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Publisher: European Ecocycles Society (Total: 1 journals) [Sort alphabetically]

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	Ecocycles (Followers: 4)

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Ecocycles
Number of Followers: 4

This is an Open Access Journal

Open Access journal
ISSN (Print) 2416-2140 - ISSN (Online) 2416-2140
Published by European Ecocycles Society

[1 journal]

Colophon 8.2
- Authors: Julia O. Tarodi
  Abstract: This is the Colophon of Ecocycles Vol. 8, Issue 2.
  PubDate: 2022-07-20
  Issue No: Vol. 8, No. 2 (2022)
Historical context of the origins of the biological-ecological approach to
plant protection
- Authors: Tamas Komives
  Pages: 1 - 3
  Abstract: This Editorial paper is to introduce two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first one is an edited and annotated translation of a ground-breaking study originally published by Dr. Barnabás Nagy (a young scientist working at the Plant Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of Hungary) in 1957 (Nagy, 1957). Unfortunately, the paper appeared only in Hungarian (without its title and abstract translated to English) in a relatively obscure local journal that existed for less than 15 years and is not available online today. The excellent English translation of Nagy's article (Nagy et al., 2022, translated, edited, and annotated by Dr. Béla Darvas and Dr. András Székács) shows that Nagy's ideas were revolutionary in every respect and way ahead of their time. His concept was to move the theory and practice of plant protection away from chemistry (i.e., spraying with pesticides) to an approach based on biology and ecology. Nagy's paper is not only innovative and scientifically visionary but is an excellent reading, too. The second paper, written by Székács and Darvas (2022) discusses the current status of ecological plant protection and how it is influenced by the works of Nagy and his contemporaries in Hungary and abroad. The authors pay special attention to the changing attitudes of society (the general public and the government agencies) related to the persistence and environmental fate of pesticides, their residues, and chronic health-damaging effects. These changes are evident in the rapid progression and expansion of ecological (organic) farming worldwide and its support in the European Green Deal. In conclusion, I strongly recommend Nagy's seminal work to anyone interested in plants and protecting them against harmful pests. Furthermore, I express my deep gratitude to Drs. Darvas and Székács, who responded positively to our invitation to translate it and make it available to scientists, educators, and the general public and gave an excellent overview on the outlook of ecological plant protection today.
  PubDate: 2022-07-20
  DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.228
  Issue No: Vol. 8, No. 2 (2022)
The importance of biological vision in the control of plant pests
- Authors: Barnabás Nagy, Béla Darvas, András Székács
  Pages: 4 - 11
  Abstract: Animal populations living on one or more plants, as well as the parasitic and predatory populations built around them, and those living from the carcass, waste, and other populations of all these plants constitute a life-changer held together by specific laws. It is therefore essential that the ratio between plant protection products, on the one hand, and entomological ecological research, on the other hand, should very soon change. Only agrocoenologists are capable to carry out the research task, which is very closely related to plant protection already that examines the immediate and more distant effects of the broad variety of protection methods, particularly those by chemical control. We allude to the agronomist, familiar with biology and not changing his farmland exceedingly often; who can gradually, year after year, compile the building blocks of experience; who can keep an eye on the major alterations in wildlife upon the anthropogenic activities that transform nature; who can record changes in the bulk of pests, their disappearance and reemergence; and who could observe the impacts of plant protection work with a critical eye. We must strive to find processes based on biological-ecological research, practically pest by pest, that allow the greatest use of natural limiting factors by restraining chemical treatments to the narrowest and most appropriate schedule. In our article, we describe some methods and principles of the implementation of a biological approach and ecological plant protection.
  PubDate: 2022-07-20
  DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.221
  Issue No: Vol. 8, No. 2 (2022)
Attempts for undoing the ecological incompatibility of agricultural
technologies: from ecological pest management to agroecology
- Authors: András Székács, Béla Darvas
  Pages: 12 - 22
