| Publisher: Mansoura University (Total: 3 journals) [Sort by number of followers]
| ||||||||
Similar Journals
|
Mansoura Engineering Journal (MEJ)
Number of Followers: 2  Open Access journalISSN (Print) 1110-0923 - ISSN (Online) 2735-4202 Published by Mansoura University  [3 journals]
|
- Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 Based on Deep Neural Networks and Chest
X-Ray Images
Abstract: The present study aims at preventing spread out of COVID-19 by early detection of infected cases using chest X-ray images and convolutional neural networks. Covid-19 chest X-ray dataset were collected from public sources as well as through agreements with hospitals and physicians with the consent of their patients. A deep learning algorithm based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) was implemented utilizing X-ray images to diagnose COVID-19. ResNet50, short for Residual Networks, is a classic neural network that was used as a backbone for the classification task. It accelerates the speed of training of the deep networks and reduces the effect of vanishing gradient problems. Images were first resized and then pre-processed to increase sharpness, contrast, and clarity. Images were fed into a deep neural network to predict the probability of COVID-19 infectious. The deep learning calculation acquired an area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) of 0.9888, 96.2% sensitivity, 98% accuracy, and 100% specificity. Moreover, the algorithm can be easily modified to add extra images (normal and COVID-19) to improve performance. The proposed system introduces a great help to all nations to screen and diagnose COVID-19 as a faster alternative compared with conventional method that uses PCR.
- Mitigation of Transient Recovery Voltages using the Supercapacitor
Abstract: This paper investigates the use of supercapacitor to mitigate the transient recovery voltage (TRV) in a simple power system. The TRV concept and the phenomena surround its occurrence such as re-ignition and restrike are represented. Also, the different waveshapes of TRV are evaluated. The effect of energizing different power system parameters, such as resistance and capacitance, resulting in TRV is evaluated. At first, the effect of energizing three different values of a damping resistance, one by one, is studied. Then, the influences of energizing of a capacitor, with three different values, on the tested system are illustrated. Finally, the effect of combining different values of the damping resistance and the capacitance are evaluated. The effect of using supercapacitor as TRV mitigation method is studied. Alternating transient program (ATP/EMTP) is used to simulate the test system and the proposed supercapacitor-based method. The simulation results ensure the validity of the proposed method.
- Comparison between two Hydraulic Control Valves Systems for Leakage
Minimization in Water Distribution Networks Using Multi-Objective Memetic
Algorithm
Abstract: This paper optimizes the selection, number, location, and sizing of hydraulic devices with the purposes of leakage reduction in water distribution network (WDN). A multi-objective memetic algorithm is adopted to effectively minimize the leakage problem in WDN through the regulation of two different hydraulic control valves systems: throttle control valves (TCVs) and flow control valves (FCVs). Two objective functions are simultaneously considered: the first one is to minimize the total leakage in the network and the second objective function is represented by the minimization of the number of valves (a surrogate for establishing valves cost) while accomplishing the required nodal pressure head restrictions. The great advantage of this study is that, in one run, several trade-off optimal solutions are acquired with a different level of compromise between the two objectives. Each solution from these optimal ones consists of: minimum number of suggested valves, the best locations for the valves and optimum valves settings. The performance of the developed optimization model is evaluated by its application on a well-known WDN from literature. Then, the developed optimization model is applied on a real WDN of a new city, Egypt. Results show that the hydraulic performances of the two hydraulic control valves systems in leakage reduction are almost agreement for the same valves number, and the TCVs system is relatively better than the FCVs system.
- Online Quality Control System in Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine
Abstract: With the great development in the technology of manufacturing knitting machines, and high productivity. There are still some drawbacks that might be overcome by applying novel measurement methods, particularly, in the circular single Jersey knitting machines. The most important of these drawbacks is the laddering defects. In this paper, an online quality control system - the first of its kind - was developed and assembled on the machine and consists of a transmission unit (laser) and a receiving unit (photocell), to detect laddering defects in real-time. Once occurred, the system beeps to draw the attention of the operator and the machine stops automatically, the machine then runs again after the defect is being fixed. Thus, this system can reduce the production of the second degree, raise the level of quality, and reduce the production costs per kilograms of the produced fabric. This system proved its sensitivity and efficiency while the machine runs at the typical production speeds.
- The Role of Building Technology in Reaching Architectural Design
Compatible with the local Environment دور تکنولوجيا
البناء في الوصول إلى تصميم معماري متوافق
مع البيئة المحلية
Abstract: Building technology is one of the important factors that affect the environment and nature as it attempts to find special determinants with making a framework of the environment surrounding the human being, which defines, establishes and evaluates the relationship between architecture and the natural environment and the human being. evaluates the relationship between architecture and the natural environment and man. An interaction between man and the natural environment through building technologies is one of the most important elements of human civilization. Emphasis is on the importance of preserving the environment and the life of human societies on earth by using means of addressing negative phenomena and how to develop them. The problem of research lies in the fact that most Arab regions have a desert dry climate where life requires suitable properties and qualities. Therefore, several public and private authorities interested in the sector and affairs of building and development in the Arabian areas adopt the urban characteristics and including them in the terms and conditions for desert projects. The main purpose of research is to examine different building materials compatible with the environment and the interaction among these materials in an integrated manner.
