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AIP Conference Proceedings
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ISSN (Print) 0094-243X - ISSN (Online) 1551-7616
Published by AIP

[28 journals]

Preface: 2021 5th International Conference on Engineering and Applied
Technology (2021 5th ICEAT)
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  First page: 010001
  Abstract: 27 October 20212021 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY (ICEAT)Banjarmasin, Indonesia
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/12.0017919
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Identifying construction waste using lean management in a delay project:
Case of emergency department building in Pidie Jaya Regency Hospital, Aceh
Province, Indonesia
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  First page: 020001
  Abstract: There was a delay in the project schedule of Emergency Department construction in Pidie Jaya Regency Hospital located in Aceh Province, Indonesia, and therefore potential to cause construction waste. Construction project activity is a long process of activity and everything in the project that adds costs is called waste. Theoretically, minimizing waste can be done using the Lean Management method. This study aims to identify the most influential waste on the project by applying Lean Management. Based on the literature review, there is eight waste used in this study: Defect, Overproduction, Waiting, Over-processing, Motion, Inventory, Transportation, and Design. Waste identification data were obtained from interviews with 4 key persons and questionnaires distributed to 16 respondents working on the project. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from Working Drawings, a list of core personnel of the contractor company, and an S Curve (Schedule). Through descriptive analysis, this study found that the most influential waste is Waiting and Over-processing. This finding required a follow-up to control the identified waste in order for the project back on schedule.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0157638
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Application of AHP and TOPSIS methods for optional transportation cargo by
freight forwarder (Route: Surabaya-Jakarta)
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  First page: 020002
  Abstract: The movement of cargo on the Surabaya - Jakarta route is currently still served by trucks, trains, and ships. Truckloads are very dominant on this route, so that road capacity and load are increasing. This study aims to determine an appropriate alternative decision to the modal choice based on the proposed opinion, the Forwarder Company’s proposed opinion. The method used to analyze research data is an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results obtained by the AHP method show that the container train is the best choice based on criteria for cost, time, transportation efficiency, and security. Based on the analysis using the TOPSIS method, it shows The Container Truck is 1st ranking; this can be understood in reality Container Truck is a mode of cargo which often used in the mobilization because this mode can serve door to door. The second-ranking is Container Train; it uses a second alternative after Container Truck because it is cheaper than a container truck.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155781
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The effect of faunus ater shell as filler in asphalt concrete wearing
course (AC-WC) mixtures
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  First page: 020003
  Abstract: In the composition of the asphalt mixture, the filler is vital to the aggregate skeleton. One of the filler functions is to increase the mixture’s stability and density by filling the void in a bigger aggregate. However, since the filler requirement needs to be smaller than 0.075 mm, it isn’t easy to collect enough quantity to fulfill the mixture requirement. Hence, this study aims to study the Faunus ater waste as filler in asphalt concrete wearing coarse (AC-WC) mixture, since it is a waste and has little economic value. This study incorporates Bina Marga’s specifications and following the standard Marshall testing method to investigate the effect of utilizing Faunus ater (FA) shell as filler. The result shows that the addition of Faunus ater shell in the mixture shows an increase in both stability and flow testing results. Thus, Faunus ater addition as filler may have a good impact on the pavement in terms of stability; however, it needs conservative treatment since the Marshall flow became high. It is not ideal for asphalt pavement.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154763
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Analysis of concrete mixture with marble waste material as a sand filler
and bagasse ash as cement filler
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  First page: 020004
  Abstract: Recent studies show sugarcane bagasse ash and marble waste are used as fillers in concrete mixtures to produce more environmentally friendly construction material. The characteristics of these inputs become the basis for their utilization. Marbles are known to contain silicon-dioxide/silica (SiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), and magnesium oxide (MgO) as the primary chemical components. Meanwhile, the bagasse possesses similar content as the main constituents of Portland cement, including silica (SiO2) and ferrite (Fe2O3) believed to increase the compressive strength of concrete. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the effects of the quality of marble waste and bagasse ash on the compressive strength of concrete. This paper applied SNI 03-2834-2000 standard with compressive strength of 30 MPa, cube specimen with 15cm side measurement, and test age of 14 and 28 days. Also, the composition of the mixture was varied at 12% marble waste, 6% bagasse ash, and 12% marble waste mixture+6% bagasse ash. The results showed the 12% marble waste mixture expressed the highest compressive strength of 39.93 MPa or an increase of 25.37% against normal concrete, while the 6% bagasse ash decreased to 26.68 MPa or an estimated -13.25%. This decline is due to corrosion observed in the bagasse and therefore tends to alter the quality of the concrete mixture. Furthermore, 12% of marble waste demonstrated useful workability and is suitable for enhancing compressive strength.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154438
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The comparison of brick as a load and a structure with non-linear analysis
of soft storey behaviour in multi-storey buildings
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  First page: 020005
  Abstract: The design of earthquake-resistant buildings is built with strong columns and weak beams. One of the reasons that building collapses are due to the selection of soft storey structures. The research objective was to determine the increase in stiffness, the maximum load capacity regarding brick as a load and brick as a structure. The method used is a numerical simulation with the finite element method. From the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that the maximum base shear force of brick X direction is 147.88 kN (as load), and 148.59 kN (as a structure). The basic shear force of the brick with the maximum direction of Y direction is 156.10 kN (as a load), 158.32 kN (as a structure). From the results of the data analysis, the maximum stiffness of bricks in the X direction is 11.73 kN / mm (as a load), and 11.28 kN / mm (as a structure). In terms of the maximum stiffness of the brick from the Y direction, it is = 8.68 kN / mm (as load), 9.01 kN / mm (as a structure). The basic shear force increases by 1.01 times (brick as a structure), and 1.015 times (brick as a load). When compared to brick as a load, the maximum stiffness increases by 0.96 times (brick as a structure) and 1,044 times (brick as a load).
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185061
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The effect of using silica fume on medium strength concrete
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  First page: 020006
  Abstract: Silica fume is a fine powder additive consisting of amorphous microspheres with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 µm, which important role in the concrete chemical and mechanical properties effect. Mechanical properties when viewing on geometrically, silica fume is known as a pozzolanic material to fill the cavities on the concrete material. In this paper, to determine the optimum composition of using the silica fume on medium strength concrete from Kampar district local materials, Riau Province. The design of this study used 20 Mpa strength concrete with the addition of silica fume. The used amounts of silica fume content to increase mechanical properties are 0–15% from concrete weight and there is 24 pieces sample. The concrete compressive strength test was carried out at 14 and 28 days of soaked, and the test object uses a cylinder. This test on concrete soaked representing each design age. The results of this study, the addition of silica fume has the optimum composition of 5% for 14 days of age, the compressive strength of the concrete is 31 MPa. And for 28 days of age, the compressive strength of concrete is 26 Mpa.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154265
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Study on river morphology in Pabelan river after the Merapi eruption in
2010
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  First page: 020007
  Abstract: Mount Merapi is the most active volcano in Indonesia. The dangers posed by Mount Merapi were hot clouds, incandescent lava, and cold lava. Cold lava floods will transport enormous volcanic material, causing an impact on the area around the downstream river. The main purpose of this study is to analyze changes in cross-section and longitudinal sections after the 2010 eruption, to analyze the value of aggradation and degradation. The method used is the method of analysis using DEM in 2008, and the Cross-Section of the Pabelan River in 2012 and 2015. Based on the result shows that significant changes in cross-sectional and longitudinal sections occur at point 52 + 0. Changes in elevation of point 52 + 0 have decreased in elevation from 2008 to 2012. The aggradation volume of sediment at point 33 + 0, at point 50 + 0 and at point 52 + 0 are 1,700,595 m3, 2,385,226 m3 and 1,354,799 m3, respectively. The degradation volume of sediment at point 57 + 0, at point 59 + 0 and at point 67 + 0 are 4,607,479 m3, 4,639,474m3 and 19,431,948 m3, respectively. The degradation tends to take place in the upstream area and aggradation occurs at the point that the sabo dam was contracted.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154924
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The characteristics of porous asphalt using styrofoam substitution on
60/70 asphalt with rice husk ash with rock ash filler
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  First page: 020008
  Abstract: Asphalt Porus is a flexible pavement technology that can be applied in Indonesia t have a tropical climate with high rainfall, which danger of water. One of the innovations that can be used is porous asphalt with styrofoam as polymer added material. The quality of bitumen can also be improved by using fillers in the mixture. The waste of rice husk ash is used as a filler to help the asphalt mixture improve quality and reduce environmental damage. The research is the porous asphalt mixture’s characteristics with the substitution of styrofoam into asphalt penetration of 60/70 with the variation of filler rice husk ash and rock ash. The specimens’ preparation of Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) based on the Australian method by some parameters namely; the value of Cantabro Loss (CL), Asphalt Flow Down (AFD), Voids in Mix (VIM), and Permeability. Open-graded aggregate was used, and the substitution of styrofoam variations was 7%, 9%, and 11% with the variation fillers. The results that the Optimum Asphalt Content was 5.58%. The asphalt with Styrofoam substitution with rice husk ash (RHA) and rock ash (RA) filler of the best with the value CL, AFD, VIM, and permeability at the Styrofoam content of 7% using the filler material (RA 25% - RHA75%). Which all the parameters have required by AAPA (2004). The value of void in the mix with substitution styrofoam 7% of filler in the mixture. The increase in asphalt content is the cantabro loss value can be an increase. In other words, the mixture’s resistance to the release of grain is getting bigger, while the greater the asphalt content into the asphalt flow down the value of the mix to also increase so that the level of separation of asphalt with aggregate in the mixture is getting bigger.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154767
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
An-Nahl, the multifunction transportation system
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  First page: 020009
  Abstract: If the traffic congestions are a common sight. How the solution is to this problem' We cannot continually increase the length of the road because one day it is not possible. Many experts argue that the existence of mass transportation must be optimized. We know that the mass transportation modes of buses or trains have been around for a long time, but until now their existence has not been optimal enough to resolve traffic congestion due to the fragmented position of each, therefore innovation is needed to integrate them. This article introduces an innovation to combine multi-mode (rail, public and private transportation) and road infrastructure (drainage system, piping, and cabling) called the An-Nahl Fly Over. It is feasible to cross over rivers and conventional railroads (single track), thus economizing development investment costs. An-Nahl Fly Over can also reduce the number of accidents between land vehicles and trains because the train’s position is always on an elevated track. This idea is based on efficiency so that it can overcome traffic congestion and air pollution in cities and urban villages.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0157559