  Abstract: Current agroecology is often categorized into three facets, science, practice, and movement. While the latter two aspects currently play significant and varying roles in different regions of the world, the fundamental aspect is the first one, the scientific approach that subsequently provided the possibility of the birth of the other two. The concept of integrated plant protection i.e., the emphasis on ecological considerations in chemical pest control emerged as a revolutionary novel concept in the middle of the last century. Among the priority principles, there are several similarities between ecological plant protection suggested by the pioneering Hungarian researcher Barnabás Nagy in 1957 and integrated pest management (IPM) initiated by US scientists Stern et al. in 1959, in given aspects such as the use of natural enemies, forecasting, and environmentally friendly strategies. In turn, the principles of ecological plant protection and IPM overlap on numerous points, but differences are also apparent. Neither of these strategies, however, emphases with due vigor the significance of persistence, pesticide residues, and chronic health-damaging effects. By today, properly assessing the environmental fate, behavior and chronic side effects of pesticides have become as important as taking the rapidly changing composition of local communities into consideration by the above three aspects of agroecology. The current pesticide re-registration strategy of the European Union focuses on prolonged changes from chronic effects. Ecological plant protection and IPM set preferences of sustainability e.g., the use of mechanical or biological protection methods and lowering the rate of agrochemical protection, but they have failed to establish transparent sustainability requirements that are easy to comprehend by general consumers. In contrast, ecological (organic) agriculture managed to formulate such clear regulations (a complete ban on synthetic pesticides), which is well-reflected in their rising preference by consumers but failed to prove that observed health benefits of organic produce is indeed due to the lack of the residues of those pesticides banned. In turn, the ecological approach currently has a strong presence in the form of the determined agroecological objectives of the European Green Deal. In retrospect, it is particularly impressive to observe the path of IPM, sustainable agriculture and all three aspects agroecology all rooted in the establishment of the ecological initiatives in the late fifties as their common historical scientific starting point.
  PubDate: 2022-07-20
  DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.222
  Issue No: Vol. 8, No. 2 (2022)
Multi-aspect overview of mineral-water-based therapies of musculoskeletal
disorders in Hungary
- Authors: Ágnes Erzsébet Hojcska, Zoltán Szabó, Zoltán Bujdosó
  Pages: 23 - 36
  Abstract: Demographic transformation, characterized by the aging of the population, is causing an increasing problem in developed countries. This change involves a significant increase in the number of chronic diseases, the health damage generated by which causes loss of life years due to deteriorating health and impairs quality of life. Among chronic diseases, the increasing frequency of musculoskeletal disorders has become characteristic of an aging society, which causes the greatest loss of life years in Hungary due to limitations. These problems mean increasing social, economic, and administrative pressure on the population and pose solution challenges for the spa town leaders and health decision-makers. There are several therapies available in the medical and health sciences to prevent and treat musculoskeletal disorders, with increasing emphasis on conservative therapies as the role of health increases. In Hungary, among these procedures, medicinal water treatment services based on natural healing factors available in spa towns play a key role, which is also the basis of medical tourism and part of the health care system. To solve the problems caused by musculoskeletal disorders, it is essential to know the occurrence of the disease and the treatment-use attitude of the patients, mainly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the main goal of our research is to assist spa towns leaders and health decision-makers in the implementation of medical tourism developments and more optimal patient care. One of the part-aims of our research is to reveal the regional differences of the most common musculoskeletal diseases in Hungary based on secondary data. Our other research-part objective is to determine the impact of socio-demographic characteristics, health status, type of musculoskeletal disease, pain, and commitment to bath medicine care system on the future use of medicinal water treatment in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Based on our results, we declare that the health status of the Hungarian population in terms of the most frequently occurring locomotor diseases is worst in Central Hungary, the greater part of the Southern Great Plain, and the northeastern part of the country. In terms of territory, we concluded that the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders is relatively low, and moderate inequality in Hungary. It also follows from our results that the indicators measuring regional differences selected can be successfully applied to examine the territorial inequalities of musculoskeletal diseases concerning medical tourism. We also found that the respondents' level of family income, place of residence by region, state of health, the degree of commitment to medicinal water treatment/service was found, furthermore the cost of treatment, and the cost of accommodation /travel, significantly affect the planned use of the medicinal water treatment in the future. Our results promote the implementation of more targeted medical tourism and health industry developments in spa towns.
  PubDate: 2022-08-11
  DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.235
  Issue No: Vol. 8, No. 2 (2022)