- المعايير الهندسية لتحقيق جودة الخدمات
الصحية في المستشفيات العامة المصرية
Abstract: The main objective of establishing hospitals as a therapeutic environment is to cure diseases and get rid of pain, and in order for hospitals to achieve this goal effectively, they must meet some specifications and standards that qualify them for this, including engineering quality standards, as these engineering standards help to raise the functionality of the medical institution and qualify it for the desired quality of performance, and engineering quality standards are: (privacy, security and safety, fire safety, emergency, Laboratories, radiation, safety control, .hazardous materials and wastes,) of sub-indicatorsThis research aims to develop and measure the importance of engineering quality standards and sub-indicators within hospital buildings, based on the theoretical study of the basic components of the quality system in general, identifying its association with the architectural aspect of hospitals in particular, determining engineering standards in accordance with medical standards in hospital buildings, and conducting a field study and questionnaire for the opinions of specialists in this field to arrange engineering standards and sub-indicators according to the importance of basing on the opinions of the sample and the results of the field study
- Optimizing Building Layouts for Proper Self-shading: A Computational
Approach
Abstract: Self-shaded buildings receive great attentions especially in high-rise building in hot climate zones. This paper introduces a novel optimization approach for reforming high-rise building layout shapes (BLSs) towards better self-shaded alternatives for a given shape, along with the determination of different treatments for optimizing a given shape using shape grammar theory; their performance have been simulated by Autodesk Revit. Variables considered during the generation process include different treatments, range of treatments’ ratios and orientations along with controlling shape area and circumference if required. High-rise buildings in Egypt are used to demonstrate/validate the approach applications. The study results, through many applications, show the generation possibility of better self-shaded BLSs along with controlling previous variables when required. This optimization has been also tested from energy consumption perspective through 12 alternatives, and the usefulness of the approach has been validated through a conducted survey on different architects. This approach can help architectural designers in achieving self-shaded BLSs for their design cases which cannot be handled directly via single simulations.
- Automated deep system for joint liver and tumor segmentation using
majority voting
Abstract: In this paper, a system based on deep learning and majority voting is proposed for joint segmentation of the liver and hepatic tumors. The proposed system is composed of three steps. First, deep learning is utilized to extract deep features that describe the CT images as well as cancerous nodules, using three different Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), i.e., VGG16-Segnet, Encoder-Decoder (ED)-Alexnet, and Resnet18. Second, a classification step using the extracted deep learning features is performed for each investigated network. To produce the final liver and hepatic tumor segmentation, the last step applies a majority voting technique to fuse the three utilized CNN outputs. To test the performance of the proposed system, the MICCAI LITS challenge database is used, composed of 130 CT volumes with a total of 16,917 cross-section images. The proposed system achieves Dice Similarity Coefficients (DSCs) of 94% and 76% for liver and lesion segmentations, respectively. Comparison with the related methods confirms the promise of the proposed system for joint liver and tumor segmentation.
- Investigation of Heavy Metals Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Ceramic
Filters
Abstract: The study utilized the membrane filtration technique to remove two common heavy metals from aqueous solutions; the first was Pb+2, and the second was Cd+2. Manufacturing of ceramic filters was carried out through the dimensions of 20 by 20 cm and thickness of 4 cm from local clay and sawdust at different percentages of sawdust: 1.0%, 2.5%, and 4.0%. The study examined the key factors affecting the removal efficiency of the ceramic filters, such as the initial pH value (5.5 and 7.0) and initial concentration (5.0 and 10.0 mg/L) of heavy metals at a constant pressure head of 30 cm. Moreover, the study applied a microstructural analysis using the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the utilized ceramic membranes before and after the filtration process. The results showed that the percentages of heavy metals removal are more than 80% at pH 5.5 and 82% at pH 7.0. The efficiency of removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions declines as the initial metal concentrations increases while it increases with the applied water head. Further, although the sawdust percentages had a slight effect on the removal efficiency, ceramic filters with a sawdust percentage of 1.0% were the best.
- Evaluation of Energy Detection-Based Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio
Applications
Abstract: In this paper, a novel design of cognitive radio (CR) system based on a tunable ultra wide-band antenna is suggested; it offers a quick and cheap method for effectively locating spectrum gaps spanning. The frequency ranges of 9.30 to 13 GHz with three operating bandwidths (BW) of 1.11GHz ,0.8 GHz, and 0.36GHz. Frequency is scanned by using a tunable Ultra-Wideband, the antenna has a small size with five gaps that are used as a Switch 2 mm × 3 mm and the partial ground 30 mm × 30 mm, these Switches can offer a tuning capability. The suggested antenna is constructed on a Rogers RT5880 substrate with a relative permittivity (εr) =2.2 and a dielectric thickness of 1.575 mm. This design of antenna has a number of benefits, including small size, low cost, easy to fabricate, and band accessibility that is elastic, the ground and patch antenna are fabricated on copper. At 10 GHz, an overall realized gain of 8.65dBi is achieved. The low VSWR < 2 antenna presented has a suitable radiation characteristic to gratify the needs of existing and future wireless communication systems. Return loss simulation findings for different switch states and radiation patterns at different frequencies are also shown, at the end both simulation and measurements are presented.
