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The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology
Journal Prestige (SJR): 0.392  Citation Impact (citeScore): 1 Number of Followers: 4  Open Access journalISSN (Print) 0022-1260 - ISSN (Online) 1349-8037 Published by Microbiology Research Foundation, The [1 journal] |
- Effects of n-butanol production on metabolism and the photosystem in
Synecococcus elongatus PCC 7942 based on metabolic flux and target
proteome analyses
Authors: Keisuke Wada, Kiyoka Uebayashi, Yoshihiro Toya, Sastia Prama Putri, Fumio Matsuda, Eiichiro Fukusaki, James C Liao, Hiroshi Shimizu
Abstract: Although n-butanol (BuOH) is an ideal fuel because of its superior physical properties, it has toxicity to microbes. Previously, a Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 derivative strain that produces BuOH from CO(2) was developed by introducing six heterologous genes (BUOH-SE strain). To identify the bottleneck in BuOH production, the effects of BuOH production and its toxicity on central metabolism and the photosystem were investigated. Parental (WT) and BUOH-SE strains were cultured under...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-03-19
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.03.002
- Correction
Abstract: No abstract
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-03-13
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.03.001
- Enhanced production of recombinant proteins in Corynebacterium glutamicum
using a molecular chaperone
Authors: Yali Wang, Xiuxia Liu, Ye Li, Yankun Yang, Chunli Liu, Robert J Linhardt, Fuming Zhang, Zhonghu Bai
Abstract: Protein synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum is critical for applications in biotechnology and medicine. However, the use of C. glutamicum for protein production is limited by its low expression and aggregation. To overcome these limitations, a molecular chaperone plasmid system was developed in this study to improve the efficiency of recombinant protein synthesis in C. glutamicum. The effect of molecular chaperones on target protein synthesis (Single-chain variable fragment, Scfv) under...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-03-06
- Bacillus velezensis S141, a soybean growth-promoting bacterium, hydrolyzes
isoflavone glycosides into aglycones
Authors: Takahiko Kondo, Surachat Sibponkrung, Ken-Yu Hironao, Panlada Tittabutr, Nantakorn Boonkerd, Shu Ishikawa, Hitoshi Ashida, Neung Teaumroong, Ken-Ichi Yoshida
Abstract: Bacillus velezensis S141, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), was isolated from a soybean field in Thailand. Previous studies demonstrated that S141 enhanced soybean growth, stimulating nodulation for symbiotic nitrogen fixation with soybean root nodule bacteria, including Bradyrhizobium diazoefficience USDA110. Isoflavone glycosides are produced in soybean roots and hydrolyzed into their aglycones, triggering nodulation. This study revealed that S141 efficiently hydrolyzed two...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-03-01
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.02.002
- TrLys9 participates in fungal development and lysine biosynthesis in
Trichoderma reesei
Authors: Jinling Lan, Lin Zhang, Jie Gao, Ronglin He
Abstract: Fungi uniquely synthesize lysine through the α-aminoadipate pathway. The saccharopine reductase ScLys9 catalyzes the formation of saccharopine from ɑ-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde, the seventh step in the lysine biosynthesis pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we characterized the functions of TrLys9, an ortholog of S. cerevisiae ScLys9 in the industrial filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. Transcription-level analysis indicated that TrLYS9 expression was higer in the conidia stage than...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-02-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.01.002
- A high-temperature sensitivity of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 due to
a tRNA-Leu mutation
Authors: Hazuki Hasegawa, Kan Tanaka
Abstract: Certain mutations of the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 during laboratory storage have resulted in some divergent phenotypes. One laboratory stored strain (H1) shows a temperature-sensitive (ts) growth phenotype at 40 °C. Here, we investigated the reason for this temperature sensitivity. Whole genome sequencing of H1 identified a single nucleotide mutation in synpcc7942_R0040 encoding tRNA-Leu(CAA). The mutation decreases the length of the tRNA-Leu t-arm from 5 to 4 base...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-02-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.02.001
- Characterization of three γ-glutamyltranspeptidases from Pseudomonas
aeruginosa PAO1
Authors: Yuuki Nonomura, Xinjia Wang, Takeshi Kikuchi, Daisuke Matsui, Yosuke Toyotake, Kazuyoshi Takagi, Mamoru Wakayama
Abstract: The Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, PAO1, has three putative γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) genes: ggtI, ggtII, and ggtIII. In this study, the expression of each of these genes in P. aeruginosa PAO1 was analyzed, and the properties of the corresponding GGT proteins were investigated. This is the first report on biochemical characterization of GGT paralogs from Pseudomonas species. The crude extracts prepared from P. aeruginosa PAO1 exhibited hydrolysis and transpeptidation activities of 17.3 and...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2023-01-18
