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Authors:Deng Zhang, Siyi Xiao, Shengqun Shi, Honghua Ma, Junfei Nie, Xuechen Niu, Weinan Zheng, Lianbo Guo Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. To improve the qualitative accuracy of foreign protein adulteration in milk powder, a novel method named multidimensional spectral information laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (MSI-LIBS) was proposed, which fully mined the effective information in the spectra by integrating the absolute intensity, the first derivative spectra, and the ratio spectra. Compared with traditional LIBS, the performance of the models based on MSI-LIBS was significantly improved. The accuracy of the cross-validation set of support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and random subspace method-linear discriminant analysis models increased from 80.98%, 75.61%, and 79.25% to 85.17%, 79.32%, and 81.18%, respectively. The accuracy of the prediction set increased from 81.50%, 76.03%, and 79.07% to 85.82%, 79.74%, and 81.28%, respectively. Furthermore, the visualization results of t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding also showed that there was a more obvious boundary between the spectra of different samples based on MSI-LIBS. Therefore, these results fully prove the effectiveness of MSI-LIBS in improving the performance of LIBS classification. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2023-04-17T11:52:15Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000935@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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Authors:Yuandong Li, Yangfan Wang, Shi Wang, Ronger Zheng, Zhenmin Bao, Yuan Lu Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. The element ratio of Mg/Ca is a primary proxy in studying the composition of seashells, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a practical technique for elemental analysis. In this work, we tried to apply LIBS to investigate the Mg/Ca ratio in cultured seashells of two scallop species (Chlamys farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis). It was found that LIBS was capable of tracking Mg/Ca variation on the cross section of the scallop shell (Chlamys farreri), and the variation trend was well verified by the measurement of SEM-EDS. Based on this, LIBS detection was carried out for Mg/Ca investigation on another species of the scallop shell (Patinopecten yessoensis), and the intensity ratio of Mg/Ca presented a similar variation to δ18O measurement under mass spectroscopy. The result also indicated that the LIBS technique is appropriate in the Mg/Ca investigation for scallop shells, and in cultured scallops, the Mg/Ca ratio would be equally useful for tracking temperature variations. In the future, LIBS is expected to be developed as a diagnostic tool in seashell cultivation, and more elemental compositions would be involved in this kind of investigation. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2023-03-31T10:02:20Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000937@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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Authors:Han Luo, Sijie Shen, Zhenzhen Wang, Junjie Yan, Yoshihiro Deguchi Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. The collinear long-short double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LS-DP-LIBS) was employed in the detection of underwater copper samples. Discrete emission lines were obtained using LS-DP-LIBS with an appropriate delay between two pulses, while characteristic emission lines were covered by continuous background and noise using LIBS with a single pulse. In the condition of LS-DP-LIBS, signal characteristics of the measured spectra at different experimental parameters including long-pulse width, lens-to-sample distance (LTSD), and long-pulse energy have been investigated to determine the optimal condition. The results indicated that the long-pulse width and the long-pulse energy were closely related to the formation of a cavitation bubble, thus affecting the plasma state and signal characteristics for underwater measurement. The parameter of the LTSD imposed an effect on the spectral signal through changing the ablation mass of the sample and the plasma temperature. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of the underwater measurement of metal samples using the collinear LS-DP-LIBS and showed a significant signal improvement through this method. With further development, it is of great potential to apply this new method based on LIBS to ocean exploration. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2023-03-29T10:33:49Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000940@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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Authors:Zhiwei Deng, Zhongqi Hao, Li Liu, Zhishuai Xu, Ziyi Zhao, Ying Lu, Jiulin Shi, Xingdao He Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. The sensitivity of double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) in the detection of trace elements in samples was confirmed to be superior to that of single-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (SP-LIBS). However, DP-LIBS is not economical because it requires two lasers. A DP-LIBS system based on beam splitting was proposed in this work, and the experimental equipment was used to analyze Y, La, Yb, and Dy elements in rare earth ores. The comparison of spectral line intensities