- LEED ND as A Tool for Evaluating the Quality of Life in Egyptian Cities
Case Study: Bilqas City, Dakahlia
Abstract: Egyptian urban communities in the old cities suffer many urban issues. These issues affect the quality of the natural and built environment in which people live, work and have leisure. Promoting community quality and human satisfaction is the main focus of urban development. The notion of QOL as a result of urban communities’ development came into synchronization in the 60th. In 2007, the USGBC conducted the LEED-ND rating system to create more sustainable neighborhoods and raise the QOL for residents. This study focuses on the importance of QOL studies in the urban planning field and the coherence between the LEED-ND system and the indicators of QOL. It addresses this topic relative to the urban communities in Egyptian old inhabited cities, precisely Bilqas city in Dakahliya province. This proposal represents a new approach to comprehending urban development methodologies and their application in Egyptian urban communities. Challenges and opportunities in the proposed case study visualize the research conclusion
- Preparation of In-Situ Bimetallic CoNi Nanoparticles Suppurated on Carbon
Abstract: Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) enhanced Co-Ni catalysts for NaBH4 hydrolysis were developed and produced in this research. The microscopes utilized was transmission electron microscope. The various species located at the surfaces of some selected catalysts has been characterized using the X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results reveal that even with the addition of carbon nanotubes as a promoter, the catalysts maintain an amorphous shape. In Co-Ni catalysts (NiCo@MWCNTs), however, the right amount of MWCNTs promoter results in a large specific surface area, fine dispersion of active components, more active sites, and a high electron density at active sites. Furthermore, hydrogen overflow on the catalyst is encouraged, which aids in active site regeneration and accelerates the catalytic cycle. When compared to other formulations, samples containing 5 wt% Ni and 5 wt% Co had the best catalytic activity and in this experiment, we studied the effect of different quantity of NiCo@MWCNTs (5, 10, 15, 20 mg) with keeping the other parameters are constant, different starting concentrations of SBH [NaHB4] = 1, 2, 3, and 4 M (50, 100, 150 and 200mg SBH in 50ml water). and NiCo@MWCNTs towards hydrolytic dehydrogenation of SBH over a temperature range of 35-65 oC. and we have concluded that the best case to released 116 ml of hydrogen from SBH when we use 1.35 mmol at 5 mg catalyst at 12 min at 338 K and the activation energy . And the value of carries from 13.907 at 35 oC to at 45 oC. This mean that the spontaneity of the hydrogen production increased with temperature.
- Developing a Criteria Framework for the Evaluation of the Image of the
City Case Study: Mansoura Downtown
Abstract: Downtowns are important as the open new horizons of development through contribute to the upgrade of traditional communities. The presence of city centers and downtowns has been approved as a major influential component on the image of the city as it can serve as a unifying force in a city or town through triggering force for community enrichment. Lynch [1] described the environmental image in terms of five structural features which are essentially making sense of cities urban spaces: districts, edges, paths, nodes, and landmarks. These elements face continuous transformations that make their perception more complex and multi-oriented. The urban space becomes full of overlapping and intertwined stories that have made a continuous change, complexities, and multi-characteristics in the urban image. The purpose of this paper is to develop a criteria framework from different studies and worldwide experiences, using both urban indicators and Lynch's method in the evaluation of urban spaces. This would allow urban planners and designers to receive immediate feedback on the relative quality of urban design and perception decisions. The downtown in Mansoura City was selected as the subject of this case study. Three observation points were taken along Mansoura downtown and proposed for evaluation. The results show that it is possible to produce a list of indicators which represent the axis of the evaluation process developing an effective method that better models the complex information concerning urban design elements.
- The Economic Return of the Fruitful Roof Gardens of Buildings on the
Egyptian State & Individuals, Case Study Government Housing (Asmarat
District)
Abstract: The Egyptian State is currently facing a set of Economic Challenges that represent an obstacle to achieving the Quality of Life for the Egyptian People, The most important of which are the Population increase in exchange for limited Economic Capabilities & Resources, Economic Inflation, High prices of Energy & Basic Commodities, a decline in the Agricultural Area& The production of Basic Crops due to Urban Sprawl, Pollution, Climate Change & Water crisis, All these Problems & Challenges require all the Specialists in this matter to cooperate and work to find urgent, practical, tested & low-cost solutions to improve the Economic Situation and achieve the minimum Quality of Life for the Egyptian Citizen, which can be achieved by Productive Green Roofs of Buildings, The Research Methodology is represented in the theoretical approach to presenting the different methods of planting Roofs and comparing them to choose Sustainable and appropriate methods of Agriculture, then Selecting Asmarat District as a model of Government Housing projects for application to spread the concept, The research also emphasizes the importance of State Institutions adopting Fruitful Roof Gardens of Buildings and their primary role in supporting, disseminating & motivating the community to grow Roofs on a large Scale not Individual attempts as is the case currently.