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.01.001
- Novel transporter screening technology for chemical production by
microbial fermentation
Authors: Kei Nanatani, Tomoko Ishii, Ayumu Masuda, Satoshi Katsube, Tasuke Ando, Hiroshi Yoneyama, Keietsu Abe
Abstract: In the fermentative production of compounds by using microorganisms, control of the transporter activity responsible for substrate uptake and product efflux, in addition to intracellular metabolic modification, is important from a productivity perspective. However, there has been little progress in analyses of the functions of microbial membrane transporters, and because of the difficulty in finding transporters that transport target compounds, only a few transporters have been put to practical...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-12-25
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.12.002
- Comparative analysis of glyceroglycolipids from Lactiplantibacillus
pentosus and other Lactiplantibacillus species
Authors: Ayako Kuri, Hirokazu Iida, Kazuyoshi Kawahara
Abstract: Cellular lipids of Lactiplantibacillus species were extracted and neutral glyceroglycolipids (GGLs) were purified, and analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Four GGLs with known structures were detected in GGL preparation of L. plantarum, and the same GGL profiles of TLC were observed for all other strains of Lactiplantibacillus species examined, suggesting that the GGL profile could be one of the chemotaxonomic characters of the genus Lactiplantibacillus. On the other hand, the quantity...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-12-08
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.12.001
- Construction of a conjugation method for the transformation of Cobetia sp.
IU180733JP01 (5-11-6-3) that accumulates poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) from
seaweeds
Authors: Yuki Umebayashi, Shiori Abe, Miwa Yamada
Abstract: Cobetia bacteria are considered useful hosts for industrial applications owing to their fast growth, high cell density, and halophilicity. Here, we constructed an efficient conjugation method to obtain Cobetia sp. IU180733JP01 (5-11-6-3) transformants, which can produce bioplastics from alginate or seaweed waste. Lysogeny Broth medium containing 2% NaCl was used to co-cultivate the 5-11-6-3 strain (plasmid recipient) with Escherichia coli S17-1 (plasmid donor). Transformants with the highest...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-11-17
- Genetic analysis of Bacillus subtilis stable L-forms obtained via
long-term cultivation
Authors: Kazuki Ohta, Tenma Shimizu, Taku Oshima, Norikazu Ichihashi
Abstract: Various bacteria can change to a spherical cell-wall-deficient state, called L-from, in the presence of antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis. L-forms are classified into two types: unstable and stable L-forms. Unstable L-forms revert to a normal walled state in the absence of antibiotics, while stable L-forms remain in their wall-deficient state. The conversion from unstable to stable L-forms has been often observed during long-term cultivation. However, the genetic cause for this...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-11-17
- Structure and Functional Potential of Arctic Sea Sediment Microbiota
Authors: William Kurdy, Galina Yakovleva, Olga Ilinskaya
Abstract: Arctic ecosystems are affected by negative influence of climate change, pollution, and overexploitation of resources. Microorganisms playing a key role in preserving extreme econiches are poorly studied and require the use of modern methods for studying both their biodiversity and physiological activity. We applied Illumina MiSeq to the high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing study of four Laptev Sea sediments from 64 - 185 m depth, using next generation sequencing enables rapid analysis of...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-11-03
- From "Bacillus subtilis conference" to "Conference on functional genomics
of Gram-positive bacteria"
Authors: Ken-Ichi Yoshida
Abstract: No abstract
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-09-14
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.01.001
- A YAK1-type protein kinase, triacylglycerol accumulation regulator 1, in
the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a potential regulator of cell
division and differentiation into gametes during photoautotrophic nitrogen
deficiency
Authors: Yoshinori Tsuji, Akari Kinoshita, Mizuho Tsukahara, Takumi Ishikawa, Haruka Shinkawa, Takashi Yamano, Hideya Fukuzawa
Abstract: Yet another kinase (YAK) 1 is a conserved eukaryotic protein kinase coordinating growth and development. We previously isolated a mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii defective in the YAK1 ortholog triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation regulator 1 (TAR1). The mutant tar1-1 displayed higher levels of chlorophyll, starch, TAG, and biomass than the parental strain C9 (renamed as C9-3) in photoautotrophic nitrogen (N)-deficient conditions. However, we found that the parental C9-3 showed faster chlorosis...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-08-24