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Sustainable construction concepts on the contractor in Banda Aceh: A
comprehension and application analysis
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  First page: 020010
  Abstract: Sustainable construction is a process of producing a sustainable building by taking into account environmentally friendly principles, and using resources effectively and efficiently from the commencement of the planning, implementation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition process. The problem of this research is the extent to which the understanding and application of the concept of sustainable construction on contractors in Banda Aceh. The purpose of this research is to analyze the understanding and application of the concept of sustainable construction on contractors in Banda Aceh. The study was conducted in the form of a distributed questionnaire containing statement items regarding the understanding and application of the concept of sustainable construction on contractors in Banda Aceh, with respondents of small (K) and medium (M) qualified contractors. The number of contractors involved in this study was 44 contractors in Banda Aceh. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling. The variables used in this research are the variables of understanding the concept of sustainable construction and the variable of implementing the concept of sustainable construction. The validity test results obtained that the r-count value of each variable is entirely greater than the r-table and the r-table value for 1% significance is 0.3843. This shows that the data obtained is valid. Furthermore, the reliability test results on each variable obtained a total value greater than 0.6. This shows that the data obtained is reliable. Based on the descriptive analysis of the variable understanding the concept of sustainable construction, the mean value was 4.287, and the variable application of the sustainable construction concept obtained a mean value of 3.851. This shows that the majority of contractors understand the concept of sustainable construction. In its application, almost all respondents optimize selecting environmentally friendly materials because they are readily available in Banda Aceh.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155033
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Review of infiltration rate in tropical coastal areas (a preliminary study
in Papua)
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  First page: 020011
  Abstract: In the discussion of water balance to maintain the sustainability of water resource management in a coastal area, the infiltration parameter is one of the important studies of hydrological process dynamics. It should be the theme of an in-depth study. This research is a preliminary study on the review of the value of the infiltration rate in the coastal area of Sorong City, with the primary objective of the study, is to analyze the value of the infiltration rate on the influence of soil properties in the coastal area of Sorong City, comparing it with the value of infiltration rates in other coastal areas in Indonesia and in other tropical areas abroad whose values are obtained from literature studies, as well as analyzing the effect of soil properties on infiltration capacity in urban areas with tropical coastal climates. Field inspection using a sand cone and double-ring infiltrometer continued with laboratory tests, including soil density, infiltration capacity, and soil moisture content. The result of the research is that the value of infiltration capacity in the coastal area of Sorong City is dominated by the category very rapid infiltration (81.82% of the infiltration value is above 25 cm/hour), the infiltration rate for cities in tropical coastal areas is included in the very rapid infiltration category, and is influenced by the value of water content (R2 = 0.3333) and porosity (R2 = 0.3506), while density has a less significant effect (R2=0.0875).
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154925
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effect of adding steel fiber and viscocrete 8670-Mn tensile on the
strength test of concrete
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  First page: 020012
  Abstract: Concrete is a very important material used in the construction sector. Developments for research on the tensile strength of concrete are increasingly being improved. Steel fiber concrete aims to increase the tensile strength of concrete so that it is resistant to the tensile force caused by the influence of climate, temperature, and weather changes experienced by a large surface. One of the ingredients that have a function to increase the split tensile strength of concrete is steel fiber. In addition to the use of steel fiber, also added an admixture in the form of viscocrete 8679-MN. This research aims to increase the tensile strength of concrete with steel fiber and mixed with viscocrete 8670-MN. Where steel fiber and viscocrete 8670-MN are used in concrete mixes, check using a 15 x 30 cm cylinder at the age of 28 days. The study results obtained the value of the tensile strength of the concrete plan of 25 MPa. The steel fiber percentage in the mixture is 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, while viscocrete 8670-MN used 0.8%. From the results of this study, the tensile strength of concrete with the highest value was obtained with a mixture of steel fiber 4% and viscocrete 8670-MN 0.8%, namely 3.82 MPa for 28 days.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154525
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The effect of NaOH molarity on the performance of geopolymer concrete
using fly ash from North Sumatera and Aceh
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  First page: 020013
  Abstract: Geopolymer concrete is green concrete that uses fly ash and alkali activator substituting Portland cement. The use of Fly Ash from different sources produces different concrete characteristics. This study used three different fly ashes obtained from three different coal-fired power plants in Aceh and North Sumatera: Nagan Raya, Labuhan Angin, and Pangkalan Susu, as geopolymer concrete material. The 10 Molar and 12 Molar Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solutions were used as a variable in this study. Then, the concrete was tested with a compressive strength test, splitting tensile strength test, flexural tensile strength test, and elasticity modulus test. The specimen for the compressive strength test was 100×100×100 mm cube which was tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. The splitting tensile strength test and modulus elasticity test specimen was 150×300 mm cylinder tested at 28 days. The specimen for the flexure test was 100×100×500 mm beam tested at 28 days. Based on the result, it was found that geopolymer concrete using Pangkalan Susu fly ash and 12 M of NaOH had higher performance than geopolymer concrete using Nagan Raya and mixed fly ashes. Geopolymer concrete made from fly ash is promising to be applied as a construction material for both structural and non-structural elements.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185802
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Potential of waste tire rubber and rice husk ash in self compacting
concrete
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  First page: 020014
  Abstract: Waste Tire Rubber (WTR) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) are waste materials incorporated into concrete separately. This paper worked to find out the potential of both materials in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) by gradually adding WTR from 0, 10%, and 20%. RHA was added as cement replacement for 5% and 10% with addition of superplasticizer to improve the flowability of the fresh concrete. Two water-cement ratios 0.35 and 0.45, were employed. The fresh and hardened concrete properties were investigated in slump flow, v-funnel and compressive strength tests. The result showed slump flow would decrease along with the increase of WTR and RHA while most of its viscosity falls in the accepted range. The compressive strength is inversely proportionated with the waste material added. However, from the strength point of view, this combination of SCC can be used in structural and nonstructural construction.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155314
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Calcium oxide utilization analysis on chloride ion penetration of fly ash
concrete
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  First page: 020015
  Abstract: Cement as main binder in concrete has a negative impact on environment as it produces green house gas emission. Therefore, fly ash is an alternative as cement substitution and give benefit to reduce concrete porosity. However, when concrete expose in aggressive environment, some aggressive substance such as calcium oxide possibly to reduce concrete durability. The porosity of concrete is directly related to the permeability and lower permeability lead to lower chloride ion penetration. This study utilizes calcium oxide (CaO) in casting fly ash concrete with CaO variations of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% and testing program consist of initial setting time test, slump test, compressive strength test, and Rapid Chloride Penetration (refers to ASTM C1202). The process of testing the penetration of chloride ions requires a vacuum process on the specimens to be airtight. The result shows that addition of calcium oxide can accelerate the initial setting time and also the addition of CaO has a good impact at 5% on compressive strength. The addition of calcium oxide has not been able to improve significantly on chloride ion penetration.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155471
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Literature review of BPM (BPM) level of maturity in MSMEs in Indonesia
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  First page: 030001
  Abstract: Because of technological advancements, the development of BPM (BPM) and market share ownership competition is one of the most important challenges faced by managers and organizational leaders in the current era. Almost all organizations or companies, no exception organizations or Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), need a system that can integrate business operations to run well, quickly, and efficiently. To integrate the system, it must be ensured that the BPM of the organization or company is effective. Enterprises that have implemented BPM effectively help to improve organizational performance to achieve competitive advantage. With maturity, it is expected to measure the BPM ability performance in an organization or business. This paper provides how a BPM maturity level has been applied in MSMEs using a literature study method.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154330
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Factor analysis that affects work productivity (case study: Employee PDAM
Pamekasan district)
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  First page: 030002
  Abstract: Work productivity is work done efficiently and effectively and following the right target and timing. The PDAM Pamekasan is a branch of BUMN engaged in the production of clean water for society. The problem that occurred decreased the productivity of work from the employee of PDAM Pamekasan, so there is a complaint that caused society’s satisfaction decreases. Besides, the PDAM Pamekasan also wanted to apply good management to its employees. Based on the problem, the research aims to determine the factors that affect work productivity. The method used is factor analysis. Factor analysis is one of the techniques of multivariate statistics. In factor analysis, variables will be reduced and grouped into several factors. The results of the study gained that three factors affect work productivity. These factors include the first factor (the motivation factor), consisting of wages, a good working environment, involvement in organizational activities, caring for fellow employees, and working discipline. The second factor (service factor), consists of interesting jobs, security and protection works, and employee loyalty. The third factor (personality factor), consists of work ethic and promotion, and employee development.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154377
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Proposed material requirement planning on slippers products with the lot
for lot approach
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  First page: 030003
  Abstract: Inventories are essential in supporting the production process of a company. SMEs (small and medium enterprises) Annas is a business that moves on the production of slippers. The business problem is the lack and excess of materials requirements and uses the estimated. The research aims better to manage the material requirement planning of slipper products and reduce waste costs. The methods used are material requirement planning with the technique Lot for Lot. The results of research results obtained for the inventory of materials, selop, and soul carried out ordering materials as much as 12 times and no holding costs. On the materials, footwear makes an order 11 times, and there is a holding cost. The total inventory cost of slipper materials using the Lot for Lot Method is IDR 31,400,000. These results are lower and better than the total inventory cost contained in SMEs Annas. Also, the Lot for Lot method can reduce waste costs.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154953
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Optimizing time and cost of the project using critical path method in the
making “lintel set point” (case study: Ravana Jaya Co. Ltd.)