and sensitivities of rare earth elements in rare earth ore samples between DP-LIBS and SP-LIBS was studied. The results show that the enhancement of the spectral line signal intensity of DP-LIBS is more than two times compared with that of SP-LIBS. The time evolution of signal intensities of four rare earth element characteristic lines (Y II 437.49 nm, La II 433.37 nm, Yb II 328.94 nm, and Dy II 353.17 nm) was given. The enhancements of signal intensities were found to be due to that the plasma temperature of DP-LIBS is increased by more than 500 K. The limits of detection of Y, La, Yb, and Dy were 40.97, 104.09, 47.13, and 56.25 ppm for SP-LIBS and can be reduced to 21.19, 56.93, 28.69, and 36.41 ppm for DP-LIBS. It is showed that DP-LIBS based on a single Nd:YAG laser can better improve the signal intensity and sensitivity of Y, La, Yb, and Dy elements in rare earth ore samples. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2023-03-07T11:08:05Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000936@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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Authors:Chao Lv, Ning Zhang, Zhanjian Lin, Tianxue Ou, Jiaming Li, Nan Zhao, Xinyan Yang, Qiongxiong Ma, Liang Guo, Qingmao Zhang Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. Fiber lasers are characterized by high efficiency, good beam quality, and high reliability and are widely used in industries. In addition, the high repetition frequency of fiber lasers can increase the analytical efficiency greatly. In this paper, a nanosecond fiber laser was introduced to be the ablation source in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for determining copper, magnesium, and manganese in aluminum alloys. Because of the high repetition frequency of the fiber laser, the conventional delay-acquisition strategy was unavailable. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was used to mitigate the interference of the Bremsstrahlung background. Standard calibration and internal calibration methods were also compared for quantitative analyses. The results demonstrated that the combination of DWT and internal calibration effectively improved the analytical accuracy. After optimization, the R2s of the FL-LIBS system for Cu, Mg, and Mn were 0.9897, 0.9964, and 0.9979, respectively; the root mean squared error of cross validation was 0.0414, 0.0462, and 0.031 wt. %, respectively. This study provides a convenient method for the rapid elemental analysis of aluminum alloys. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2023-02-07T10:52:34Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000939@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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Authors:Honglian Li, Chenxing Zhang, Chun Wang, Shizhao Zhang, Shijie Fu, Lide Fang Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. In order to avoid the spectral signal instability and low detection accuracy originating from “transient plasma” produced by laser-induced breakdown (LIBS) technology, the LIBS system based on three-dimensional scaffold was developed to optimize the optical fiber detection position. The spectral signal quality of samples with different contents of KCl additives (0%–100%) at 20–280 °C was analyzed. The double spectral line internal standard model of Cd and Pb elements in sediment was established. The experimental results show that the signal-to-noise ratio of Cd and Al in the sediment with 15% KCl additive at 180 °C is 1.78 and 1.39 times higher than that without additive at room temperature. The R2 of the calibration model for Cd and Pb in sediment with the double enhancement method increased from 0.938 08 and 0.948 80 to 0.963 41 and 0.952 61. The spectral line integral area bispectral line internal scale model R2 is improved to 0.990 34 and 0.988 83. The results showed that the sample heating combined with KCl additive could improve the quality of the spectral signal and increase the detection sensitivity. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2022-12-22T11:20:10Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000901@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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Authors:Dongpeng Tian, Zhongmou Sun, Enlai Wan, Wentao Zhou, Ziang Chen, Yuzhu Liu Abstract: Journal of Laser Applications, Volume LIBS2023, Issue 1, February 2023. The damage of kitchen oil fume to the human body and environment cannot be ignored. Based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), five kitchen environments are online in situ detected, including the air scene, fry scene, grill scene, steam scene, and stew scene. In the spectra, characteristic elements such as C, H, O, and N are detected in the fry scene containing oil fume, and metal elements such as Mg, Ca, K, and Na are observed in the grill scene containing charcoal smoke. The spectra of five kitchen environments are tested and compared. In the measurement, except for the air scene, obvious carbon–nitrogen molecular spectral lines are detected. LIBS is combined with principal component analysis and backpropagation artificial neural network system to detect and analyze kitchen fumes. Finally, five kitchen scenes are analyzed and identified based on this system, and the final recognition accuracy is 98.60%. Citation: Journal of Laser Applications PubDate: 2022-07-26T10:44:34Z DOI: 10.2351/7.0000700@jla.2023.LIBS2023.issue-1
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