional communication due to poor education of town criers on Covid-19 protocols resulting in wider spread of pandemic. There was no significant difference between the mean responses of male and female respondents of Afaha Oku group of villages on traditional communication and adoption of Covid-19 safety protocol. The calculated t-value of 1.70 is less than the critical value of 1.980. Therefore, gender was a nullity and the null hypothesis was retained. Thus, it concludes that to avoid lapses in information and wider spread of pandemic, town criers should be adequately educated and funds made available for to cater for future exercises. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Gladys D. Ukume, Vincent U. Uguma Pages: 50 - 67 Abstract: Mentoring as a coaching aid could be a critical personal development and empowerment tool for enhancing poetry and literature generally. Many students believe that poetry is too abstract, and difficult to comprehend. This study therefore investigated the effectiveness of using mentoring strategy to upgrade students‟ self-efficacy and performance in poetry in Benue State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study while two hypotheses were formulated and tested. The study adopted the quasi-experimental design, specifically the non-randomised design using intact classes. The sample consisted of 40 senior secondary one students drawn from two schools through purposive and simple random techniques. Data were collected through researchers‟ developed “Questionnaire on Students‟ Self-efficacy in Poetry” (QSSP) and Poetry Performance Test (PPT). Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyse the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study indicated a significant difference in the mean rating levels of self-efficacy of mentored and non-mentored students. Further finding showed that students who were mentored significantly performed higher in poetry than those who were not mentored. The study therefore recommended that Literature-in-English teachers should be specially trained on the use of mentoring teaching strategy to upgrade students‟ self-efficacy and performance in poetry. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Dorothy Tukahabwa Pages: 68 - 83 Abstract: In Rwanda, young women lag behind men in terms of accessing opportunities in science. Gender stereotyping and the nature of the curriculum are among the many factors that discourage them from choosing to study science subjects in secondary school and subsequently, at university. This paper aims to explain why girls in Rwandan secondary schools are less likely to choose science subjects than their male counterparts. Using an interdisciplinary qualitative methodology and drawing on both feminist theory and a case-study approach, this paper casts light on women‟s experiences in their quests to study science subjects in secondary schools and later at university. The study reveals several factors behind female students‟ subject selection in secondary school, including the influences of male students and the impact of sexist comments from teachers and in the curriculum itself. These findings fill important research gaps on the intersection between gender and science-related subjects in Rwandan secondary schools and other similar contexts. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Itoro Domobongse Ekong Pages: 85 - 102 Abstract: Ibibio symbols appear not to be assembled in clip art packages. Therefore, there is obvious lack of Ibibio traditional clip art in computer applications. Thus, an Ibibio graphics designer does not have a readymade repository of the symbols where they can be picked and used with ease as the need arises. This, therefore, constrains Ibibio designers to use images that are misfits in most designs that have traditional Ibibio themes. It is against this backdrop that this study was undertaken. The aim of the study was to create clip art in Ibibio symbols for computer applications. The objectives were to select Ibibio symbols in clip art for boys and girls category; to make digital illustration of select Ibibio symbols in clip art for culture category; make digital illustration of select Ibibio symbols in clip art for dance category; and make digital illustration for play category. The study gathered data from secondary and primary sources. Sketches, photographs and Adobe Photoshop Software were adapted complementarily for the illustrations. The study revealed that it is possible to create digital illustrations using Ibibio symbols for computer application in clip art. The study recommends that more digital illustrations of Ibibio and other Nigerian and African cultural background clip art should be created. Same should be profusely used by Ibibio designers, and others, in their design content so as to popularize Ibibio symbols. The study also recommends that Apps on Ibibio clip arts and emoticons should be created by software designers. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Ogbudu Gabriel Ada Pages: 104 - 133 Abstract: Dental discoloration from fluorosis is an over looked public health problem. In Nigeria, 11.4% of the population is impacted by this disorder. Dental fluorosis caused by successive exposures to high fluoride concentrations during tooth development in utero is linked to the development of a variety of psychological and physiological problems: from dental aesthetics to a reduction in intelligence and skeletal changes. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to examine the influences of biological make up and environment in the development of dental fluorosis in children in a rural community in Nigeria. A multilevel theoretical model was used to develop possible fluoride exposure pathways, in order to identify such factors. The study was guided by 2 main research questions: What is the prevalence of fluorosis among Nigerian school-aged children' What is its association with the prevailing influences of age, gender, duration of residence and health behavior' Data was collected by administering surveys, on children aged 5 to15 years. Chi-square tests were used to test for possible associations. The study findings showed a fluorosis prevalence rate of 86.6% in the 269 school children surveyed, with majority of these children between the ages of 8 to 13 years. The severity of children fluorosis was associated with the length of stay in the study area and not gender. This study’s possible impact on social change include raising awareness to this problem which is more environmental and identify possible ways to resolve it, such as through, improved dental care services and a supportive social environment like flocculation of community water sources. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Nadir A. Nasidi Pages: 135 - 146 Abstract: Though slavery as a social institution had been part and parcel of almost all human societies for a time immemorial, the concept lacks a proper foregrounding and all-encompassing definition. Similarly, most literature tend to have overlooked the major characteristics of slavery as the concept was in most cases impliedly treated. Using written documents and qualitative research methodology, this paper brings out the major features of slavery and its varying perspectives from one African society to another. It also examines some conceptual issues revolving around the meaning, forms, roles and challenges associated with the concept of slavery. This paper finds out that though slaves were highly persecuted by slave owners aside the deprivation of all their rights, Islam and other African societies provided some basic ‘rights’ to people that are enslaved. These include rights to marry, or even own properties as the case may be. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Stephen Magor Ellah, God’sgift Ogban Uwen, Stella Asibong Ansa Pages: 148 - 164 Abstract: Leadership is an essential component of every human society that guarantees the overall wellbeing of the citizens. In Africa, particularly in Nigeria, there have been several complaints of bad leadership which adversely affects the country and its citizens. Some of such complaints are expressed in newspapers‟ editorials. This study is a cognitive pragmatic reading of the Punch newspaper‟s editorial, “Buhari‟s Lawlessness: Our Stand” with two rejoinders from the Presidential spokespersons which were obtained from online versions of the Punch newspapers and Premium Times. The study draws from conceptual metaphor and appraisal theories to account for the conceptual mapping, evaluation and stance of the writers. The findings reveal the evocation of six conceptual metaphors, five of which were mapped by the editorial writer to index President Buhari‟s alleged repressive administration and the Nigerian citizens‟ plight: the administration as a predator, the administration as a bully, the administration as evil, Nigerian citizens as preys, and Nigerian citizens as victors. And one conceptual metaphor is mapped by the Presidential spokespersons: the administration as a friend of the press. These conceptual mappings were strengthened by appraisal resources of attitude and engagement that enabled the writers to dis/affiliatively position themselves in the discourse. The study concludes that a linguistic study of newspapers‟ editorials provides insights into the understanding of national issues and the amelioration of leadership problem in Nigeria. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Yusuf Tsojon Ishaya Pages: 165 - 181 Abstract: Humour has a high profile in the society and it is influential as a way of establishing friendship. It is evident that humour refers to anything that people say or do and is perceived as funny and tends to make others laugh. Humour is a universal phenomenon that is exhibited by most cultures. This paper explores humourous contents in Peter Enahoro‟s novel, The Complete Nigerian through the adoption of J.L Austin‟s (1962) Speech Act Theory with insight from John Searle‟s (1969) Speech Act Theory. The study adopted quantitative and qualitative research method for analysis of data. The data for analysis were extracted from the primary text; The Complete Nigerian where ten (10) humorous utterances were used. In line with one of the objectives of the study, frequency count was conducted and the result showed that out of the five classification of speech act by J. Searle only two was accounted for. They are; Representatives and Directives. Representatives accounted for 70% while directives accounted for 30%. The preponderance use of "representatives" in the data analysed is an indication that the author knows who the complete Nigerians are by always making factual utterances and asserting his stance on complete Nigerians. The "directive" depicts the rhetorical questions the author always throws at his readers to ponder on the happenings in Nigeria. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Amaka Epundu, Florence Elomba Pages: 182 - 195 Abstract: Cette présente recherche s’inscrite dans la traduction des slogans publicitaires des produits nigérians. Étant donné que l’acceptabilité d’une traduction réside dans le fait que la traduction doit justifier l’objectif auquel elle est destinée, on vise dans cette étude à examiner la servitude des principes traductionnels en interprétant fidèlement de la charge stylistique sans la perte du sens des slogans dans la langue d’arrivée. Le cadre analytique de cette étude est basé sur les dans les slogans de la langue originale. L’étude révèle que la plupart des slogans traduits en français par la voie de la littéralité présentent une incongruité linguistique et stylistique des slogans de la langue originale. Cela implique que la fidélité aux exigences stylistiques et sémantiques s’avère indispensable en traduction des slogans. L’étude révèle aussi que la littéralité et l’adaptation sont les principes traductionnels prédominants en traduction des slogans. PubDate: 2022-06-15 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Adedoyin Aguoru Pages: 197 - 215 Abstract: The dichotomy between the sciences and the humanities has continued to be a concern, particularly in the 21st Century. However, conscious and consistent efforts are being made globally at bridging the gap through the promotion of interaction and multidisciplinary approach to issues. Contemporary studies on these have not only engaged from diverse theoretical positions but have made specific interventions in reconstructing the link that will synergise both in the new world order. This study juxtaposes these realities vis -a-vis the purpose and significance of the sciences and the humanities as separate enterprises, and when melded together as a single enterprise. Taking bearing from the medical practices of Sigmund Freud, his interpretations and diagnostic approach to literature; this paper examines the professional experience of Wale Okediran and his literary writings. Okediran, a Nigerian physician, writer and politician, through his work, social and political interaction further ennobles the fusion of the sciences and the humanities in being able to