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  First page: 030004
  Abstract: The planning or scheduling process is one important factor in determining the success of a project. If project scheduling is done properly, the probability of success of a project will be even greater because scheduling is an important element in project success. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the project so that it can be seen how long a project can be completed and look for the possibility of accelerating the project implementation time with the project objectives can be completed on time and at an economical cost. Applying the critical path method (CPM) in the project schedule is expected to produce a time schedule with the right duration of work and a high probability of success. Making a network diagram is needed to determine the interrelationships between activities so that the critical path of the lintel set point project will be identified. The concept of cost slope is applied by considering the existence of normal costs and acceleration costs to determine project optimization. From the data processing results, this project can normally be carried out with a duration of 171 days and requires a cost of IDR 431,185,000. Applying the CPM method gets the optimal solution where the project can be done in 155 days with a project cost of IDR 429,171,000.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155119
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The safety culture in the shipbuilding industries
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  First page: 030005
  Abstract: The shipbuilding industry is one of the construction activities that can cause injury and death. Even be the most dangerous in terms of work. One of the causes of the funeral is the low safe climate. However, there are gaps in measuring the safety climate. Various levels of safety climate can be found between different workgroups in one organization. Therefore, it needs to be measured in a broader scope, namely, safety culture covering the entire organization. Safety culture is a reasonably recent regulatory construct. Because it has been used among regulators from various sectors in only recent years, in this study, a questionnaire was developed that can measure safety culture developed from three dimensions related to the causes of accidents and occupational diseases that have been proven theoretically and empirically, such as the climate of safety, safety behavior, and safety communication. Questionnaires were distributed to 260 workers in the shipbuilding industry in Indonesia. The processing factor analysis results included 36 items on the questionnaire, which were found as robust indicators of the 14 factors formed. We conclude that this questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument that can assess safety culture and identify the most appropriate strategies to strengthen safety culture that effectively influences practices, behaviors, and decisions that can affect processes to assure safety in the shipbuilding industries.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185488
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Hospital performance measurement based on intangible assets using Skandia
navigator model: A case study
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  First page: 030006
  Abstract: This article aims to introduce intellectual capital performance measurement by the Skandia Navigator performance measurement model. Intellectual capital performance measurement is very related to human resources and information as intangible assets. A case study as a research object is a private hospital in Gresik, East Java. This study uses eighteen performance indicators based on a literature review. Based on the measurement, the indicator of innovation is not good. Innovation is usually related to human creativity. Besides, the performance indicator of organizational behavior, customer satisfaction, stakeholder satisfaction, and quality service needs more attention from management because performance decrease from period to period. Generally, all of the focus performance is good. Still, there is a need for continuous improvement, especially for financial focus, customer focus, and renewal and development focus because this focus has performance decrease from period to period.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185030
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Instrument to assess supply chain performance for broiler plasma farms
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  First page: 030007
  Abstract: Data from the east java animal husbandry service shows that broiler production continues to increase every year, and many small-scale farmers cooperate with core companies called plasma farms. Good performance is needed to continue the collaboration, but so far performance measurement has only been carried out by core companies, and plasma breeders do not yet have performance appraisal instruments to evaluate their performance. This study aims to design a supply chain performance assessment instrument for broiler plasma farms using the SCOR method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Key Performance Indicator (KPI) will be formed based on the elaboration of the five core processes, which AHP then weights both the weight of the core processes, performance attributes, and performance metrics in a definitive performance attribute. From the formed KPI, the biggest weight is on the core process Make. In the core process, Plan the biggest weight on the KPI "Time to clean and prepare the cage until ready for chick in". In the core process Source the biggest weight on KPI "Livestock Production Facilities procurement costs borne by the farmer". In the core process, Make the biggest weight on the KPI “% of profit to initial capital”. In the core process of Deliver, the largest weight is on the KPI "Harvest costs borne by farmers in 1 cycle". In the core process of Return, there is only the KPI "Tonnage of chickens that are sold at postponed prices".
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155118
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Manufacturing industry strategy to improve the development of calcium
carbonate products with quality function deployment techniques at PT.
Saribumi Gresik - Indonesia
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  First page: 030008
  Abstract: PT. Sari Bumi Sidayu is a manufacturing industry company in the field of calcium carbonate production, so far, the sales target of its products has not reached the expected increase. In the course of producing calcium carbonate, the company has not shown satisfactory results. That is because the production results are not good and have some weaknesses from the imperfect production of raw materials. In this case, the company develops Calcium Carbonate products in an effort to increase company productivity and to meet consumer needs for the products produced. In this study, it is formulated which attributes the company needs to improve and design product development on calcium carbonate in order to produce a quality product. Then the product development method that will be applied in this research is the Quality Function Deployment technique. Then analyzed, the results of this study found that 3 attributes have high values of 18 attributes that must be improved, namely the product adhesion capability 3.9 and the safety of the material composition 3.77 and the addition of other materials 3.76. This resulted in a recommendation to improve the company’s calcium carbonate product development according to development priorities on the attributes considered important by customers based on technical response with the highest score of 2.28 on the adhesive content attribute. So that the calcium carbonate product produced by PT. Sari Bumi has high quality and competitiveness in the market.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185487
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Student perceptions of supply chain manager skills and competency:
Comparative study of industrial engineering and management
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  First page: 030009
  Abstract: This era has entered an era to compete in making it an effective and efficient Supply chain. Therefore, supply chain manager skills need to be considered. In this research. The author compares the perceptions of students majoring in industrial engineering with management students of competency skills that should be possessed by the supply chain managers. The questionnaire was distributed and received a total of 223 respondents. The data is then processed using descriptive statistical methods. The results of the questionnaire stated that Industrial engineering students with management agreed that the most important skill for supply manager 1 was analytical ability. Whereas the biggest difference in perception lies in communication skills. Communication skills got a score of 4.27 from industrial engineering respondents and got a score of 3.97 from management respondents.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154423
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Comparative analysis of academic website quality using the webqual method
and modified importance performance analysis (MIPA)
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  First page: 030010
  Abstract: A and B are two Private Universities (PTS) established by Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah. A and B have an official website that is a source of information and services for the academic community and prospective community members. A and B’s official website service is expected to facilitate various groups who need information and educational services. Therefore the quality of information and services available must be available properly to obtain information and services quickly and precisely. In the development of tertiary institutions, official websites’ role has an essential role as the face of these universities in cyberspace. Almost all universities in Indonesia have used official websites because there will be competition between universities in terms of website quality. In this study, researchers compared the quality of the A’s website with B’s website based on the user’s perspective using the WebQual 4.0 method and Modified Importance Performance Analysis (MIPA). The sample selection uses a Purposive Sampling approach and uses the Bernoulli formula. Respondents who participated in this study were 80 respondents. As a result, the B’s website is better than the A’s website. This result is evidenced by the 16 attributes of the 23 A’s website attributes superior. And as many as eight attributes need to be repaired immediately by the A’s website manager. From the analysis of the factors of use of technology, human resources, and website work units, B is superior to the A’s website.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154282
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The strategy of small auto parts industries in responding to the market
demand dynamic
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  First page: 030011
  Abstract: The small-auto parts industry’s main problem is the inability of the sector in West Java to meet market demand as a reflection of the difficulty of accessing capital and the limited human resources that are ready and fully trained. This study aims to determine the strategy of Small auto parts industries in response to market demand dynamics. This research uses a system dynamics approach that analyzes the different variables that make up the complex industrial network of automotive components. This research seeks to see the patterns and responses of small industries to market demand through a dynamic system approach. The results show that small enterprises are responding to market demand by increasing the quantity of production. Increasing the production quantity is a strategy for using funds and rising labor productivity owned by small industries.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155990
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Reduction losses rate in filling process of stick ice product using the
six sigma approach
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  First page: 030012
  Abstract: Nowadays, firms face uncertain external environments, such as demand, political situations, and pandemics, among competitors, and that is why need consistency of quality performance of products to complete the competition. Several big food and beverage manufacturers in Indonesia supply ice cream products to the market and seized the same shared market. PT. XYZ is one of the food manufacturers to be best in operational excellence by reducing defects in product as big problems to this company. As daily report production show that defects of the finished product of ice cream especially stick ice product very high due to improperly filling process in one of the machines. Annual losses of the stick in the filling process raised to 60600 pcs per year and equivalence with IDR 35,299,500 exclude the price of the mix (work in process) attached in those sticks. High defects in this process make production costs high and impact manufacturing performance. This study aims to find the root cause of the defects and then analyze problems that occurred by DMAIC methodology six sigma approached as a tool to improve. Six sigma approached to these problems comprise define problems, measures, analyze, improvement and control. The main causes of the defects were several factors, especially from technical factors such as improper stick position and brine as chemical compositions. Analyze step used to test hypothesis testing by two proportions in Minitab software. The purpose of this step was to find where the hypothesis of variables as critical factors. This research uses DOE (Design of Experiment) because more than two variables are identified as critical factors. This research resulted in an increased sigma level from 3.23 to 4.3. it means that the capability process of filling machines being improved and can reduce the number of defects and reduced losses of the quality annual cost to IDR 1,853,299,500.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154297
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Evaluating the service quality of third party logistics service provider
using importance-performance analysis
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  First page: 030013
  Abstract: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the service quality of third-party logistics providers and to prioritize which logistics service quality attributes to be improved. The LSQ scale developed by Mentzer is validated to obtain these attributes. By using the importance-performance analysis, it can be indicated that there are four attributes that should be improved immediately.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185485