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.08.001
- Stepwise metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the
production of phenylalanine
Authors: Naoya Kataoka, Mienosuke Matsutani, Kazunobu Matsushita, Toshiharu Yakushi
Abstract: Corynebacterium glutamicum was metabolically engineered to produce phenylalanine, a valuable aromatic amino acid that can be used as a raw material in the food and pharmaceutical industries. First, a starting phenylalanine-producer was constructed by overexpressing tryptophan-sensitive 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase and phenylalanine- and tyrosine-insensitive bifunctional enzyme chorismate mutase prephenate dehydratase from Escherichia coli, followed by the inactivation of...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-08-21
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.08.002
- Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a GHF 11 Xylanase from
Alteromonas macleodii HY35 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Yanjie Tian, Jia Xu, Jianing Shi, Mengyuan Kong, Changjiang Guo, Caixia Cui, Yongtao Wang, Yan Wang, Chenyan Zhou
Abstract: A xylanase gene xynZT-1 from Alteromonas macleodii HY35 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The sequencing results showed that the ORF of xynZT-1 was 831 bp. The xylanase DNA sequence encoded a 29 amino acids (aa) signal peptide and a 247-aa mature peptide. The XynZT-1 has been a calculated molecular weight (MW) of 27.93 kDa, isoelectric point (pI) of 5.11 and the formula C(1266)H(1829)N(327)O(384)S(5). The amino acid sequence of the xynZT-1 had a high similarity with that of...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-08-14
- Isolation and characterization of Zygosaccharomyces sp. yeast strains from
miso
Authors: Tomoko Fujiwara, Atsuko Matsura, Momoka Fukuda, Katsuaki Kuroki, Tomoo Ogata
Abstract: There is currently great interest in the salt-tolerant yeast strains used to produce miso and soy sauce. Since the isolation of Zygosaccharomyces sp. strain from Japanese miso more than 60 years, several hybrid strains have been identified in fermented foods. Studies have shown that the active mating-type locus of the original Zygosaccharomyces sp. yeast strain is located between the T-subgenome sequence and the P-subgenome sequence. In this study, 32 salt-tolerant Zygosaccharomyces sp. yeast...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-08-07
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.07.002
- Microbial degradation of low-density polyethylene by Neopestalotiopsis
phangngaensis
Authors: Sarunpron Khruengsai, Teerapong Sripahco, Patcharee Pripdeevech
Abstract: Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been commercially used and accumulated as plastic solid waste. LDPE has also been found to be a non-degradable waste for decades and found as a pollution source in the environment. In this study, 65 fungi were screened for their biodegradation of LDPE. The fungi Neopestalotiopsis phangngaensis, Alternaria burnsii, Alternaria pseudoeichhorniae, and Arthrinium sacchari showed significant potential in LDPE biodegradation. These fungi were individually cultured...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-08-04
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.07.001
- Glucuronoyl esterase facilitates biomass degradation in Neurospora crassa
by upregulating the expression of plant biomass-degrading enzymes
Authors: Ruijie Wang, Manabu Arioka
Abstract: Glucuronoyl esterase (GE) is a promising agent for the delignification of plant biomass since it has been shown to cleave the linkage between xylan and lignin in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that NcGE, a GE from Neurospora crassa, stimulates plant biomass degradation. In vitro, NcGE synergistically increased the release of reducing sugars from plant biomass when added together with cellulase or xylanase. In vivo, overexpression of NcGE in N. crassa resulted in an increase in xylanolytic...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-07-20
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.06.002
- Influence of polyamine production and proteolytic activities of
co-cultivated bacteria on histamine production by Morganiella morganii
Authors: Suma Devivilla, Manjusha Lekshmi, Fathima Salam, Sanath Kumar H, Rajendran Kooloth Valappil, Sibnarayan Dam Roy, Binaya Bhusan Nayak
Abstract: Consumption of temperature-abused marine fish containing elevated levels of histamine results in histamine poisoning. Histamine is a biogenic amine produced in fish by the action of certain groups of bacteria which are capable of producing an exogenous enzyme called histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Morganella morganii is one of the major causative organisms of histamine poisoning. In this study, the histamine forming potential of M. morganii (BSS142) was evaluated when it was co-incubated with...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-07-20
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.04.001