conscientise and positively influence his society. PubDate: 2022-06-16 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Manasseh Teryima Akese, Akpen Augustin Leva Pages: 216 - 227 Abstract: La problématique de ce travail est basée sur le despair et la perplexité qui constituent la misère et la tracasserie dans la vie humaine. L’homme vit dans un univers qui est plus ou moins engouffré par les maladies, la pauvreté, le chômage, la crise sociopolitique et économique. À travers ces chagrins, la plupart des gens ont une notion de bovarysme qui déclenche quelque fois, la misère de la vie. Notre but fondamental est de dévoiler les troubles socio-psychologiques qui dépravent l’homme de son bonheur et de donner à l’homme une prise de conscience de la révolte historique. Nous voulons fait l’analyse du texte- Qu’est-ce que la littérature 'pour montrer l’oeuvre littéraire comme un témoignage de la condition humaine. Nous avons employé les méthodes analytiques et descriptives pour bien présenter notre travail. Ces méthodes nous a permis de faire l’analyse et la description des fonctions de la littérature dans la perspective sociopolitique et psychologique de l’homme. Nous avons adopté la théorie du marxisme qui nous a rendus capable de mettre en relief quelques traites sociales comme la corruption, la deshumanisation, la pauvreté, l’injustice et le conflit qui aboutissent à la perplexité de l’homme. Nous avons adopté également l’approche sociocritique qui nous a aidé de voir l’oeuvre littéraire comme un témoignage de la vie humaine, par rapport ses fonctions. Nous avons découvert que l’oeuvre littéraire est un révélateur qui parle de tout sans avoir peur de risque. Finalement, nous avons remarqué que la notion du bovarysme est la cause de la perplexité dans la vie humaine. L’oeuvre littéraire fait appel symétrique et donne une prise de conscience à l’homme de se réveiller de sa misère. Les mots clés : La condition humaine, l’oeuvre littéraire et le témoignage. PubDate: 2022-06-16 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Ibituru Iwowari Pepple, Gabe Onah Pages: 229 - 247 Abstract: This paper discussed television programmes productions and the aesthetics germane to them. The paper noted that a good number of television stations are snubbed by viewers due to lack of interest conducted by poor aesthetics quality. The complete enumeration method was adopted together with in-depth interviews (IDI) of Directors of Nigeria Television Authority, Port Harcourt (NTA) and Rivers State Television (RSTV) Port Harcourt as well programme producers of the aforementioned stations and purposefully selected viewers resident in Port Harcourt metropolise. In addition, documentary research method was used to supplement the IDI. Finding indicate that aesthetics of programme in review were poorly done and caused viewers apathy. Panning and movements of camera to indicate changes in scenes, moods and transition of shot where shoddily manipulated by the Directors and videographers. Again, improper positioning/placement of properties (props), lighting, costume and microphone placement did not add phillip to the overall aesthetics. It was concluded that the responsibility of achieving aesthetics, rests on the television programme producer. The paper recommends that the right production elements should be deployed to enable a good programme production as well as training and retraining of personnel involved in the totality of programme production. PubDate: 2022-06-16 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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Authors:Happiness Uduk Pages: 249 - 263 Abstract: This paper on culture, religion and women‘s socio-economic needs in 2st century Nigeria explores the place of the woman through the two major religions in Nigeria: Christianity and Islam. The two religions permit the woman to own or inherit certain properties either from their fathers or late husbands. A woman is even allowed to buy properties provided she has the means. However, culture restricts the woman from owning certain properties in Nigeria. When culture comes to play the woman is relegated to the background. The woman is only meant to be seen and not to be heard. In some Nigeria‘s custom sand traditions culture is often used as a tool for justifying the violations of women‘s rights especially in the areas of marriage and property, reflecting deepseated patriarchal structures and harmful gender stereotypes. The paper is anchored on Abraham Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs. Abraham Maslow as a renowned researcher in the study of human needs and motivation, came up with his famous hierarchy of needs theory with a proposal that people are motivated by five levels of needs namely: (1) Physiological needs (2) Safety needs (3) Love and belonging needs (4) Esteem and prestige needs (5) Self-actualization needs. Two additional levels of needs namely: (6) Understanding needs and (7) Aesthetic needs were later included in Abraham Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs. The focus of Abraham Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs is now on motivation of people by seven (7) levels of needs in human environment. The emphasis on Abraham Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs is that there are certain basic needs which must be met before other needs can, indeed, be considered in human environment, especially in the case of women in Nigeria. Abraham Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs further focuses on exploration of human desire to address people‘s needs in order to improve their living conditions in human environment. No man is an island unto himself in Nigeria. Social groupings, associations, affiliations and belongings which are based on love are needed to enhance harmonious human co-existence in both genders. This gives people the courage and confidence to contribute or stand up to women‘s needs to improve their living conditions. This paper helps to equip the place of women‘s in Nigeria with a better understanding of Abraham Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs and its application to real life situations of needs among women in Nigeria. The paper reveals that, culturally, women are viewed as inferior to men, and a male-child is generally celebrated and allotted higher portions of properties. However, the tenets of both Islam and Christianity do not disregard the woman in terms of right to own properties. PubDate: 2022-06-16 Issue No:Vol. 19, No. 2 (2022)
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