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Business process modeling of the matawolot community convection during the
Covid-19 pandemic
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  First page: 030014
  Abstract: Entrepreneurial growth is very important for the country’s economic growth. Indonesia has a small number of entrepreneurs compared to other countries. The government is currently paying more attention to entrepreneurial growth. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many businesses to lose and close. In addition to global economic conditions, the reason for not developing or closing a business is the manager’s ability. The Sorong vocational training center has provided sewing skills training for the women of the Matawolot village. However, skills training without business training will not improve the community’s economy. So it is necessary to design a business process model that adapts to current resources and conditions. This modeling will be made using the Business Process Modeling Notations (BPMN) method. This modeling shows that the business process formed is not owned by one person but belongs to a business group. Five elements are arranged: Customer, Promotion/Distribution, Purchasing, and Production. Promotional activities, negotiations, and transactions are carried out online. In contrast, the production process is carried out at home by dividing three types: pattern cutting, body and sleeve sewing, and button installation. After that, it is checked and distributed. The results of the implemented modeling show an increase in the number of orders in three months, namely the manufacture of personal clothing for business groups by as much as 12%, school uniforms by 184%, and the number of orders for community uniforms by as much as 635.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154931
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Microplastics in the Indonesian small screen-printing industries:
Environment and human possible risks
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  First page: 030015
  Abstract: One of Indonesia’s most rapidly growing industries today is the textile industry, including the screen printing industry. The screen printing industry is transferring a stenciled design into a flat surface using a mesh screen and ink. SME plays an important role in the screen printing industry and contributes a significant GDP. Based on the Ministry of Industry, about 118 SME’s printing industry in Indonesia in 2021. It was found that SMEs can produce about 7.000 pcs of sablons in a month, which provides important economic value to the local community. However, the industry’s production process also negatively impacts the environment and human health. The waste from the industry is highly contaminated by microplastic, which is dangerous for humans and the environment. This research aims to identify the microplastic impact of the SME printing industry in Indonesia by using Life Cycle Assessment Analysis. The analysis showed that the screen printing phase has the highest environmental impact, which is contributed by the carcinogenic effect created by the microplastic. The contribution value of the carcinogens effect is 0.029 kg C2H3Cl-eq per pcs. There is adequate evidence that these carcinogens can cause cancer in humans; thus, some alternative green material substitutions are proposed in this research.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0156148
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The influence of cutting parameters of the conventional lathe on the
dimension precision of door hinge product
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  First page: 040001
  Abstract: In the manufacturing process, the usability of lathes to produce products very diverse, one of which is to create door hinges. The precision on the door hinges is one form of maintaining product quality. This research was conducted to determine the effect of spindle rotational speed, depth of cut (feeding motion), and chisel geometry angle on the door hinge precision. The method used is the RAL Factorial experiment. There are three factors, namely factor A (spindle speed), factor B (depth of cut), and factor C (chisel geometry angle). Each factor has 2-factor levels. From the results of the study, there is one indicator that is the interaction between factor A (spindle speed), factor B (depth of cut), and factor C (chisel geometry angle), which significantly affects the dimensional precision of the door hinge product. The value of F calculates the indicator at 6.26 > F of the table =5.31. From the result of the interaction, the plot can be stated that all factors occur interactions that describe that each factor has a dependency on other factors in determining the dimensions of the precision door hinges product.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154359
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Flow numerical analysis in the process of pouring resin on pelton turbine
blade molds using solidworks software
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  First page: 040002
  Abstract: To see the flow pattern that occurs in the Pelton turbine blade mold, it is seen by comparing the pressure drop and the comparison of the pressure drop with the speed using Solidworks software. The moving fluid makes the propeller rotate and produces energy to move the rotor. The research was conducted to see the process of resin pouring in the Pelton turbine blade mold using Solidworks software. From the simulation results, the velocity value is 0.0003 m/s, the pressure drop is 35495.65 Pa at 0.000475 m/s velocity pressure drop =52012.65 Pa and 0.00065 m/s =77152.41 Pa at velocity 0.00825 m/s obtained pressure drip =115700.58 Pa. the velocity value with the pressure drop value is directly proportional, that is, if the velocity value is greater, the pressure value is also greater and the comparison value between pressure drop with the incoming velocity value from the Z-axis (vertical) is also directly proportional. The appropriate speed for numerical analysis using Solidworks software is 0.0003 m/s.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185486
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Exergy analysis desalination of single slope solar still
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  First page: 040003
  Abstract: Solar desalination technology is a technology that utilizes sunlight as the main energy source that produces clean water by heating the seawater inside the evaporator until it evaporates and condensation produces freshwater which can separate the salt content from seawater. In this study, the authors used the passive single slope method which did not use a pump to circulate and also inject because the passive single slope method does not require a lot of additional materials such as the pump used in the active single slope system. The model is planned for a passive single slope system with a glass surface area of 1 m² with a thickness of 3 mm and a tilt angle of 30°. The water level from the bottom is 20 mm and tested for 7 days starting from 08.00 AM - 17.00 PM. From the results of data processing carried out, it can be concluded that the high and low intensity and weather factors greatly affect the results of the test. The highest exergy energy evaporator occurs on the fourth day until it reaches 12.82 kWh at 15:00 PM, and the lowest evaporator energy exergy on day five is 3.27 kWh at 14:00 PM. The highest exergy energy occurred on the fifth day reaching 0.68 kWh at 13:00 PM and the lowest exergy energy on the seventh day was 0.51 kWh at 11:00 AM.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185749
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effect of solar intensity on performance desalination single slope solar
still
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  First page: 040004
  Abstract: In recent years, clean water treatment methods have discussed desalination as a technique for separating impurities from contaminated water. This looks good considering the desalination process is an effective way besides using solar/renewable energy which is also environmentally friendly. In this study, the authors used a single passive slope method that does not use a pump to circulate and also injects because the single passive slope method does not require a lot of additional materials such as pumps used in active single slope systems. The test results show that the change in the results of clean water and energy absorbed depends on how big the sun’s intensity is on that day. The high intensity of the sun shows that it is bright during the day when testing and the energy absorbed by the water evaporates faster and produces clean water. The highest sun intensity is seen on the fourth day of 457.26 W/m2 with the amount of clean water produced by 0.25 kg, and the lowest sun intensity occurs on the sixth day, namely 276.65 W/m2 with the amount of clean water 0.12 kg.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185751
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effect of soluble oil emulsion (SOE) oil coolant on surface roughness
material steel ST37 in lathe grinding machine
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  First page: 040005
  Abstract: This study aimed to determine the influence of spindle speed and soluble oil emulsion coolant (SOE) on the surface roughness value of ST37 steel. In this study, the grinding process was performed using a lathe machine with a variety of spindle speeds, and feeding depths were set i.e. 260, 440 rpm for the spindle and 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mm for feeding depth. Based on the experimental result, the speed spindle variation and coolant used throughout the grinding process affect the surface roughness on the ST 37 steel. The grinding process result with spindle 440 rpm has a roughness value better than spindle 260 in each depth variation. Furthermore, the grinding process using coolant also has smooth surface roughness compared to without coolant. In conclusion, the SOE used during the grinding process successfully decreased the surface roughness value of the workpiece during the grinding turning process at a spindle speed of 260 rpm the lowest roughness was 0.683 µm at a depth grinding of 0.1 mm, and the highest roughness was 0.997 µm in-depth grinding of 0.3 mm. Whereas to the spindle speed of 440 rpm, the lowest surface roughness was 0.316 µm at a depth of 0.1 mm, the highest roughness was 0.551 µm, and the grinding depth was 0.3 mm. Based on the experiment results, we concluded that the workpiece surface has better roughness when the depth of the grinding process is slight with a higher rpm. This is made so that these results contribute to the metal machining industry.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185768
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Hydrogen gas generation through water electrolysis with Fragaria catalyst
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  First page: 040006
  Abstract: Hydrogen is one of the promising alternative energies. It has about 3 times the energy content of gasoline. This study aims to generate hydrogen gas with Fragaria solutions through an effective electrolysis process with environmentally friendly and low-cost materials. The MQ-8 was used as a hydrogen gas detector. The MQ-8 was connected to the Arduino Uno microcontroller. The detected hydrogen gas data was recorded on the computer via the Arduino Uno software. The results show electrolysis using a Fragaria solution can increase hydrogen gas 6x compared to using water only. This is due to Fragaria containing anthocyanins which consist of the C-H, C=C, and O-H functional groups. On the other hand, water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. In terms of their charges, water consists of H+ and OH-. Fragaria disrupts the balance of covalent bonds in water. When H+ and OH- are disturbed by the C=C groups in Fragaria, OH- tends to be attracted by the C=C groups. This indicates that Fragaria can be an alternative catalyst for generating hydrogen gas by electrolysis.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154964
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Manufacturing processes: Skateboard from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber
composite
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  First page: 040007
  Abstract: The research aims to manufacture skateboards from natural composite. The constituent elements of this composite are unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix and the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) fiber as a filler. Mixing these materials with a ratio of OPEFB fiber and polyester resin composition is made based on a volume fraction 20:80. The OPEFB fiber is arranged longitudinally with one layer according to the thickness of the skateboard mold. The mold is made of metals, it has no cover. The manufacturing process by using hand lay-up. The result is skateboard product has a smooth surface on one side, it depends on the position of the base plate. Making the finished product required a grinding process, painting, and assembling.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154929
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Characterization of heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop in
rectangular channel featuring different V-ribs construction
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  First page: 040008
  Abstract: In the internal cooling channel of gas turbine blades, the rib structure is practiced extensively to increase the heat transfer rate bypassing the cooling fluid that finishes the rib surface. This research aims to characterize heat transfer and pressure drop in the cooling duct with a rectangular cross-section with a solid V-rib and perforated V-rib. This research has been conducted using numerical analysis with the standard k-ω model. The channel to be tested is rectangular, with a width of 320 mm x 120 mm in height. The Reynold number ranges from 570, 1,300, 2,900, 3,700, 20,000, 40,000, 60,000, and 80,000. Construction ribs, rib height 10 mm, pitch 50 mm solid V-ribs, and variations of perforated V-ribs with hole diameters of 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm. The laminar and transition flow regimes have not significantly affected the solid V-rib and perforated V-rib configurations on heat transfer. For turbulent flow, heat transfer in perforated V-rib configuration is higher than in solid V-rib configuration. In the laminar flow regime, which is 500<Re<1300, the solid V-rib’s pressure drop is lower than that of the perforated V-rib. The pressure drop for solid V-rib configuration is higher than for perforated V-rib configuration in the transition flow regime of 2700<Re <3700 and turbulent flow of 20,000<Re <80,000.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185755