- 3-Amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid production from glucose and/or xylose via
recombinant Streptomyces lividans
Authors: Satoko Niimi-Nakamura, Hideo Kawaguchi, Kouji Uematsu, Hiroshi Teramura, Sachiko Nakamura-Tsuruta, Norimasa Kashiwagi, Yoshinori Sugai, Yohei Katsuyama, Yasuo Ohnishi, Chiaki Ogino, Akihiko Kondo
Abstract: The aromatic compound 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-AHBA) can be employed as a raw material for high-performance industrial plastics. The aim of this study is to produce 3,4-AHBA via a recombinant Streptomyces lividans strain containing griI and griH genes derived from Streptomyces griseus using culture medium with glucose and/or xylose, which are the main components in lignocellulosic biomass. Production of 3,4-AHBA by the recombinant S. lividans strain was successful, and the productivity...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-07-13
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.06.001
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals an altered composition of gut microbiota
in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia treated with azithromycin
Authors: Qiong Deng, Zhu Wang, Pengmei Wu, Hui Liang, Haixia Wu, Lirong Zhang, Jing Ying
Abstract: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most important pathogens causing community acquired pneumonia in children, and the pathogenic mechanism of M. pneumoniae infection is complex. Azithromycin is an effective agent for treating the acquired lower respiratory tract infection and urogenital tract infection with slight adverse reactions. This study aimed to compare the intestinal microflora before (PP1) and after azithromycin intervention (PP2) in children with pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae,...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-07-10
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.004
- Characterization of hexose transporter genes in the views of the
chronological life span and glucose uptake in fission yeast
Authors: Teppei Maruyama, Kanako Hayashi, Kotaro Matsui, Yasukichi Maekawa, Takafumi Shimasaki, Hokuto Ohtsuka, Saitoh Shigeaki, Hirofumi Aiba
Abstract: Fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, possesses eight hexose transporters, Ght1~8. In order to clarify the role of each hexose transporter on glucose uptake, a glucose uptake assay system was established and the actual glucose uptake activity of each hexose transporter-deletion mutant was measured. Under normal growth condition containing 2% glucose, ∆ght5 and ∆ght2 mutants showed large and small decrease in glucose uptake activity, respectively. On the other hand, the other deletion mutants...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-07-05
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.006
- Purification and characterization of lignin peroxidase from white-rot
fungi Pleurotus pulmonarius CPG6 and its application in decolorization of
synthetic textile dyes
Authors: Vu Dinh Giap, Hoang Thanh Duc, Pham Thi Mai Huong, Do Thi Hanh, Do Huu Nghi, Vu Dinh Duy, Dang Thu Quynh
Abstract: From the biotechnological point of view, enzymes are powerful tools that help sustain a clean environment in several ways. The enzymatic biodegradation of synthetic dyes is a promising goal since it reduces pollution caused by textile dyeing factory wastewater. Lignin peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.14, LiP) has high redox potential; thus, it is great for application in various industrial fields (e.g., paper- waste treatment and textile dyeing wastewater treatment). In the present study, a LiP from an...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-07-05
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.005
- PA0575 (RmcA) interacts with other c-di-GMP metabolizing proteins in
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Authors: Yanxiang Yao, Naren Xi, E Hai, Xiaomin Zhang, Jiayi Guo, Zhi Lin, Weidong Huang
Abstract: As a central signaling molecule, c-di-GMP (bis-(3,5)-cyclic diguanosine monophosphate) is becoming the focus for research in bacteria physiology. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 genome contains highly complicated c-di-GMP metabolizing genes and a number of these proteins have been identified and investigated. Especially, a sophisticated network of these proteins is emerging. In current study, mainly through Bacteria-2-Hybrid assay, we found PA0575 (RmcA), a GGDEF-EAL dual protein, to interact with...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.003
- Evaluation of dye decolorization using anaerobic granular sludge from an
expanded granular sludge bed based on spectrometric and microbiome
analyses
Authors: Tomohiro Inaba, Mami Yamaguchi, Akira Taniguchi, Yuya Sato, Tomo Aoyagi, Tomoyuki Hori, Hiroyuki Inoue, Masahiko Fujita, Masanori Iwata, Yoshihiro Iwata, Hiroshi Habe
Abstract: The decolorization of 11 dyes by granular sludge from an anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor was evaluated. Biological decolorization of Reactive Red 21, 23, and 180, and Reactive Yellow 15, 17, and 23 in model textile wastewater was observed for the first time after a 7-day incubation (over 94% decolorization). According to the sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons from EGSB granular sludge, the operational taxonomic unit related to Paludibacter propionicigenes showed...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-12