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Performance of SI engine using blended fuel from waste plastic pyrolysis
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  First page: 040009
  Abstract: The paper evaluates SI engine performance in various blended fuels by adding up to 30% of plastic pyrolysis oil (PPO) from low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The production of PPO was referred to that carried out by another researcher. The investigation was realized by using a single-cylinder engine test-bed with a speed ranging from 1000-4000 rpm. As a baseline, the first experiment applied pure gasoline to have the brake torque (BT) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at various engine speeds. The next step is pure gasoline was blended with PPO by adding 10% and 30%, the result in a new mixture of fuel called PPO10 and PPO30, respectively. At the same procedure, using both of them was carefully investigated to advance analysis. Performance testing of the SI engine showed that the maximum of brake torque PPO10 type is lower by 1.7% (1.011 Nm at 2722 rpm), and the PPO30 lower by 7.3% (0.953 Nm at 2722 rpm) when compared to gasoline fuel at 1.029 Nm at 2722 rpm. Maximum brake power is 0.286 kW at 2722 rpm for the use of PPO10, and PPO30 is 0.27 kW at 2722, where this value is 3.3% and 8.6% lower than gasoline (0.296 kW at 2722 rpm). Other results showed that using both blended fuels is more efficient in fuel consumption than gasoline.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154956
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
An experimental study of a sawdust machine feeder performance on a roof
tile furnace
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  First page: 040010
  Abstract: In a factory and firm, Sawdust has been commercially produced as an activated carbon briquette. Research on this ‘waste’ raw material gradually becomes interesting for finding an alternative fuel for the roof tile furnace. The bio-conversion can be conducted to transform the sawdust into heat energy. The flame stability influences the quality of a good roof tile in the furnace. The method to conduct this research was true experimental research as the data gained was the result of the experiments conducted. This experimental study was selected to test the hypothesis properly. This study shows that opening the valve is 3 mm wide during 480 seconds and 0.0063 kg of sawdust as the fuel gives optimum calorific energy, 53.307 kJ. Meanwhile, the calorific energy of 7.6152 kJ is obtained with 0.0036 kg sawdust as the fuel and the opening time of the valve within 120 seconds.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0158101
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The effect of the tempering process on the hardness and impact strength on
NS 4340 steel
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  First page: 040011
  Abstract: All human needs cannot be separated from the metal element, metal is one of the supporting technologies at this time so metal properties engineering is one of the promising topics. Tempering is a process used to change the properties of steel, this process aims to change several important parameters in the material such as hardness and toughness. This research aimed to determine the differences in hardness and strength values of NS-4340 steel before and after tempering. The test specimens were used following the ASTM E-23 standard. The heating process is performed using a heating furnace, the test specimens were heated at a temperature of 650 °C for 15 minutes. Furthermore, the specimens were cooled using water media with variations in cooling time of 15, 20, and 25 minutes. The test results show that the tempering process with cooling time variations influences the material’s hardness and toughness. NS-4340 steel has a higher hardness value and becomes softer due to this process.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0156743
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Study of the utilization of thermoelectric generator and thermocline for
improvement of solar still performance
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  First page: 040012
  Abstract: Solar stills generally work because they are energized by solar energy, making them very economical. Unfortunately, solar still productivity is still low and lowers further when solar irradiance decreases. This is one of the reasons for the low efficiency of solar stills. This study uses a thermoelectric generator attached to the solar still to overcome this inefficiency. The heating temperature for the thermoelectric generator is obtained from the outer side of the solar still heat absorber, while the cold temperature is from the thermocline layer. The heat absorber of the solar still size is 400 mm x 300 mm using 3 mm of aluminium material. The thermoelectric generator uses 48 pieces of TEHP1-1263-1.5-1.3A type, and the thermocline is set at a temperature of 5 °C. The results show that the efficiency of the solar still increased by 129% with the addition of a thermoelectric generator and thermocline.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154948
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Optimization of the type-L savonius wind turbine design
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  First page: 040013
  Abstract: Small-scale power plants can be used by the community in villages, cities, and remote areas to meet their needs for electrical energy. Environment-friendly energy sources are needed to reduce exhaust emissions from fossil fuels. The purpose of this research is to create a small-scale power generator. The method used in energy source research, observation, literature review, and laboratory-scale testing. From the research results, the vertical axis wind turbine is suitable for use with the type L. savonius. The wind turbine has a vertical shaft with two blades facing each other to form the letter L. savonius rotor type can operate in areas with low wind speeds of less than 4 m/s and can generate large torque. In the research on the optimization of the L-type Savonius rotor design, treatment was given in the form of overlapping blade distances from the shaft 0 mm, 35 mm, and 70 mm, and the addition of a wind guide (fin) which was tested using an experimental method by taking data at a speed of 2 m/s, 2.5 m/s, 3.5 m/s, 4 m/s, and 4.5 m/s. The tests include force (N) and rotation (rpm). The results of the tests carried out showed that the turbine rotation at a wind speed of 2 m/s was 32,472 rpm and a wind speed of 4.5 m/s at 45,673 rpm, while at the wind speed of 4.5 m/s, the overlap was 0 mm without a guide, while at 70 mm overlap with the fin steering. With a wind speed of 2 m/s 40.344 rpm and a wind speed of 4.5 m/s 164.28 rpm. Tests were carried out using a fin guide at a wind speed of 2 m/s of 35.568 rpm and 88.728 rpm at a wind speed of 4.5 m/s at an overlap of 0 mm with the guide, while at an overlap of 70 mm (with a guide/fin), the wind speed 2 m/s at 85.92 rpm and 188.4 rpm at a wind speed of 4.5 m/s.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154270
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Engineering of multicore type cable isolation machine with the DMAIC
method to reduce product scrap
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  First page: 040014
  Abstract: The process of industrial development is always dynamic, so it must have a high commitment so that companies in the industrialization process should be oriented toward customer desires. A reliable product planning design must maintain quality standards from the beginning of the process to the finished product so that the product unit is still in a good category when it reaches the customer because it is a major part that sustainability can be maintained consistently. Isolation machine engineering is carried out through Six Sigma, an overall approach to improve quality through the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). At the Define stage using the Pareto diagram, the highest product scrap is Pure Cu 51.70%, the measuring stage obtained a sigma value of 3.14, and the Analyze stage uses a hypothesis test on vital factors so that the tub-Jig Printing Roll Single is obtained with the Improve stage which is carried out with a replacement of tub-Jig Printing Roll Double obtained a sigma value of 3.99 with efficiency 84.38% and at the control, stage using SPC (Statistical Process Control) so that the product looks in a good control chart.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154296
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Failure bushing small end connecting rod diesel engine 3500 series
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  First page: 040015
  Abstract: The diesel engine unit at PLTD Sintang had a broken cylinder block, indicating that there was a loud sound and a high vibration before the damage occurred. This study aims to determine the root cause of the failure of the broken cylinder block so that it does not happen again in other units. The method used in this research is to test the broken rod eye connecting rod in the laboratory and test the small end bushing, which is suitable for use. In the analysis of the test results, there is wear on the small end connecting rod so that the bushing space is enlarged due to the age of the piston rod, when the small end bushing is reconditioned, the pressure is not considered. The pressure when removing the bushing is below the minimum value of 24706 kPa, the process of removing the bushing will be faster, with this condition affecting the working process of the piston rod, especially the small end, and the impact of causing damage to other components. The technician’s precision when reconditioning the piston rods causes the piston rod to malfunction.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154252
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effect of baffle distance on heat exchanger performance
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  First page: 040016
  Abstract: This research was conducted to determine the effect of baffle distance on thermal performance and pressure drop in shell and tube type APKs in a triangular arrangement by flowing water as hot fluid on the tube side and air as cold fluid on the shell side. The test is carried out with input parameters of one cross shell and one tube cross, single segment baffle, baffle cut 22.61%, and 6 (six) variations in baffle distance, namely 36 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 51 mm, 59 mm, 71 mm, and every baffle distance is made 6. Hot water flow rates are kept constant. Meanwhile, the output parameter achieved is the outgoing air temperature ranging from 50 to 65 °C. From the research results obtained thermal performance (heat transfer coefficient), which is expressed by the maximum Nusselt number (Nu), and the pressure drop, which is expressed by the minimum friction factor (f) at a baffle distance of 45 mm. At a distance of 45 mm, the air temperature can reach 62.16 °C higher than the other baffle distances, and the lowest at a distance of 36 mm baffle only reaches 59.03 °C, with the same inlet temperature of 31.1 °C.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155089
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Three phase radial generator knockdown
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  First page: 050001
  Abstract: This paper offers the creation of a low-speed, three-phase knock-down radial generator with poles in the form of permanent magnets. Making this generator answers the challenges of developing water extraction devices at the micro- scale with the availability of generators for small-scale plants that can work at very low turns. The resulting generator is the result of preliminary research, which will be further developed to produce generators ready to be fabricated. Laboratory experimental results show that this generator has a very significant performance with an AC voltage for no-load of 4.5 V to 65 V, while with a load of 4.5 V to 33 V. The power generated by the generator at 100 rpm turns the output power to around 3W, while at 320 rpm, the output power can reach 25 W. The results of making this three-phase knock down radial generator in the future will be developed for household electricity use in remote areas, which can be assembled and repaired by themselves.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0156152
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Vocal letter classification with audio processing for nursing room
notification system with “Mel frequency cepstrum coefficient and
backpropagation-neural network methods”
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  First page: 050002
  Abstract: This research is addressed to modern hospitals with nurses call innovation invention to solve ordinary ways. However, this equipment is still not optimal because the patient’s family can only make calls to nurses without being able to deliver the assistance they want, a research entitled "Vocal Letters Classification with Audio Processing for the Nurse Room Notification System with the Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient and Backpropagation Method" Neural Network." This study uses the microcontroller system divided into two parts, namely hardware design and software design. This study’s results are a speech recognition nurse room system based on speech recognition as a means of communication between patients and caregivers in hospital inpatient rooms. The results of this study are divided into two tests. First data training vocal a: 100%, I: 80%, U: 100%, E: 100%, O: 80% so that it obtained a total accuracy of 92%. The second test results of vocal test data: 100%, I: 100%, U: 0%, E: 100%, and O: 10% so that the total accuracy is 80%. The results of both tests concluded that the pattern could be recognized quite accurately.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154352
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Experimental study of tilt angles on the performance of solar panels in
medan’s
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  First page: 050003
  Abstract: The development of new and renewable energy is currently a popular issue due to the diminishing availability of fossil energy. The potential for abundant and sustainable new and renewable energy, one of which is solar energy. Indonesia is a tropical region that is exposed to sunlight all year round. This potential is very supportive of the development or utilization of solar energy directly as a generator of electricity (Photovoltaic). The research was conducted experimentally to test the optimal tilt angle in absorbing solar energy on solar panels. The slopes tested are 0°, 40°, and 60°. The aim is to determine the effective slope of the angle in the application of solar panels. The research was conducted in Medan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia. As a result, the tilt angle of 40° is more effective at increasing the performance of the solar panel.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154921