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.04.003
- Bacterial cellulose production from Komagataeibacter xylinus TISTR 1011
and Komagataeibacter nataicola TISTR 975 using yam bean juice as a
nutrient source
Authors: Orn Anong Chaiyachet, Ketsara Wongtham, Komsan Sangkasame
Abstract: The present study investigated the efficacy of bacterial cellulose production by K. xylinus TISTR 1011 and K. nataicola TISTR 975 using yam bean juice as a nutrient source, and the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of bacterial cellulose were examined. Bacterial cellulose content, production yield, and production rate were significantly higher when K. xylinus TISTR 1011 rather than K. nataicola TISTR 975 was used as the bacterial strain. The analysis of physicochemical characteristics...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-12
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.002
- Genotypic analysis of the FAS2-F1279Y (3836T>A) polymorphism conferring
high ethyl caprylate productivity in industrial sake yeast strains
Authors: Takashi Kuribayashi, Toshiki Sakurai, Akira Hatakeyama, Toshio Joh, Mitsuoki Kaneoke
Abstract: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ethyl caprylate is produced by the esterification of caprylic acid, which is synthesized through the action of fatty acid synthase. A recent study reported a yeast mutant with a single nucleotide substitution in the alpha subunit of fatty acid synthase (FAS2) gene (F1279Y; 3836T>A) that produced large amounts of ethyl caprylate. Here, we designed two primer sets (P1/P2 and P3/P4) with mismatches that incorporate restriction sites for the enzymes NdeI and SspI,...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-08
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.05.001
- Isolation and identification of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria in
godo, the traditional fermented soy food in Japan
Authors: Kasumi Shimodate, Hiroyuki Honda
Abstract: Godo is a traditional fermented soy food made in Aomori prefecture, Japan. It is mainly made of soybeans, rice koji, and salt. Since godo ripens during the long and severe winter in northeast Japan, it is assumed that lactic acid bacteria inhabiting godo have cold tolerance. We aimed to investigate the presence or absence of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria in godo. The viable counts of estimated lactic acid bacteria ranged from 10⁶ to 10⁸ cfu/g. In addition, aerobic and anaerobic...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-08
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.04.002
- Characterization of D-xylose isomerase from Shinella zoogloeoides NN6 and
its application for producing D-allulose and two D-ketopentoses in a
one-pot multi-step transformation
Authors: Takuma Suzuki, Kenji Morimoto
Abstract: Researchers continue to search for efficient processes to reduce the production costs of rare sugars. In this paper, we report a novel D-xylose isomerase from Shinella zoogloeoides NN6 (SzXI) and its application for efficient rare sugar production. Purified SzXI did not show remarkable properties when compared with those of a previously reported D-xylose isomerase. However, NN6 was found to express inducible SzXI and constitutive D-allulose 3-epimerase (SzAE) when cultivated with D-xylose as the...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-01
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.01.004
- Biodiversity risk assessment of genetically modified Chaetoceros gracilis
for outdoor cultivation
Authors: Hidetoshi Inoue, Kumiko Tajima, Cristina Mitsumori, Natsuko Inoue-Kashino, Takamasa Miura, Kentaro Ifuku, Ryuichi Hirota, Yasuhiro Kashino, Katsutoshi Fujita, Hiroshi Kinoshita
Abstract: A genetically modified (GM) strain of the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis expressing the phosphite dehydrogenase gene (ptxD), which is a useful gene both for the biological containment and the avoidance of microbial contamination, was characterized to estimate the risk against the biodiversity by laboratory experiments. GM strain could grow in the medium containing phosphite as a sole source of phosphorus, while its general characteristics such as growth, salt tolerance, heat and dehydration...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-01
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.11.001
- Isolation and identification of Enterococcus gallinarum P581a, a strain of
intestinal bacteria deglycosylating flavone C-glycosides
Authors: Zhi Tao, Shiqi Zheng, Shuangyue Liu, Jing Wang, Di Geng, Rufeng Wang
Abstract: Flavone C-glycosides are not easily degraded because of their strong C-C bond between sugar moieties and aglycones. However, some bacteria such as intestinal species can produce specific enzymes to degrade them. In this study, a bacterial strain P581a, which is capable of deglycosylating flavone C-glycosides, was isolated from human intestinal bacteria and was identified as Enterococcus gallinarum by morphological examination, physiological and biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing....