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Thermoelectric utilization uses parabolic reflectors as an energy source
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  First page: 050004
  Abstract: The use of thermoelectric as an energy source has not been optimally implemented, this is the main problem. In this study, using a parabolic reflector as a medium for thermoelectric devices, 6 Peltier, which can be adjusted towards the sun, so that the Peltier can absorb the sun’s heat energy optimally. The method is carried out by assembling 6 thermoelectric pieces on a parabolic reflector, from the measurement results for 7 consecutive days the voltage and current results are obtained based on the influence of weather factors measured at the highest and lowest temperatures on that day for one week, namely Monday 4.169 V and 0.55 A with a hot temperature of 55 ℃ and a cold temperature of 32 ℃, Tuesday 9,114 V and a cold temperature of 0.59 A with a hot temperature of 70 ℃ and a cold temperature of 32 ℃, Wednesday 16.58 V and 0.71 A with a hot temperature of 110 ℃ and temperatures cold 32 ℃. Thursday 18.207 V and 1.10 A hot temperature 115 ℃ and cold temperature 41 ℃, Friday 22.453 V and 1.42 A hot temperature 118 ℃ and cold temperature 36 ℃, Saturday 18.33 V and 0.85 A with hot temperature 115 ℃ and cold temperatures of 40 ℃, week 14.81 V and 0.95 A with hot temperatures of 95 ℃ and cold temperatures of 38 ℃. From the results of the thermoelectric test, it can be concluded that the findings by using a parabolic reflector obtained a maximum voltage of 22.453 V with a maximum current of 1.42 A.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0180109
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The using of ATmega 2560 micro-controller for LPG leakage detection
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  First page: 050005
  Abstract: Gas leakage is a problem that can occur in residential areas, this paper provides a solution so that the house is safe from gas leaks, The design of gas leak detection equipment is very important as an early warning system, so there are no accidents and fires due to gas canister explosions, and residences can be protected from gas leaks, MQ-6 gas sensors as gas leak detection inputs. LCD as display output, bell as sound output, relay as solenoid gas valve controller as gas line safety when gas leakage. All of these components are connected to the main regulator ATmega 2560 Microcontroller, When the Gas Sensor Detects a Gas Leak, Then the Sensor Will Give The Command To Turn on the Bell, Show Warning On the LCD screen, And Relay works ordered Solenoid Gas Disconnected, And Gas Line Closed, when the voltage on the sensor is 2.33 volts, the sensor will detect gas leakage and will transmit to the microcontroller ATmega 2560 Microcontroller to set the LCD and Buzzer to work, and Solenoid will close the gas line, and if the sensor voltage below 2.33 sensor will not detect gas leakage, automatically the LCD and Buzzer will stop working.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154957
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Cellular BTS traffic characterization based on covariance and correlation
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  First page: 050006
  Abstract: The development of wireless cellular networks has attracted attention because of their roles recently. Various services offered by the networks are the reason. Maintaining the network’s performance in terms of their quality as well as their capacity is worth it. Some processes to be taken including planning, implementing, evaluating, and optimizing become the key to the effort. In the fact, some external factors make the implementation of the networks not follow the planning that is based on theoretical approaches and in the worst case, have a significant difference. This paper underlines some problems that may happen as the impact of the difference. Some researchers have addressed the characterization of the performance in large clusters. However, this paper discusses the performance based on small clusters. Specifically, this study emphasizes the analysis of traffic in terms of a single BTS (base transceiver station). The use of covariance and correlation is proposed for characterizing traffic in a single BTS. Based on sample BTSs, the study can categorize traffic of a BTS into some conditions, for instance, BTSs that have correlation values below 0.5 are classified into the first category. It means the pattern of traffic is different between sectors. These classifications are beneficial for further BTS optimization and can be used as one consideration.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0156078
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Solar cell battery condition monitoring system
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  First page: 050007
  Abstract: This article aims to design a remote monitoring system of photovoltaic solar cells battery conditions used for street lighting. The main variables to monitor are battery voltage and current. The monitoring system was developed based on commercial components, including INA 219 sensors, NodeMCU ESP 8266 microcontroller, and LCD. The Blynk platform developed the monitoring interface through a wireless internet connection. The monitoring system was tested by using 20 WP solar photovoltaic cells, a battery 12V 7AH, and Solar Charge Controller (SCC). Based on the testing results, it can be concluded that the developed monitoring system was able to measure voltage, current, and battery capacity continuously and display them on a smartphone by using the Blynk platform. The results have been validated manually using a multimeter at both SCC and battery output. The accuracy of the data display on the monitoring system is 27.96% and 0.24% for current and 0.91% to 16.15% for voltage.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154963
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The design of automatic clothes drying device using an Arduino Uno
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  First page: 050008
  Abstract: The rainy season will cause clothes that have been sunbathed will be wet again if not lifted by the user, therefore a tool is needed that can secure clothes from rainwater automatically, Arduino Uno serves to run programming using a PC, rain sensors are used to detect rain, LDR sensors are used to detect sunlight, power supply serves to supply voltage directly to components or change the AC (Alternating Current) voltage 220 V into DC (Direct Current) voltage, L298N Motor driver is used to adjust the speed of rotation and change the rotation of DC 12 V Motor, DC Motor is used to move the design tool that moves forward and backward motor rotation, Based on the results of tests conducted clothes dryer rails will move if the rain sensor is exposed to rain, dc motors will move the rails backwards, whereas dc motors will move the clothesline rails forward when the rain sensor is not exposed to rain, and if the LDR sensor is exposed to light, Arduino Uno will order the DC motor to move the clothesline rail forward, conversely if the LDR sensor is not exposed to light Arduino Uno will order the DC motor to drive the clothesline backward.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154962
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
IoT based railroad portal security system prototype design
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  First page: 050009
  Abstract: Transportation has an essential role in human life that facilitates daily activities. A good transportation system can guarantee safety, security, smoothness, speed, punctuality, and convenience for the community. The train is a modern means of transportation with the power of movement through various crossings guarded by officers. Even though it has been protected, the guard can be negligent and cause accidents, namely the result of not closing the railroad crossing gates and the negligence of road users who break through the gate. This research aims to design a prototype of a railway portal security that can be operated with an IoT-based control system. This system is expected to reduce the risk of accidents due to not working railroad crossing gates, thereby reducing fatalities. This research aims to design a control system based on the Blynk Internet of Things application. Blynk functions to program NodeMCU to give commands when the PIR sensor has read the train movement. The connected PIR works at an angle of 300 with a distance of 3 cm, 5 cm, and 7 cm in the top, bottom, left, and proper conditions. The program will work to raise the latch as the train passes. The system design is by the structure and function properly. The PIR sensor reads the train’s motion, and then the ESP8266 NodeMCU successfully sends a command to the servo motor, which works at a voltage of 3.3 volts at a distance of 10 cm in 3 seconds, 12 cm in 4 seconds, and 14 cm in 3 seconds to open the latch. This research was conducted at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara with the help of a toy train as a simulation tool. In securing railroad crossings on IoT-based highway traffic lanes, PT KAI can apply it because this tool is straightforward and can be applied by PT. KAI.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0180113
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Optimizing the thermal energy consumption in heating systems of
residential buildings: A case study
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  First page: 050010
  Abstract: The reduction of fossil fuels and pollution caused by the consumption of this type of fuel, on the one hand, and the high consumption of this energy in residential buildings, on the other hand, have led this research to propose solutions to optimize the consumption of thermal energy (heating) considering the economic considerations in residential homes. Relevant practical data have been applied to realize these goals. The results are the product of the output data of the studied building. To this end, the studied building was selected in Ardabil, Iran’s cold position. The amount of loss in various sections, such as windows and other physical elements for this building, has been evaluated, places that need energy audits have been identified, and the solution implementation results have been prepared. Economic parameters were also involved in choosing the best and most optimal solution and further reducing energy consumption. One of the important results was installing and sealing doors and windows with fiberglass (thickness 2.5 mm, density 43). The payback period for this solution was equal to 0.021 years, which has reduced the annual energy consumption of the building by as much as 12716938 kJ.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185758
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Literature review of regression testing technique as one of the ways of
treatment software
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  First page: 060001
  Abstract: Regression testing is an important and expensive part of software maintenance. Regression testing aims to examine the modified program, verify the error, and maintain the software’s reliability. The various regression testing techniques discussed in this paper are (1) Retest, (2) Regression Test Selection, (3) Priority Test Cases, and (4) Hybrid Approaches. This testing challenge chooses an algorithm to reorder the test. Research development shows the emergence of new techniques to reduce regression testing and improve testing quality, making it more effective. Then, the level of error detection is measured by guaranteeing the effectiveness of regression testing. Maintenance of the system is used to keep the system running correctly, there will usually be a defect due to the software’s use and length of time.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154345
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Improving sustainability performance metrics using usability framework and
WCAG 2.0 standard
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  First page: 060002
  Abstract: Sustainability has been included in the Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations. Software sustainability shows the effect of its development and usage on the aspect of economy, social, and society. One of the methods to measure software sustainability is by using the Sustainability Performance Metric. This study conducted a sustainability evaluation of the Internship Management Information System (SIM-PKN) using the metric with a modification in the usability and accessibility measurement. The framework’s General Graphical and Structural Evaluation are used for evaluating the usability aspect, while the accessibility evaluation is based on the WCAG 2.0 standard. Although the assessment has proven that SIM-PKN has fulfilled the elements of portability, support, performance, dependability, predictability, and efficiency, some problems with usability and accessibility aspects are identified.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154327
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
A digital forensic analysis on mozilla firefox browser in Android
operating system
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  First page: 060003
  Abstract: Many people misuse their smartphones to commit cyber crimes, one of the cases is the use of web browsers utilized as a medium to commit criminal acts such as drug trafficking, pornography, or terrorism. Digital forensics can be used to reveal crimes. Using digital forensics, the crimes can be traced so that the perpetrators can be caught, and digital evidence can be found to trap them in the trial/court. This research method follows preliminary examinations based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), including Collection, Examination, Analysis, and Reporting. Files on the web browser are saved in org.mozilla.firefox-1.apk then, after the analysis has been implemented, some data in folder files, cache, shared_prefts, and app tmpdir will exist. Several data could be used as digital evidence, such as Cookies, Web Bookmarks, Web History, and other data saved in the database. This can be traced to the data needed to reveal cyber-crime cases.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185760