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-06-01
- Biocatalytic pretreatment of rice straw by ligninolytic enzymes produced
by newly isolated Micrococcus unnanensis strain B4 for downstream
cellulolytic saccharification
Authors: Ayan Mahanty, Subhrajyoti Giri, Akas Kar, Shilpi Ghosh
Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw is an agricultural byproduct of high yield, and its disposal by burning has detrimental effect on ecosystem. It has potential as source of fermentable sugars for industrial use; however, it requires effective pretreatment to remove lignin. Bacterial enzymes based pretreatment is advantageous due to their extracellular nature, and tolerance to higher temperature, pH and oxygen limitation. We herein report screening of lignocellulose degradation environment of...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-05-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.01.005
- Improvement of cellulosic biomass-degrading enzyme production by reducing
extracellular protease production in Aspergillus aculeatus
Authors: Yuko Yoshimura, Yuri Kobayashi, Takashi Kawaguchi, Shuji Tani
Abstract: We investigated the effects of deleting major extracellular protease-encoding genes on cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzyme production in Aspergillus aculeatus. We first investigated the effect of prtT deletion, a positive transcription factor for extracellular protease-encoding genes in Aspergillus, on extracellular protease production in A. aculeatus. Genetic analysis indicated that among the major extracellular proteases, pepIIa and pepIIb are controlled by PrtT, but pepI is not. Thus, we...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-05-22
- Hakuhybotric acid, a new antifungal polyketide produced by a mycoparasitic
fungus Hypomyces pseudocorticiicola FKI-9008
Authors: Yoshihiro Watanabe, Yurika Yoshida, Toshiyuki Tokiwa, Mayuka Higo, Sayaka Ban, Akari Ikeda, Yoshihiko Noguchi, Tomoyasu Hirose, Toshiaki Sunazuka, Kenichi Nonaka, Takashi Yaguchi, Masato Iwatsuki
Abstract: A new antifungal polyketide, named hakuhybotric acid (1), was isolated from a cultured broth of a mycoparasitic fungus Hypomyces pseudocorticiicola FKI-9008, together with two known analogs, F2928-1 (2) and Cladobotric acid E (3). Their structures were elucidated by MS and NMR analyses. Hakuhybotric acid was a new analog of Cladobotric acid where two epoxy groups in F2928-1 were replaced with olefins. All compounds showed antifungal activity against four different species of Aspergillus spp.,...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-05-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.03.002
- 17T223A, a new spiroximicin family compound from Streptomyces sp
Authors: Toshikazu Komoda, Yoshitaka Koseki
Abstract: In this study, we successfully isolated two compounds, 17T223A (1, C(22) H(22) O(10) ) and 17T223B (2, C(22) H(20) O(9) ), from a culture of Streptomyces sp. 17T223. Spectroscopic analyses revealed that these two compounds belong to the spiroximicin family. The chemical structure of 2 was consistent with that of the established antibiotic spiroximicin, whereas 1 was previously unknown. Furthermore, 1 exhibited moderate radical -scavenging activity, with an ED (50) of 1000 μM, whereas 2 showed no...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-05-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.03.001
- Recovery of photosynthesis after long-term storage in the terrestrial
cyanobacterium Nostoc commune
Authors: Toshio Sakamoto, Yang Wei, Koki Yuasa, Yoshitaka Nishiyama
Abstract: The terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune is an anhydrobiotic organism with extreme longevity. Recovery of photosynthesis by rehydration was examined using our laboratory stocks of dry N. commune thalli after long-term storage in a desiccated state. In the samples stored at room temperature for over 8 years, photosynthetic oxygen evolution was barely detectable, whereas oxygen consumption was recovered. There was an exceptional case in which photosynthetic oxygen evolution recovered after 8...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-05-22
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.01.003
- Bacillus subtilis 168 as a unique platform enabling synthesis and
dissemination of genomes
Authors: Mitsuhiro Itaya
Abstract: Bacillus subtilis Marburg 168 is a unique platform for genome engineering and genome synthesis. Genome scale DNA sequences can be synthesized by repeated integration of small DNA segments in the B. subtilis genome. The small DNA segments are collectively called dominos, and should cover the target genome. The B. subtilis strains which have been designed for use in the domino method are collectively called BGM: Bacillus subtilis Genome for Manipulation. The BGM system has been used to produce...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-05-01
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.12.001
- Novel heat shock response mechanism mediated by the initiation nucleotide