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Three dimensional Salah guide application based on augmented reality
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  First page: 060004
  Abstract: Salah (Salat/Sholat/Shalat/Prayer) is the second of five pillars of Islam which is mandatory for Moslem. Salah is extremely important because it is the first deed that will be calculated in the afterlife. The gestures and postures need to follow the guidance practiced by Prophet Muhammad SAW. One way to learn about them is by using guidebooks. Learning them through books is difficult and boring for some people, especially children, because it only shows 2D images. Thus, this research developed a three-dimensional animation Salah guide application based on Augmented Reality. It implemented a marker-based Augmented Reality with a QR code to differentiate. Through this application, users could learn about Salah’s gestures and postures in three-dimensional animation, therefore, they could see the visualization of the gestures and postures. This application was built using the Unity game engine. The assets were built using Audicity, GIMP, Inkscape, and Blender. Black box testing shows that 92.307% of the functions of the application are running as they intended. Meanwhile, according to the User Acceptance Test, the application is considered very good with a 97.7% response percentage.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155060
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Implementation of the multi-factor process evaluation method to determine
mustahik priorities
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  First page: 060005
  Abstract: Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam that becomes philanthropic to reduce social inequality, increase welfare, and embody faith. There are eight groups of zakat recipients, namely the poor, amil, converts, riqab, gharim, fi sabilillah, and ibnu sabil managed by the Amil Zakat Institute (LAZ) in Indonesia. According to BPS, there has been an increase since September 2019 when the total number of poor people was 24.79 million people to 26.42 million people in March 2020. The increase in the number of poor people (mustahiq) indicates a problem in its management. The solution proposed through this research is the Multi-Factor Evaluation Process (MFEP), a method of evaluating zakat distribution with a priority scale. Six weighting criteria are determined by family status, clothing, food, housing, health, and education. A score of 1 to 10 is given to find the factor weight for each criterion. The value is reached by dividing the subfactor’s total value by the subfactor’s maximum value. The highest results on this evaluation of the first 10 (ten) priority mustahiq targets 0.74632 on behalf of Ahmad. More studies are needed to obtain more data and the accuracy of prioritizing mustahiq targets.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155030
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Implementation of GPS for tracking of street vendor
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  First page: 060006
  Abstract: The Global Positioning System (GPS) and digital maps are standard features of mobile devices. This feature is used in applications such as Go-Jek, and Grab and is applied to motorized vehicles. Daily necessities such as food and drink need to be fulfilled quickly, without having to go far or leave the house. Ordering food and beverages can use the Go-Food and Grab Food applications. The problem is that sometimes the food and drinks we need are unavailable in this application and only to street vendors. The arrival of street vendors is uncertain, and their location cannot be ascertained. Likewise, traveling traders sometimes do not find their customers, even though they have been around. This research uses the prototyping method with the stages of communication with users, planning and rapid design, building a model, and review and feedback. The result of this research is a prototype of a mobile merchant location tracking system using GPS tracking. Customers can use this system to track the whereabouts of sellers and sellers to determine their routes. This application makes it easy for customers to find the seller they want and can monitor the seller’s whereabouts in real time.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154610
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Implementation of Hajj and Umrah Q&A system using case-based
reasoning (CBR)
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  First page: 060007
  Abstract: Hajj and umrah guidance is needed to help pilgrims increase their knowledge about the rituals. But sometimes after following the hajj and umrah guidance, many of them still had many questions that need an expert to answer, but an expert sometimes not always be to help them. A question and answering system for Hajj and Umrah was developed to help pilgrims in answering their questions using the Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) method. This research only implements the Retrieve and Reuse process from the all CBR life cycle to answer the question. We tested the system in 2 scenarios. Firstly, using K-Fold Cross Validation with the value of K is four and used 104 data divided into 26 test data and 78 case base data. Second, using questions from outside the case base with a total of 26 data. Mean Reciprocal Rank was used to measure all of the scenarios. The first scenario shows the Mean Reciprocal Rank value is 0.97, and the second test, shows the value is 0.16. It offers that the system can give a relevant answer if the question is provided from the case base, and if not so, the system provides the un-relevant solution. The system needs to be improved by adding the Revise and Retain process and question rules
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0185777
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
IT-based education online learning in the middle of Covid-19 pandemic
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  First page: 060008
  Abstract: Education is a need of every individual/human. Environmental problems such as the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic require the right steps to get a good education, for example, such as educational information and learning. The strategy used to achieve education and informal learning is to increase the role of technology. The research was conducted using a survey method and was carried out starting in 2020. The results obtained regarding the use of IT in the world of education were the increased use of the IT Zoom application, Hangouts Meet, Skype, Cisco Web Meeting, and GoToMeeting in meeting information needs in all fields, especially in education and learning. Based on the results of research that has been done, it is found that the IT application that is often used by the public, especially in the fields of education and teaching and other activities is the use of the IT Zoom application with an average user for three months (February), namely 91,645 users, then followed by Skype IT usage with an average number of users of 51,061 users and followed by other similar applications such as Cisco Web Meeting, Hangouts and Go To Meeting applications.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154439
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
IMU-based joystick: Usage and interaction schemes in simulation game
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  First page: 060009
  Abstract: The existence of a game controller is undeniably crucial in the human-computer interaction of video games. Game controllers enhance the video game experience, where players interact, make decisions, and control the object within the game. A joystick is one of many video game controllers. It is characterized by a stick-like shape with buttons attached to it. The traditional joystick uses a potentiometer as its electrical input measurement unit, most of which are designed to be used above the pad. We propose an IMU-Based Joystick that improves the use of the traditional one. It uses an inertial measurement unit instead of a potentiometer to be used on-air without a pad. We also propose the interaction schemes (navigation, swipe, and action) that will unify its use in many video game applications. We tested the device in a car simulation game that implements the navigation, swipe, and action interaction scheme to control the car. According to the test scenario, our IMU-Based joystick better controlled the keyboard. The mean error percentages of all compared devices are 2.741% for the keyboard, 1.129% for the Xbox controller, and 1.290% for IMU-Based joystick.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154940
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Deep learning hyperparameter optimization on power transformers lifetime
prediction
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  First page: 060010
  Abstract: Since the global pandemic has significantly impacted all aspects of human life, technology has become vital in various sectors. The more technology is used, the more we need the electricity supply. The stability of the electricity supply is an absolute thing to customers. Power Transformer is essential equipment for delivering electricity to customers. So the condition of the power transformers should be an important thing that must be considered. Deep Learning is part of artificial intelligence widely applied to facilitate human needs. Based on its role, accuracy in the prediction results will be absolute. Hyperparameter optimization is one of the important methods in the machine learning process. Errors in assigning hypermeter values can negatively affect producing predictive values. This study discusses how to optimize the prediction results of the lifetime prediction on a power transformer. With optimal prediction results, it can help electricity management companies monitor conditions. Thereby it can minimize the risk of disruption of electricity supply to customers. Models are tested and verified using a real dataset from a power transformer in several locations. The best hyperparameter for this dataset is Random Search which produces 0.0022724 for Root Mean Square Error.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154959
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Wood species identification with transfer learning
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  First page: 060011
  Abstract: Wood or wood is a natural product of tree processing. Nowadays, the use of wood is decreasing, but some industries still use wood to manufacture their products to maintain product features. In some small industries, there are still errors in the use of wood species in production due to the lack of knowledge of industry players in identifying wood species. This study aims to develop a classification system for identifying wood species by applying transfer learning using a pre-trained model with InceptionV3 and MobileNetV2 architecture as its feature extraction layer. This research’s benefits are making it easier for woodworkers to identify wood types from wood images and speeding up the process of classifying wood types based on wood images. The dataset is 10624 wood images consisting of Agathis, Meranti, and Perupuk. The model used in this study was trained using 7659 images and validated using 1911 images. Performance testing of the classification model using the confusion matrix method was carried out on 1063 wood images. The results showed that the model with the best performance is mobileNetV2 with fine-tuning and 96% accuracy test results.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155575
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Image classification with support vector machine to identify Indonesian
traditional building types
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  First page: 060012
  Abstract: A traditional building is a building that is built in the same way from generation to generation without any changes. The many types of traditional buildings make students, and the general public not know the identity of these traditional buildings. It is necessary to digitally document types of traditional buildings to facilitate storing and retrieving information related to traditional types of facilities to students or people who work in architecture as library reference materials. This study aims to apply the concept of image classification to recognize traditional buildings with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, which is implemented with Python programming for analysis and PHP as a system interface. The object used in this study is the image data of the roof of a traditional Central Java building. Data collection is done by collecting images from the Google Street View application and Smartphone Camera. The dataset used is 650 images of roof models for each traditional Central Java building type, namely Joglo, Kampung, Limasan, Panggang Pe, and Tajug traditional buildings. To determine the system’s performance is built, it is done by testing the accuracy with the confusion matrix method using data testing as much as 50 image data. The test results showed that 46 images were correctly recognized, and four did not match; thus, 92% accuracy achieved was 92%.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0181055
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Application of chitosan and catechin to improve the color intensity and UV
protection in the dyeing of cotton fabrics with natural dyes from
peristrophe bivalvis
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  First page: 070001
  Abstract: The use of natural dyes as textile dyes is increasingly in demand since public awareness of the dangers of synthetic dyes has been increasing. Natural dyes produce a weak color intensity and require repeated dyeing to produce the desired color. This paper studied the effect of chitosan and catechin on the intensity and protection of fabrics in natural dyes from Peristrophe bivalvis expressed by parameters of UV protection factor (UPF) and color difference values (ΔE). The effects were observed between chitosan treatment and a combination of chitosan and catechin treatment of dyed cotton fabric in various concentrations. Cotton fabric treatment was applied before and after the dyeing process, and a combination of both. As a result, as the concentration of chitosan and catechin increased, the color intensity increased, as evidenced by the increase in the ΔE value. The best UPF value was obtained by combining chitosan and catechin on cotton fabric with the concentration of chitosan and catechin, respectively, 15 g/L and 0.5 g/L in the treatment before and after dyeing in a UPF value of 7.22 and a color difference (ΔE) of 36.09. The best lightfastness was obtained by a combination treatment of chitosan and catechin, with the results increased to 3-4 (good).
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154606
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The effect of acrylic acid on the characteristics of chitosan-based
superabsorbent hydrogen
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  First page: 070002
  Abstract: The superabsorbent hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer with high water absorption capability. Superabsorbent hydrogels have become a potential material for some applications e.g. waste treatment, agriculture media, and health care applications. The chitosan-based superabsorbent hydrogel was synthesized with the variation of acrylic acid concentrations from 0% to 2% (v/v). The effects of acrylic acid on the characteristics of superabsorbent were studied in this research. Superabsorbent hydrogels were successfully synthesized from chitosan and acrylic acid using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker agent and potassium persulfate as an initiator. The results show that adding acrylic acid increased the tensile strength and swelling ratio but decreased the hydrogel’s gel fractions and elongation percentage. The highest swelling ratio (608%) was obtained at a 2% concentration of acrylic acid.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154952
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
The effect of clay and SiO 2 composition on the physical properties of
wall tile ceramic body
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  First page: 070003
  Abstract: Ceramics are used as a body, filler, and coating material, which helps strengthen and beautify buildings or filled/coated material. The material for the manufacture must be carefully selected to meet the predetermined criteria. The main ingredients for making ceramics are clay and feldspar, which in this research uses SiO2. The supporting elements added are water glass and water. In this study, the effect of SiO2 composition was observed in 6 samples, consisting of 3 samples with additional SiO2 composition and another 3 samples with additional clay. The physical tests performed were rheology, residues, shrinkage after drying and firing, water absorption, loss on ignition (LOI), and bending strength. The test results show that additional SiO2 composition will reduce viscosity, LOI, shrinkage, and bending strength but increase the residue. On the contrary, additional clay composition will increase viscosity, LOI, shrinkage, and bending strength but decrease residue. The addition of SiO2 as an additive in filler material at a certain percentage is considered as it has lower LOI and shrinkage values. However, from an economic point of view, additional SiO2 also needs to be considered as it is more expensive than clay.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0181074
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Modification of PVC mechanical and migration properties by substitution of
DOP plasticizer with epoxidized rice bran oil
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  First page: 070004
  Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the widely used and versatile plastic materials. One phthalate plasticizer commonly used in PVC compounding is the toxic dioctyl phthalate (DOP). DOP is easily oxidized and non-renewable. Therefore a non-toxic bio plasticizer of epoxidized rice bran oil (ERBO) was employed to substitute DOP in PVC compounds by 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 %w/w. Mechanical properties of casted PVC samples were then characterized in terms of hardness, tensile strength, and elongation. Migration property characterization was also performed. It was revealed that all those properties were influenced by the substitution level of bio plasticizer (calculated F values were all higher than the tabulated ones). The influence was significant for hardness and elongation (calculated t values were higher than the tabulated ones), but not significant for solvent migration and tensile strength (calculated t values were lower than the tabulated ones).
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155827
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Carbon intensity-based approach for analyzing the environmental
performance of nickel production in Indonesia
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  First page: 070005
  Abstract: Nickel is a mineral commodity that plays an essential role in the metals trade. The demand for nickel worldwide trends to increase yearly, with a total reserve recorded at 89 million tons, and Indonesia currently has the highest nickel deposits. In addition, nickel production requires bulk energy for processing nickel ores, which would subsequently contribute to increasing Greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration in the atmosphere. This study aims to estimate the carbon intensity per ton product of nickel in Indonesia and to identify its main contributors. A nickel processing plant in Indonesia with a production capacity of 250,000 tons that uses RKEF technology was taken as a case study. The method for estimating the GHG emission is adapted from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The result of GHG Emissions is divided by the total product of nickel to generate the carbon intensity per ton of nickel product per year. The result showed that a total of 2.6 million tons of CO2-e per year was generated for nickel production. The total carbon intensity of nickel production was 10.5 ton CO2-e/ton nickel product generated by five areas: power plant, construction and engineering, processing plant, auxiliary, and transport logistic. The carbon intensity of nickel production in Indonesia appears to be in the range of carbon intensity of other nickel companies worldwide. In addition, hydrocarbon-based materials utilization such as coal and diesel fuel were found to be the main contributor to high GHG emissions.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154807
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effect of temperature on brackish water adsorption in Kemudi village using
activated zeolite
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  First page: 070006
  Abstract: Kemudi village is one of the villages in the Gresik district where groundwater is brackish water. The water salinity in this village was 30.11 g/L with a chloride concentration of 9,128.4 ppm. The high concentration of chloride made the water in the village unfit for consumption. One of the desalination technologies that can be used to reduce chloride concentration in water is the adsorption method. The adsorbent used was in the form of natural zeolite that had been physically activated at a temperature of 400 ℃ with a size of 60 mesh. The adsorption temperatures used in this study were 30, 40, and 50 ℃. Activated zeolites had a higher ability to adsorb contaminants in water compared to non-activated zeolites. Activated zeolites could reduce the concentration of chloride by up to 12.6% at an operating temperature of 30 ℃. Dissolved iron concentration decreased from 1.02 mg/L to 0.24 mg/L, turbidity decreased to 0 NTU, and the color scale decreased to <0.2 TCU.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154683
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effect of the addition of rice straw nanofiber and zinc oxide on the
mechanical properties and biodegradability of bioplastic
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  First page: 070007
  Abstract: Plastic waste is the main problem that causes environmental pollution due to its non-biodegradable properties. One of the efforts to overcome this problem is the development of bioplastics. However, bioplastic still has a drawback, namely a low mechanical strength. The modification of bioplastic by adding rice straw nanofiber or zinc oxide (ZnO) was developed to enhance the mechanical properties and the degree of biodegradability. Various percentages of rice straw nanofiber or zinc oxides (0%, 1%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%,18%) were added to the starch aqueous of Canna discolor to improve the mechanical properties and the degree of biodegradability. The results showed that adding a rice straw nanofiber increases the mechanical strength and biodegradability of starch bioplastic from Canna discolor. In contrast, adding zinc oxide improved mechanical strength but decreased biodegradability. The composition percentage of 12% filler has produced the highest tensile strength (5.65 MPa for adding a rice straw nanofiber and 6.14 MPa for zinc oxide), which is twice larger than the tensile strength of pure bioplastic.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154954
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
GC-MS analysis of chemical compounds of coconut oil extract from dried
coconut with low-temperature process
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  First page: 070008
  Abstract: Coconut oil is a source of many oleochemicals such as fatty acids, methyl esters, and fatty alcohol. The study’s general objective is to process cold-pressed coconut oil from full-fat coconut meat and identify phytocompounds of coconut oil. Oil from coconut meats was heated to 70 °C for 100 min, pressed, and filtered. Fatty acid and others compounds were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectra (GC-MS). The present study showed that the major compounds dominating coconut oil with 70 °C drying and low-temperature pressing are dodecanoic acid, 2H-pyran-2-one, and other compounds with potential biological activity. Promising results from the above study can be the basis for developing low-temperature pressed coconut oil as functional oil.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0155139
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Mini review: Study of the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate and methyl
carbamate through urea methanolysis route
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  First page: 070009
  Abstract: The process of synthesizing dimethyl carbonate through the urea methanolysis reaction has been less attractive because it has a low yield and a higher risk of toxicity than the direct synthesis process. However, the urea methanolysis reaction can be an alternative because it has several advantages: urea and methanol raw materials have low prices and are easy to obtain and handle. In this review, a literature study was conducted to review the operating conditions, catalyst selection, and shortcomings of the urea methanolysis process in synthesizing dimethyl carbonate and methylcarbamate based on current research references. The study results indicate that the development of the urea methanolysis reaction research still requires steps to develop a range of operating conditions to obtain a more significant yield so that later it can become an alternative route for operating on an industrial scale.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0154545
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)
Effectiveness of polyamide membrane from durian peel charcoal for fried
chicken cooking oil purification
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  First page: 070010
  Abstract: Durian shell is high in cellulose, so that it can make activated charcoal. This activated charcoal can be used as a raw material for making polyamide membranes that function as a filter to purify used cooking oil. The method we use is experimentation with the steps of material preparation; making activated charcoal from durian shell; manufacturing of durian shell charcoal polyamide composite membrane; testing the physical characteristics of the membrane, the application of the durian shell charcoal polyamide composite membrane, and test the characteristics of used cooking oil after processing. This study was designed to determine the effect of polyamide-charcoal durian skin membranes on reducing free fatty acid levels, water content, and the impact of durian shell charcoal cross-sectional area on the absorption of polyamide composite membranes. Durian peel charcoal polyamide composite membrane affects the water content, free fatty acids, and density of used cooking oil. The cross-sectional area of durian peel charcoal influences the membrane’s absorption capacity; the more significant the cross-sectional area of durian peel charcoal, the higher the absorption capacity of the oil. The more charcoal and nylon mass on the polyamide membrane, the smaller the FFA content produced.
  PubDate: Wed, 29 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT
  DOI: 10.1063/5.0180634
  Issue No: Vol. 2702, No. 1 (2023)