of transcription
Authors: Aya Sato, Misaki Takamatsu, Satona Kobayashi, Michio Ogawa, Yuh Shiwa, Satoru Watanabe, Taku Chibazakura, Hirofumi Yoshikawa
Abstract: Among SigA-dependent promoters in Bacillus subtilis, we compared the nucleotide sequences of heat shock responding and non-responding promoters. Chimeric promoter experiments revealed that the heat shock response could be ascribed to the initiation nucleotide (iNTP) of the transcription. Our in vivo reporter assay results indicated that a full response was achieved using GTP, a reduced response was observed using ATP, and no additional expression was observed using UTP or CTP. We then...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-25
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.01.002
- Cloning and expression of a novel trans-anethole oxygenase gene from
Paraburkholderia sp. MR185
Authors: Qian Lin, Jieni Li, Xinru Ling, Xinmei Zhang
Abstract: trans-Anethole oxygenase (TAO) is the key enzyme responsible for the oxidation of trans-anethole to p-anisaldehyde. A strain, Paraburkholderia sp. MR185, was isolated from soil in Yulin star anise-planting regions using trans-anethole as a sole carbon source and a gene which encodes a protein with high similarities to a hypothetical protein of Paraburkholderia sp. MM5384-R2 which shows 61.27% identies with TAO from Pseudomonas putida JYR-1 was cloned and sequenced. The gene, tao, was expressed...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-18
- Isolation of sake yeast strains from Ariake Sea tidal flats and evaluation
of their brewing characteristics
Authors: Shuichiro Baba, Kazutaka Sawada, Ryo Orita, Kei Kimura, Masatoshi Goto, Genta Kobayashi
Abstract: Screening for new sake yeasts can expand the sensory diversity of sake, due to their production of metabolites that characterize sake's aroma and taste. In this study, mud from tidal flats in the Ariake Sea was screened for Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with ethanol productivity suitable for sake brewing, and the brewing characteristics of isolated strains were evaluated. Five strains (H1-1, H1-2, H1-3, H3-1, and H3-2) classified as S. cerevisiae were isolated. Karyotype analysis by...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-18
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.09.003
- Functional analysis of a gene cluster for putative bacteriocin deduced
from the genome sequence of Aeribacillus pallidus PI8
Authors: Kyosuke Kita, Sanako Yoshida, Shu Ishikawa, Ken-Ichi Yoshida
Abstract: Bacteriocins are a large family of peptides synthesized ribosomally by a variety of bacterial species. The genome of one of the thermophilic Gram-positive bacteria, Aeribacillus pallidus PI8, was found to possess an operon comprising five genes possibly involved in the production of a putative bacteriocin that was named pcnABCDE for the production of "pallidocyclicin." This study investigated the function of the pcn operon experimentally. The heterologous expression of the entire pcn operon from...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-14
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.11.003
- Utilization of various carbon sources for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)]
production by Cobetia sp. IU180733JP01 (5-11-6-3) which is capable of
producing P(3HB) from alginate and waste seaweed
Authors: Akira Matsumoto, Sung-Jin Kawai, Miwa Yamada
Abstract: The marine bacterium Cobetia sp. IU180733JP01 (5-11-6-3) can accumulate poly(3- hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] during cultivation on alginate or waste Laminaria sp. Here, we examined this strain's ability to utilize various carbon sources for P(3HB) production. When cultured in mineral salt medium containing 1% (w/v) glucose, fructose, glycerol, or gluconic acid, the strain showed better growth and higher P(3HB) production than on alginate, with fructose enabling the highest P(3HB) yield (0.8 ± 0.06...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-14
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.11.002
- Visualization and characterization of spore morphogenesis in Paenibacillus
polymyxa ATCC39564
Authors: Kimihiro Abe, Hiroko Kato, Yuta Hasegawa, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Nobuhiko Nomura, Nozomu Obana
Abstract: Paenibacillus polymyxa is a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterial species. Both its sporulation process and the spore properties are poorly understood. Here, we investigated sporulation in P. polymyxa ATCC39564. When cultured at 37℃ for 24 h in sporulation medium, more than 80% of the total cells in the culture were spores. Time-lapse imaging revealed that cellular morphological changes during sporulation of P. polymyxa were highly similar to those of B. subtilis. We demonstrated that genetic...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-14
- Analysis of cell death in Bacillus subtilis caused by sesquiterpenes from
Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty
Authors: Yu Shinjyo, Naoya Midorikawa, Takashi Matsumoto, Yuki Sugaya, Yoshiki Ozawa, Ayumi Oana, Chiaki Horie, Hirofumi Yoshikawa, Yasuhiro Takahashi, Toshio Hasegawa, Kei Asai
Abstract: Recently, the antibacterial effects of essential oils have been investigated in addition to their therapeutic purposes. Owing to their hydrophobic nature, they are thought to perturb the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, leading to cell death. Against such antibiotic challenges, bacteria develop mechanisms for cell envelope stress responses (CESR). In Bacillus subtilis, a gram-positive sporulating soil bacterium, the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor-mediated response system...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-14
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.09.005
- Heterologous production of ascofuranone and ilicicolin A in Aspergillus
sojae
Authors: Yasuko Araki, Yasutomo Shinohara, Seiichi Hara, Atsushi Sato, Ryoichi Sakaue, Keiko Gomi, Kiyoshi Kita, Kotaro Ito
Abstract: Ascofuranone and its precursor, ilicicolin A, are secondary metabolites with various pharmacological activities that are produced by Acremonium egyptiacum. In particular, ascofuranone strongly inhibits trypanosome alternative oxidase and represents a potential drug candidate against African trypanosomiasis. However, difficulties associated with industrial production of ascofuranone by A. egyptiacum, specifically the co-production of ascochlorin, which inhibits mammalian respiratory chain complex...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-14
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.08.001
- Isolation and characterization of Lignin-derived monomer degraders under
acidic conditions from tropical peatland
Authors: Muhammad Imran Firdaus Kamardan, Ezzah Atikah Binti Marsid, Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir, Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir, Nor'azizi Othman, Hirofumi Hara
Abstract: Tropical peatlands account for one of the largest carbon stores in the form of organic matter due to the accumulation of plant litter and waterlogged conditions. Recent anthropogenic disturbances, such as forest fires, agricultural conversion and drainage, in tropical peatlands have caused a vast amount of carbon to be released into the atmosphere, and microbial activities are impacted by these changes. A recent study showed that many phenol- and lignin-degrading bacteria prefer alkaline and...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-11
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.09.004
- One-pot multi-step transformation of D-allose from D-fructose using a
co-immobilized biocatalytic system
Authors: Kenji Morimoto, Takuma Suzuki, Hikaru Ikeda, Chiho Nozaki, Shigeaki Goto
Abstract: In this report, Shinella zoogloeoides NN6 was discovered to produce two rare sugar producing enzymes, D-allulose 3-epimerase (DAE) and L-rhamnose isomerase (LRhI), when cultured with L-rhamnose as the sole carbon source. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified DAE and LRhI revealed that the molecular masses of the monomeric subunits are 37 and 43 kDa, respectively, whereas gel filtration analysis showed that purified DAE and LRhI are 148 and 162 kDa, respectively,...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-11
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.07.002
- New Bacillus subtilis vector, pSSĪ², as genetic tool for site-specific
integration and excision of cloned DNA, and prophage elimination
Authors: Shota Suzuki, Sachie Osada, Daisuke Imamura, Tsutomu Sato
Abstract: Site-specific recombination (SSR) systems are employed in many genetic mobile elements, including temperate phages, for their integration and excision. Recently, they have also been used as tools for applications in fields ranging from basic to synthetic biology. SPβ is a temperate phage of the Siphoviridae family found in the laboratory standard Bacillus subtilis strain 168. SPβ encodes a serine-type recombinase, SprA, and recombination directionality factor (RDF), SprB. SprA catalyzes...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-07
- Generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species through a histidine
kinase, HysA in Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Kyoko Kanamaru, Kiyoshiro Izuhara, Makoto Kimura, Tetsuo Kobayashi
Abstract: The His-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction from histidine kinase (HK) to the response regulator (RR) is an important mechanism for adaptation to environmental changes. Aspergillus nidulans expresses 15 different HKs, which may be involved in different types of adaptations. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key signal of environmental changes, some HKs might be involved in ROS generation through transcriptional regulation. Previously, we identified 3 HK (NikA, FphA, and HysA) deletion...
Citation: The Journal of general and applied microbiology
PubDate: 2022-04-07
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.09.001
